Reicherskreuz

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Reicherskreuz
Community of Schenkendöbern
Coordinates: 52 ° 1 '43 "  N , 14 ° 27' 49"  E
Height : 92 m above sea level NHN
Area : 81 ha
Residents : 47  (Dec 31, 2011)
Population density : 58 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1998
Incorporated into: Pinnow heathland
Postal code : 03172
Area code : 033671
Reicherskreuz (Brandenburg)
Reicherskreuz

Location of Reicherskreuz in Brandenburg
Half-timbered church Reicherskreuz
Half-timbered church Reicherskreuz

Reicherskreuz ( Rychartojce in Lower Sorbian ) is a district of the municipality of Schenkendöbern in the Spree-Neisse district ( Brandenburg ). Reicherskreuz is located in the Schlaubetal Nature Park , large parts of the area are taken up by the Reicherskreuzer Heide and Schwansee nature reserves . In the late Middle Ages and in the early modern period , the Reicherskreuz was a fiefdom of the count family v. Sternberg.

Geographical location

Reicherskreuz on the Urmes table sheet 3953 Groß Muckrow from 1844

The next larger town is Guben in the southeast, about 35 kilometers by road, the small town of Lieberose is about 12.5 kilometers to the southwest. Reicherskreuz can only be reached via small local roads, the L452 from Leeskow, which ends here, and two small streets to the east towards Henzendorf and one street to the north. The L 43 in the north is about six kilometers away, the B 320 runs about seven kilometers south of the town.

Reicherskreuz borders in the northwest and north on Groß Muckrow and Klein Muckrow (both places are districts of the city of Friedland (Niederlausitz) ) and the municipality of Grunow-Dammendorf , in the northeast on Treppeln , in the east on Henzendorf (both places are districts of the municipality Neuzelle ), All of the places mentioned are in the Oder-Spree district, to the south on Pinnow and Staakow (both places are districts of the municipality of Schenkendöbern in the Spree-Neisse district) and to the west on Leeskow (part of the Jamlitz community in the Dahme-Spreewald district ).

In the west, the Reicherskreuz district borders on the Schwansee . To the west of the town center, on the boundary with Groß Muckrow, there is a small, nameless pond; a little further to the east, the old topographic map from 1911 shows another small pond, which has since disappeared. Another small pond is located close to the boundary of Treppeln. Otherwise there are no rivers in the area. An extensive height east of the town center is recorded in the old topographic map 1: 25,000 as Galgenberg.

geology

The area around Reicherskreuz shows an accumulation of relief forms, which allow to reconstruct the ice breakup and the related multi-phase drainage systems of the meltwater . An ice edge location after the end of the Brandenburg Stadium , the Saarmund-Reicherskreuzer-Staffel , was named after the place. The extensive, south and south-west facing embankment of the Reicherskreuzer Sanders is connected to this standstill . The village of Reicherskreuz was laid out on the Upper Schwanheide-Sander . This was created when, after the end of the Saarmund-Reicherskreuzer relay, until the start of the Grunower standstill , including Grunower Halt , the Schlaube and Ölserinne served as a southward-facing meltwater channel.

These geological conditions brought abundant boulders to the region. Nowhere in the area have so many buildings been built from the existing field stones or from a mixture of field stones and bricks as here.

Overview of population development from 1799 to 2011

year 1818 1846 1871 1875 1890 1900 1910 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 1997 2011
Residents 129 155 185 176 141 139 134 125 108 100 200 164 100 88 74 47 50 47

Name interpretation

The village was first mentioned in 1393 as Richartcrucze , and from 1673 on, Reicherskreutz . It is no longer possible to determine whether the name can be interpreted as a cross of Richard , as it could also be a wayside cross , a border cross , a grave cross or another feature in the hallway that gave it its name. Since about a third of the field names listed on the separation map of 1841 were of Lower Sorbian origin or have the influence, parts of the population in the Middle Ages were probably Sorbs . Can be assigned inter alia Guschinke of gusćinka = bushes, Sagrod of zagroda = Feldgarten or Schinneläugchen of Scina =, reeds and leeks.

Ownership history

The Angerdorf was first mentioned in the Lübben city ​​register from 1393. The manor and village of Reicherskreuz were a fiefdom of the count family v. Sternberg in Bohemia. Since the Lieberose lordship, usually always referred to in connection with Leeskow , Reicherskreuz and Sarkow , came under the lordship of the Sternberg family in 1477, the lordship of the v. Sternberg and Reicherskreuz go back to the 15th century.

The first known owner of Reicherskreuz was Nickel Belau in 1526. In the 1570s, Gregor v. Hold the goods. He probably died in 1581 and left his two sons a small estate next to the manor . Christoph v. Behlen was to receive the manor, valued at 6000 thalers, Jost v. Behlen should be put up with money. However, Christoph left the manor to his brother Jost for 6,000 thalers. However, Christoph was supposed to give his brother the fiefdom of the entire estate and to take over the obligations on the estate, especially for his mother. Jost paid his brother 5,000 thalers, but kept 1,000 guilders for his mother. Christoph did not think of fulfilling his obligations, but moved to Forst to the v. Bieberstein and rented an inn. Two representatives from his brother who advised him of his obligations were verbally abused and held tied up at the inn for two weeks. Now the Lower Lusatian bailiff stepped in and asked the Biebersteiners to expel Christoph v. Bleeding on. However, they refused and there was a dispute over jurisdiction between the Biebersteiner and the Oberamt in Lübben. Unfortunately, the outcome of the lack of competence has not been passed down. Before 1588, Jost v. Behlen half of the property to Hans Georg v. Selstrang. The other half appears to Abraham v. Chr. Having sold Leipzig, which is also named on the Reicherskreuz in 1599.

17th century

Around 1607 the v. Kottwitz the share of Abraham v. Leipzig acquired. Sehlstrang's share fell to the v. Wiedebach. Then in 1614 the von Bomsdorf family acquired the whole of Reicherß-Creuze . The rural village population consisted of lassi-Nazi Kossäten , where their land from the landlord was left to the revocation for management. In 1652 the then deserted village of Reicherskreuz was auctioned and sold to Abraham v. Bomsdorf sold. He sold the estate in 1664 (or 1666) to Caspar Loth (Otto) v. Schlieben, who died in 1682. Caspar Loth was the son of Zacharias v. Close on Rutzkau (part of the municipality of Bronkow ). His brother Zacharias Otto had acquired the Mochlitz and Ullersdorf estates in 1665/6 . His sisters were Felicia Magdalena, married to Georg v. Zschertwitz auf Briesen and Tornow and Anna Catharina, since August 8, 1651 married to Caspar v. Leipzig (he) on Herbersdorf (today part of the municipality of Niederer Fläming ). Caspar Loth died on March 7, 1682. The widow of Caspar Loth v. Schlieben, Barbara Dorothea v. On behalf of her underage sons, Löben asked for a loan to Golzig and Oderin , which she also received. She also asked for a decision about whether she should look for the loan letter from the Sternbergs. The answer is not known. The daughter Barbara Sophie v. Schlieben married the Jobst Ehrentreich v. Schapelow on Stremmen .

18th century

Later Adam Friedrich v. Schloss owned by Reicherskreuz. In 1727 he also took his oath of loyalty to the new abbot of the Neuzelle monastery through representation , but of course not for the Reicherskreuz, but for other goods in the Oderbruch. In 1750 Adam Friedrich v. Close Reicherskreuz to Georg Anton vd Schulenburg from the Lieberose class . The sale dragged on, in 1751 it had apparently also received the approval of the Sternberg'schen feudal curia. However, the Elector of Saxony and the King of Bohemia now appealed. In the end, the sale seems to have taken place. In 1778 Georg Anton vd Schulenburg died without a male heir. After long legal disputes among the heirs, Carl Ernst Georg Graf v. Podewils Reicherskreuz and in 1782 received a feudal letter from the Sternberg'schen feudal curia. Carl Ernst Georg Count v. Podewils died in 1789 without a physical heir, and Reicherskreuz went to his siblings Friedrich Werner and Sofie Christine v. Podewils.

Former forest workers' house
Back house opposite the former forest workers house

19th century

But Friedrich Werner Graf v. Podewils, heir, castle and castle resident of Varzin, Sukow, and the Hasenfirschen estates in Western Pomerania, heir and court lord in Bärklau, Leeskow and Reicherskreuz in Niederlausitz, Walsleben in Altmark, Fredersdorf, Vogelsdorf and Bollensdorf in Kurmark died in 1804 without direct heirs. Reicherskreuz then fell to the daughter of his sister Sofie Christine Dorothea (* 1734, † 1802, married v. Marschall, used v. Haeseler, used v. Bredow, used countess v. Hordt), from the Marriage to Count August Ferdinand v. Haeseler, Caroline Friederike v. Haeseler, (* 1760, † 1826). This was with Karl Ludwig (count since 1842) v. Berg, with whom she had a daughter Luise, who in 1800 gave Count August Ernst v. Voss had married. After her mother's death, Luise Countess v. Voss the manor Leeskow. The new land book shows that she was the owner of Leeskow in 1828. She had the estate run by a tenant Rösler. In 1837 her son Felix Georg Julius August Werner Heinrich Karl Graf v. Voss, heir to Groß Giewitz and Schönau, Schorsow, Leeskow and Reicherskreuz. This was his first marriage to Luise Wilhelmine Countess von Hahn († 1833), in 1832 he had taken over his father's property in Mecklenburg. It is not known whether he had received Leeskow and Reicherskreuz de jure at all. According to the topographical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurt ad Oder from 1844 (year 1840), the Leeskow manor still belonged to his mother, Countess v. Voss in Berlin. After Houwald she sold Leeskow and Reicherskreuz in 1843 for 36,000 thalers, to whom is unknown. Leeskow was now an object of speculation. In 1848 the Leipzig trading company Bäßler & Bomnitz bought Reicherskreuz for 31,000 thalers, the neighboring Leeskow for 30,000 thalers. Four years later, in 1852, Leeskow and Reicherskreuz were sold again to a new owner named Meister. In the same year, Leeskow and Reicherskreuz went to the Berlin timber merchant Fr. Tornow, who was named as the owner of the manor in 1856. According to Berghaus, the manor had a size of 4089 acres . In 1856 the economic inspector Mieske is mentioned. One can assume that the property was managed by a manager during this period. In 1856 the two places were passed on to the Berlin merchant Hirsch Hermann Cohn. This now sold Reicherskreuz (before 1861) separately to City Councilor Joseph Leibnitz from Prenzlau. Leeskow was sold to the merchants Julius Lagowitz and Simon Saling in 1878. Joseph Leibnitz sold the Reicherskreuz to Salomon Cohnheim from Demmin in 1867. The general address book of manors and estate owners in the German Empire states Hermann Niepayer as the owner for 1879. Another owner followed and the last one was Rentière Caroline Kelch nee. Wilke from Berlin. Caroline Kelch died in 1890 and her heirs sold the estate to the Prussian forestry treasury in 1890 . It had a size of 922 ha , of which 529.75 ha were pine forest . The Leeskow manor was also acquired by the Prussian forest treasury in the same year.

The village of Reicherskreuz

The village was always small, in 1695 a tailor was mentioned in the village. In 1708 9 Kossäts lived with their families in Reicherskreuz, in 1718 only 7 Kossäts are given. The village was valued at 300  florins . In 1723 there was the daughter church of Muckrow , built in 1718, ten farmsteads, a small tavern , a small village forge and a windmill . The windmill stood west of the village a little north of today's L452. Only the field name Mühlberg reminds of the mill ; it burned down in 1906 after the milling operation had already ceased. There is evidence of a linen weaver in 1744. 102 people lived in Reicherskreuz in 1755. The Heide runners of Reicherskreuz in 1808 was Johann Haschick , the following year lived ten Kossäten and six Häusler with their families in Reicherskreuz. In 1818 the village had 129 inhabitants and 22 campfire sites ; three people lived in the mill. In 1840 there were 24 residential buildings in which 146 people lived. On the Urmes table sheet from 1846 a field brick and clay pit is recorded east of the village. Around 1850 (1865?) The Clarahöhe Vorwerk was built on the way to Dammendorf , it also belonged to the estate. It disappeared again around 1910 and the building was demolished. Around 1850 the half-timbered church was built on Friedhofshöhe to replace the old church. In 1860, 169 people lived in 24 residential buildings. Around 1870 the Räschener mine owner Gustav Harzer was drilling with success on lignite in the districts of Goschen, Klein Muckrow and Reicherskreuz. However, there was no dismantling.

The population peaked in 1875, at that time 176 people lived in Reicherskreuz, then the numbers fell. In 1933 there were still 108 residents. Only through the refugees at the end of the Second World War was there another increase to 200 inhabitants, in 2006 there were only 53, in 2011 it was 47.

After the manor was sold the following year (1891) the district forester's office was set up on the manor and subordinated to the Dammendorf chief forester. The Leeskow manor was also affiliated to the Reicherskreuz district forester in 1891. The school was completed in 1905 and, like the churchyard, was surrounded by a stone wall. A volunteer fire brigade was established in 1927.

The Reicherskreuzer escaped resettlement to make room for the construction of the Kurmark SS military training area in April 1945 when the Red Army marched into the area . The planned areas became the shooting range of the GSSD troops until 1992. With the end of the Lieberose military training area and its handover to the State of Brandenburg in 1994, the Reicherskreuzer Heide was integrated into the 2840 hectare nature reserve Reicherskreuzer Heide and Schwansee in the following year . This has since been part of the Schlaubetal Nature Park. The wooded area has always ensured that the community was a forest workers' village. In the time of the GDR , a large part of the population was employed by the state forestry enterprise in Frankfurt (Oder) , the fields were cultivated by the LPG Schadow . There was no longer a school in the village, the building was the seat of the council of the community . The forestry department was closed around 1970, and today the Reicherskreuz district is part of the Lieberose forestry department. With the end of the school location, the children attended the first four classes in the primary school in Jamlitz and then the secondary school in Lieberose. The former forest workers' house was used as a consumer sales point in the GDR . Opposite it was one of the three field stone bakery houses in the village that had stood the test of time. In 1985 and 1986 the church was torn down to the foundation walls and rebuilt in compliance with the preservation order . In their cemetery there is a lying trunk of a winter linden tree . It was planted around 1850 and is a natural monument .

Reicherskreuz cobblestone street

When the first paved road was built in 1995, the Reicherskreuzer decided in favor of cobblestone pavement because it fits better into the townscape. The natural stone paving of the former Bärenklauer Dorfstrasse (B 97) was reused.

Political Affiliation

Reicherskreuz belonged to the district of Lübben until June 30, 1950 . After the first GDR district reform , the place belonged to the Frankfurt (Oder) district from July 1, 1950 to July 24, 1952 . With the major district reform in the GDR, the village was incorporated into the Guben district from July 25, 1952 , which was merged with the Cottbus-Land , Forst and Spremberg districts on December 6, 1993 in the Spree-Neisse district.

With the creation of the parish and manor districts in 1807, Reicherskreuz became an independent parish, which was significantly smaller in relation to the manor district (1529 ha) with 434 ha. In 1848 patrimonial jurisdiction was abolished in the municipality, but remained in the manor district until 1928. The parish and manor district of Reicherskreuz were merged in 1929 to form the rural parish of Reicherskreuz. With effect from October 1, 1992, Reicherskreuz formed the administrative community of Amt Schenkendöbern with 14 other communities . On December 31, 1998, the communities of Lübbinchen , Pinnow , Reicherskreuz and Staakow merged to form the new community of Pinnow-Heideland . On July 18, 2002, the Ministry of the Interior of Brandenburg approved the merger of the municipalities of Atterwasch , Bärenklau , Grabko , Lutzketal and Pinnow-Heideland to form the new municipality of Schenkendöbern, which became legally effective on October 26, 2003. The office of Schenkendöbern was dissolved at the same time, the municipality of Schenkendöbern vacant. The municipality of Pinnow-Heideland was also dissolved, since then Reicherskreuz has been a district of the municipality of Schenkendöbern. A mayor is elected directly in the community.

With these changes, there were also changes in the postcode . Until June 30, 1993 still O-1231 , the village received 15868 on July 1, 1993 , the incorporation to Schenkendöbern brought a new zip code, 03172 .

Reicherskreuzer Heide

Leisure and nature conservation

Most of the Reicherskreuz district is in the Reicherskreuzer Heide and Schwansee nature reserve . The former military training area is largely a heathland that attracts many visitors in August when the heather is in bloom.

Monuments

Historic stone house in Reicherskreuz

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg lists a soil monument and an architectural monument. Is protected

  • No. 120266 Corridor 2,3,5: Cemetery modern times, cemetery German Middle Ages, village core modern times, church modern times, village core German Middle Ages, church German Middle Ages (the entire town center)
  • No. 09125244: Reicherskreuz village church (Reicherskreuz 18a): The half-timbered building from around 1800 was torn down to the foundation walls in 1985/86 and rebuilt. (See also list of architectural monuments in Schenkendöbern )

In addition to the cultural monuments, Reicherskreuz is protected by the "Statute for the Protection of the Reicherskreuz Monument Area".

literature

  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. 454 p., Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0
  • Eisenhüttenstadt and its surroundings (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 45). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1986, p. 133f.
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon for Niederlausitz Volume 1, introduction and overviews. The districts of Luckau, Lübben and Calau. 403 p., Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979 ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (p. 168/9)

Web links

Commons : Reicherskreuz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Müller's Large German Local Book 2012: Complete local dictionary. 33. revised and exp. Ed., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and Boston 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-027420-2 , online at Google Books , p. 1133
  2. ↑ Olaf Juschus: The young moraine south of Berlin - investigations into the young Quaternary landscape development between Unterspreewald and Nuthe. Dissertation, Humboldt University Berlin 2001 ( digitized version )
  3. ^ Lothar Lippstreu: The structure of the Pleistocene in Brandenburg. State Office for Mining, Geology and Raw Materials Brandenburg, 1999 PDF (2.0 MB)
  4. ↑ a b Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon, Niederlausitz, I, p. 183.
  5. ↑ a b Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.13 District Spree-Neisse PDF
  6. ↑ a b Walter De Gruyter Incorporated: Müller's Large German Local Book 2012: Complete Local Lexicon. 33. revised and exp. Online edition at Google Books (p. 1131)
  7. ^ Map collection Brandenburg State Main Archive Potsdam
  8. ↑ dsb: Wužywaŕ: Tlustulimu / Rěcna pomoc
  9. ^ Institute for Sorbian Folk Research in Bautzen: Sorbian Language Atlas. Volume 5, VEB Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1965, p. 46
  10. ↑ hsb: Sćina
  11. ↑ Houwald, Niederlausitzer Rittergüter, III, pp. 275–284
  12. ↑ a b George Adalbert von Mülverstedt : marriage foundations and personal commemorative letters of the knightly families of the provinces of Saxony, Brandenburg, Pomerania and Prussia according to archival sources. F. Baensch, Magdeburg 1863, p. 66
  13. ↑ Winfried Töpler: The Neuzelle Monastery and the secular and spiritual powers 1268-1817. (= Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians. Volume 14). Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-931836-53-3 , p. 379
  14. ^ General genealogical and state handbook. 64th year 1811. 1st volume. Johann Friedrich Wenner, Frankfurt am Main, 1811. Online at Google Books (p. 715)
  15. ↑ G. van den Berg: Luise Queen of Prussia: Dedicated to the German people. Online at Google Books (S.IX)
  16. ^ Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands: prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or Roßdienst and fiefdom. XX, 590 S., Magdeburg, Creutz, 1840 Online at Google Books
  17. ↑ Tim S. Müller: Gosda / Niederlausitz. Waxmann Verlag, Münster, 2011 ISBN 978-3-8309-2618-4 Online at Google Books
  18. ↑ Leopold Freiherr von Zedlitz-Neukirch: New Prussian Adels-Lexicon, or genealogical and diplomatic news of the princely, countless or baronial houses related in the Prussian monarchy or to the same, with the indication of their descent, their property, their coat of arms and of the civil and military figures, heroes, scholars and artists who emerged from them. Fourth volume PZ. Gebrüder Reichenbach, Leipzig 1837 Online at Google Books (p. 302)
  19. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O: compiled from official sources. XXXI, 270 S., Frankfurt ad O., Harnecker, 1844 Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main there link to PDF (p. 170)
  20. ↑ Official Gazette of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O., Extraordinary Supplement to Official Gazette No.41 of October 8, 1856, p. 20
  21. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 673.
  22. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O., Oeffentlicher Anzeiger, No. 5 of January 30, 1856, p. 98.
  23. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. VIII, 716 S., J. Scheu, Berlin 1861. Online at Google Books (p. 639)
  24. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O .: with an attachment, containing personnel statistics of the administrative authorities, offices and organs in the district, dike associations, irrigation corporations, schools, penal and correctional, midwifery, mental health and catering establishments ; i. A. of the Royal Government of Frankfurt a. O. from their statistical bureau from official sources zsgest. XXXII, 346 S., Frankfurt, O., Harnecker, 1867 (p. 193)
  25. ↑ P. Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. I. Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. Berlin, Nicalaische Verlag-Buchhandlung R. Stricker 1879 PDF (p. 238/9)
  26. ^ H. Hoffmann: From the past of Reicherskreuz. In: Guben home calendar. No. 11, year 1966, pp. 104–110
  27. ^ KB Groß Muckrow, Marriages, November 24, 1808
  28. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. 388 S., Berlin, Hayn 1820 (p. 210)
  29. ↑ Dieter Sperling: Niederlausitzer lignite mining in the 19th century: Finding aid Niederlausitzer lignite mines and awards under mining law. 236 pp., Förderverein Kulturlandschaft Niederlausitz, 2005 snippets from Google Books
  30. ↑ Extract from the property market report 2008 Spree-Neisse district (PDF; 351 kB)
  31. ↑ Ordinance on the "Reicherskreuzer Heide und Schwansee" nature reserve of November 23, 1995 (GVBl.II / 95, [No. 71], p. 678)
  32. ↑ Law on the change to improve the district and community boundaries of April 28, 1950 of the People's Chamber of the GDR
  33. ↑ Formation of the office in Schenkendöbern. Announcement of the Minister of the Interior of August 26, 1992. Official Gazette for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 3, Number 81, October 22, 1992, p. 1910/1.
  34. ^ Formation of the new community Pinnow-Heideland. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of December 22, 1998. Official Journal for Brandenburg - Joint Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 10, Number 5, February 9, 1999, p. 72.
  35. ↑ Formation of the new community Schenkendöbern. Announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of July 18, 2002. Official Journal for Brandenburg Common Ministerial Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, Volume 13, 2002, Number 31, July 31, 2002, p. 663 PDF
  36. ↑ Sixth law on state-wide municipal reform concerning the districts of Dahme-Spreewald, Elbe-Elster, Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Oder-Spree and Spree-Neiße (6th GemGebRefGBbg) of March 24, 2003, Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Brandenburg, I ( Laws), 2003, No. 05, p. 93
  37. ↑ Main statutes of the community of Schenkendöbern from September 16, 2014 PDF
  38. ↑ Reicherskreuz, Rychartojce on the side of the Society for Computer Genealogy
  39. ↑ Postcode search by Deutsche Post
  40. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: District Spree-Neiße (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum
  41. ^ Official Journal for the city of Guben and the community of Schenkendöbern, 25th year, No. 5 v. May 8, 2015; previously: Notice by the Reicherskreuz community on December 23, 1993