Mochlitz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mochlitz
community Jamlitz
Coordinates: 52 ° 0 ′ 13 ″  N , 14 ° 20 ′ 3 ″  E
Height : 56 m
Area : 10.85 km²  (as of 1900)
Incorporation : July 1, 1950
Postal code : 15868
Area code : 033671
View into the Mochlitz village street
View into the Mochlitz village street
Mochlitzer Dorfstrasse 6

Mochlitz ( Mochlice in Lower Sorbian ) is an inhabited part of the municipality in the Jamlitz municipality in the Dahme-Spreewald district (Brandenburg). In the late Middle Ages and the early modern period, Mochlitz was a vassal property of the Neuzelle monastery and until 1816 an exclave of the Guben district in the Lübben district.

geography

Mochlitz is only 3 km as the crow flies northeast of Lieberose and about 12 km as the crow flies southeast of Niederlausitz . It is located at the northern end of Lake Radusch . The district of Mochlitz was dissolved with the incorporation into Jamlitz; Mochlitz now belongs to the Jamlitz district. The former district bordered in the north on Trebitz , in the northeast and east on Ullersdorf , in the south on Jamlitz and in the west on Goschen . The Mochlitzer See , which is almost 3 km from the town center, and the Mochlitzer Mill (around 1900) that no longer exist there, also belonged to the former district . Mochlitz can be reached via a small connecting road from Jamlitz from the southeast and via the K 6103, which branches off from the B 168 to the west .

The Lieberoser Mühlenfließ rises northeast of the town center on the former Mochlitz district, flows first to the west and then bends in an east-south-east direction and flows into the Radduschsee. It leaves the Raduschsee at its southern end.

history

The place may have been mentioned for the first time in a list of the Neuzelle monastery from 1416/26 as ? Okalicz . It is certain that it was mentioned in 1557 as Mocklitz. According to Ernst Eichler , the place name could be derived from * moch = moss, but also from a personal name * Moch-l . According to Rudolf Lehmann in the historical local dictionary, the village should originally have been a round village. The history of ownership is poorly documented.

After Rudolf Lehmann, the village came into the possession of the Neuzelle monastery between 1370 and 1429. However, it was given as vassal property. From the middle of the 16th century to the middle of the 17th century it was lent to the von Zabeltitz family. He deduces this ownership history from the fact that Mochlitz was connected with Ullersdorf from the middle of the 17th century, whose ownership history is better documented. After Rudolf Lehmann, Mochlitz was sold to von Schlieben in 1661. However, he does not provide any documentary evidence for this. In a dispute dated October 17, 1666 between several cousins ​​of Schlieben about the loan to Golzig (today Kasel-Golzig ), it is mentioned in passing that Zacharias Otto von Schlieben gave his cousin Joachim Friedrich von Schlieben on Golzig the loan of his “newly purchased property “I took Ullersdorf into the entire hand, and I also wanted to do this with the enfeoffment of the Mochlitz estate. Ullersdorf and Mochlitz were probably only acquired by Zacharias Otto von Schlieben in 1665/6. If Ullersdorf and Mochlitz had already been acquired by Zacharias Otto in 1661, the document from 1666 would certainly no longer speak of a newly purchased property . There is also a note in Georg Schmidt's The von Zabeltitz Family (Zobeltitz) that Ullersdorf was sold by a woman from Zabeltitz to a Rittmeister von Schlieben. The last owners of Mochlitz from the family were the brothers Johann Georg and Joachim Friedrich von Zabeltitz, sons of Anton von Zabeltitz. When the Brandenburg troops were defeated in the Battle of Lyck in the Second Northern War on Michaelmas Day (29 September) 1656, the Brandenburg quartermaster Joachim Friedrich von Zabeltitz was captured by Tatar troops and sold as a slave. If Joachim Friedrich was married, the above note that Ullersdorf was sold by a woman from Zabeltitz to a Rittmeister von Schlieben could apply. From these vague references that Mochlitz was sold together with Ullersdorf to von Schlieben, R. Lehmann now concludes in the historical local dictionary that Mochlitz, like Ullersdorf, was owned by von Zabeltitz as early as the second half of the 16th century. However, Houwald found no evidence of this ownership history in relation to Mochlitz.

Zacharias Otto was one of the three sons of Zacharias von Schlieben auf Rutzko ( Rutzkau , part of the municipality of Bronkow ). His mother was Felicia von Stutterheim. The brother Adam Christian had died around 1650/1, the third brother was called Caspar Loth. His sisters were Felicia Magdalena, married to Georg von Zschertwitz auf Briesen and Tornow and Anna Catharina, married to Caspar von Leipzig (er) auf Herbersdorf (today part of the municipality of Niederer Fläming ) since August 8, 1651 . Zacharias Otto had already sold the Rutzkau estate to Hans Christoph von Muschen (or Mosch) in 1653 with the consent of his brother Caspar Loth. His brother Caspar Loth, on the other hand, bought the Reicherskreuz estate in 1664/6 . The new owner of Ullersdorf (and Mochlitz) was married to Margarethe Elisabeth von Petersdorf. She was the daughter of Joachim von Petersdorf, who owned half of Groß Drewitz (district of Schenkendöbern). Zacharias Otto had two sons, Georg Friedrich and Johann Zacharias, as well as several daughters, not known by name. In 1670 he bought half of the village of Groß Drewitz from his father-in-law. Mochlitz is said to have been sold again to von Zabeltitz from 1671 to 1674 (after R. Lehmann). Houwald, on the other hand, found no evidence of a renewed possession of the von Zabeltitz in Mochlitz. He assumes that this was probably only done as a pledge or that the property was in a form that was not in accordance with the law of feud. Zacharias Otto died on February 23, 1675 and was buried in Grano . According to R. Lehmann Mochlitz should then later have come from 1685 in the possession of the von Schönermark. He remains silent about the owners in the meantime (1674 to 1685). However, Houwald assumes that Mochlitz was probably only sold by the son of Zacharias Otto, Hans Zacharias von Schlieben, because his father Zacharias Otto had died in 1675. In 1692 he was certified that he had been in war service on the Rhine for five years and that he was indispensable. He had therefore not been able to comply with the loan in full for Golzig and Oderin in time, but was pardoned after paying 50 thalers. In 1697 he was promoted to lieutenant, in 1698 to captain, and he eventually made it to colonel. After the heirless death of Joachim Friedrich von Schlieben, Golzig finally fell to him. However, this was followed by a process of succession with the other fiefs, which lasted until 1743.

Houwald only found a feudal letter dated October 5, 1690 for Hans Caspar von Schönermark about the Ullersdorf and Mochlitz estate. Nothing is said in the deed about the previous owner, ie that it was more likely to be a re-loan. Hans Caspar, born on January 7, 1631 in Hartmannsdorf, was first married to Polixena Elisabeth von Löben, with whom he had four children, the sons of Hans Caspar the Elder. J., Cuno Ernst, Hans Adam (1679–1753) and Sofie Eleonore (* 1677). In 1682 he married Elisabeth Gertraud von Stutterheim, daughter of Georg von Stutterheim and Margaretha Barbara von Schönfeld on Werben . In 1662 Sigismund the Elder had J. von Schönfeld had to sell Ernstens Hof in Werben to his brother-in-law Georg von Stutterheim. Hans Caspar the Elder Ä. had a brother Alexander von Schönermark on Hohenahlsdorf . Hans Caspar the Elder Ä. died February 18, 1714; the double tombstone for him and his wife Elisabeth Gertraud is placed in the church in Trebitz . He left behind the two sons of Hans Caspar the Elder. J. and Hans Adam, who concluded an inheritance settlement in 1714, after which Mochlitz went to Hans Adam, Ullersdorf to Hans Caspar the Elder. In 1727 Mochlitz belonged to Hans Adam von Schönermark. The two had a sister Ursula Elisabeth (1688–1768), who was married to Siegmund Ernst von Karras on Jetsch (today a district of Kasel-Golzig ). Hans Adam was married to Eva Christine von Karras, the brother of Siegmund Ernst von Karras, who was married to his sister Ursula Elisabeth. Another sister of the two Karras was Hedwig Sofie, who married Ernst Friedrich von Schönermark, the son of Alexander von Schönermark on Hohenahlsdorf. Hans Adam von Schönermark auf Mochlitz had three sons from his marriage to Eva Christine von Karras, Erdmann Heinrich, the early deceased Hans Siegmund and an NN., Who was the father of August Wilhelm von Schönermark, and a sister Johanna Christiane, who was Johann Gottlob von Karras from the Schenkendorf family. This marriage remained childless and Johann Gottlob von Karras fell as a lieutenant from Electoral Saxony in the battle of Kesselsdorf in 1745 . Hans Caspar the Elder J. died on May 5, 1740 without a physical heir; Ullersdorf therefore fell to his nephews Erdmann Heinrich von Schönermark and August Wilhelm von Schönermark (Schönnermark). The latter is proven later on Hohenahlsdorf. He was married to Caroline von Weisse, with whom he had a son Ludwig Carl Constantin, who later went to Austria. Erdmann Heinrich von Schönermark (born August 27, 1708 in Mochlitz) now received Ullersdorf. He had married Eva Caroline Johanna Sophia von Thümmel on November 7, 1741 in Trebitz. He also owned the Linderode estate (now Lipinki Łużyckie , Powiat Żarski , Poland).

The Mochlitz estate went to the sister of Erdmann Heinrich, Johanna Christine married. from Karras. She apparently lived in Lieberose after the death of her husband Johann Gottlob von Karras in 1745 and died there on February 14, 1752. In 1748 she had sold Mochlitz for 9,000 thalers to Georg Anton Graf von der Schulenburg and owner of the Lieberose class . However, he did not act as a buyer himself, but named Johanna Christine's brother, Erdmann Heinrich von Schönermark, as the buyer. As he later stated, he was unable to act as a buyer because of “certain concerns” that are unfortunately not known. The mayor Michael Heym from Lieberos and the court judge Martin Christoph Geras (Karras) were also elected. Georg Anton Graf von der Schulenburg wanted to take over the fief himself in 1776. But the heirs of court judge Geras / Karras refuse to give his consent. This was followed by a process, which the Geras / Karras heirs lost. In 1778 Georg Anton von der Schulenburg was able to take over the Mochlitz estate himself. He died on December 6, 1778 in Lieberose. Since Mochlitz did not belong to the majorate (rulership Lieberose, Zickosche goods, Lamsfeldsche goods), Mochlitz fell to Carl Ernst Georg Graf von Podewils together with shares from Mittweide and Schuhlen . This sold Mochlitz on November 9th, 1779 to the captain Ernst Sigismund von Mosch on Kunersdorf (today a district of the municipality Rietz-Neuendorf , district Oder-Spree). The purchase was confirmed by the monastery on May 2, 1780. Ernst Sigismund von Mosch had already acquired the Ullersdorf estate from Erdmann Heinrich von Schönermark in 1775 for 16,000 thalers and 200 thalers for key money. The state elder and captain Ernst Abraham von Stutterheim on Wiese and Hans Heinrich Ludwig von Winterfeld on Krayne and Lübbinchen were also enfeoffed .

Ernst Sigismund von Mosch was born on June 30, 1724 in Altdorf (Sagan district). He died on June 11, 1787 in Berlin, his two sons Carl Ernst Gottlob and August Sigismund Leberecht (* March 24, 1775 Cunersdorf ; † July 24, 1842 in Bagenz , Spremberg district) were minors at that time. Therefore, her guardian Hans Heinrich Ludwig von Winterfeld applied for indult (postponement) until he came of age. On April 8, 1797, Carl Ernst Gottlob was enfeoffed with Ullersdorf and Mochlitz, and finally August Sigismund Leberecht on June 27, 1797. On January 21, 1797, however, they had already signed the purchase contract to sell the two goods to the court judge Johann Friedrich Wiesener, who was court judge of Schulenburg. Wiesener seems to have sold Mochlitz to Dietrich Ernst Otto Albrecht von der Schulenburg on Lieberose that same year . It apparently remained with the Lieberose rulership; there it is listed by the topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O. for the year 1818. On the other hand, the topographical-statistical survey of the administrative district of Frankfurth ad O. from 1844 (year 1840) names a certain judge in Lieberose as the owner of Mochlitz. According to Berghaus, this CF judge has been the owner of Mochlitz since around 1830. In contrast, this judge is described in the official gazette of the administrative district of Frankfurt ad O. from 1856 as a landowner, princely chief magistrate and domain tenant judge in Lieberose . In the topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. from 1867 (year 1864) the owner is referred to as Oberamtmann Richter zu Göritz in the Sternberg district. Riehl is also the owner of Richter. The general address book from 1879 names the royal chief bailiff Richter zu Göritz (today Górzyca , Powiat Słubicki , Poland) as the owner . In the property handbook from 1885, the owner is listed for the first time with his first name as Carl Richter, and his place of residence is now more precisely Frauendorf near Göritz in the Weststernberg district. The manor was 165 hectares in size at the time. R. Lehmann, however, states that Mochlitz remained in the possession of the von der Schulenburg until the 20th century. In 1907, Lieberose property was actually still mentioned. It was about 800 hectares of forest and 50 hectares of water. While the manor had been sold with the arable land, the forest ownership remained with the Lieberose class.

Excerpts from the original table sheets 3951 Trebatsch and 3952 Groß Muckrow combined. At the top left of the picture is the Mochlitz Mill
Population development from 1818 to 2002
year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946
Residents 86 85 111 112 105 108 82 129

The village of Mochlitz

In 1708 there were only two kossa families living in Mochlitz . The village had an estimate of 500 guilders. In 1723, three Büdner were added to the two Kossäts . In the Schmettauschen map series from 1767/87, the Mochlitz mill is drawn northwest of Mochlitz on the Lieberoser Mühlenfließ, and a windmill is only a short distance away. The Mochlitz grinding mill (so called around 1900) is called a colony. The (old) watermill still existed around 1900, but the windmill has disappeared. In 1790, the Mochlitzers had to send their children to school in Ullersdorf; Ullersdorf already had a permanent schoolmaster. In 1793 five Freihäusler are mentioned. In 1809 two cottagers and six cottagers or Büdner lived in Mochlitz. In 1818 there were 16 “fire places” and 81 inhabitants. The Mochlitz watermill with a fireplace and five residents is listed separately. In 1840 there are now 16 residential buildings in which 76 people lived. The place is called "village with a watermill". Berghaus (1855) mentions a water mill and a Dutch windmill for Mochlitz. The manor district had a size of 3818  acres , while the rural field mark was only 271 acres. However, it can be assumed that the Dutch windmill is erroneously listed here. It is also not recorded in the original table sheet from 1846 and is not mentioned in any other source. In 1864 there were 21 houses in Mochlitz, in which 104 people lived. The watermill was owned by a certain Sagittarius. The Mochlitz Forestry Department was established by 1900. In the topographic map 1: 25,000 sheet 3952 Groß Muckrow, a park is drawn on the east bank of Lake Radusch . In 1929 the Mochlitz manor district was dissolved and incorporated into the community. After the Second World War , the Agricultural Production Cooperative (LPG) Heideland was founded in Mochlitz . The seat of the district forester's office in Mochlitz is today in the castle courtyard in Lieberose. The Jamlitz-Mochlitz hunting association has kept the small town in its name.

Sign in the castle courtyard in Lieberose

Church affiliation

The place has no church and was always parish to the country church in Lieberose .

Political Affiliation

Mochlitz was a vassal property of the Neuzelle monastery; the place was therefore an exclave of the Guben district in the Krummspreeischen district (also called Lübbenscher district) and only came to the district of Lübben with the district reform of 1816 . On July 1, 1950, it was incorporated into Jamlitz, the district was combined with the district of Jamlitz. In the district reform of 1952 Mochlitz came to the district Beeskow , who after the fall of 1990, in the district Beeskow has been renamed. In the course of the formation of offices in the state of Brandenburg, Jamlitz merged with 13 other municipalities and the city of Lieberose to form the Lieberose office . In 1993, the county Beeskow, together with the districts Eisenhüttenstadt country and Fürstenwalde the Oder-Spree district merged. Jamlitz had been separated and came to the new district of Dahme-Spreewald. On October 26, 2003, Leeskow and Ullersdorf were incorporated into the Jamlitz community. Since then Mochlitz has only had the status of a part of the municipality of Jamlitz, i.e. H. without its own local advisory board. At the same time, the Lieberose office was merged with the Oberspreewald office to form the Lieberose / Oberspreewald office , which has since taken care of the administrative business of the Jamlitz community.

supporting documents

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 2, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855, p. 603 ( online at Google Books ) (in the following abbreviated Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 (hereinafter abbreviated. Houwald, Rittergüter, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921-254-96-5 (hereinafter abbreviated Historisches Ortlexikon Niederlausitz, 1 with corresponding page number).
  • Winfried Töpler : The Neuzelle monastery and the secular and spiritual powers 1268-1817. (= Studies on the history, art and culture of the Cistercians. Volume 14). Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-931836-53-3 (hereinafter abbreviated to Töpler, Neuzelle Monastery with corresponding page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry “Mochlice” in the Lower Sorbian place name database on dolnoserbski.de
  2. ↑ Ernst Eichler: The place names of Niederlausitz. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 79.
  3. ↑ a b c d Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1, pp. 206/7.
  4. ^ Georg Schmidt: The family von Zabeltitz (Zobeltitz). Rathenow 1888, p. 163.
  5. ↑ Houwald, Rittergüter, 3, pp. 231–239.
  6. ↑ Martin Ernst von Schlieffen: News from some houses of the family von Schlieffen or Schlieben before the age of Slivin or Slivingen. Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerey, Cassel 1784, online at Google Books
  7. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Houwald: The Niederlausitzer manors and their owners. Volume VII: Kottbus district. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Manfred Dreiss, Neustadt an der Aisch 2001, ISBN 3-7686-4206-2 , p. 233.
  8. ↑ Georg Dehio (editor Gerhard Vinken and others): Handbook of the German Art Monuments Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2000, ISBN 3-422-03054-9 .
  9. ↑ Töpler, Neuzelle Monastery, p. 378.
  10. ^ Archives for kin research and all related areas. Volume 14, CA Starke 1937, p. 192 snippets from Google Books
  11. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 212.
  12. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844, online at Google Books , p. 172.
  13. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 540.
  14. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O. Extraordinary supplement to Official Journal No. 41 of October 8, 1856, p. 20 Online at Google Books
  15. ↑ a b Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt / Oder 1867, online at Google Books, p. 200.
  16. ↑ a b Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 636.
  17. ^ Paul Ellerholz: Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche: with details of all goods, their quality, their size (in culture type), their net income from property tax; their owners, tenants, administrators etc .; of industries; Postal stations; Breeding of special cattle, exploitation of the livestock etc. According to official and authentic sources; 1: The Kingdom of Prussia, 1: Province of Brandenburg. 2., verb. Ed., Nicolai, Berlin 1885.
  18. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  19. ↑ Töpler, Neuzelle Monastery, p. 267.
  20. ↑ a b Berghaus, Landbuch 3, p. 535.
  21. ^ Resolution of the Prussian State Ministry on the dissolution of the manor districts of September 30, 1929. In: Official Journal of the Frankfurt / Oder Government. Special edition of Sept. 30, 1929, p. 202 f.
  22. ↑ Animal breeding. Volume 17, VEB Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1963 Snippets from Google Books
  23. ↑ Jamlitz-Mochlitz Hunting Association ( Memento from January 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  24. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder. No. 12 of March 20, 1816, online at Google Books , p. 107.

Web links

Commons : Mochlitz  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files