Sarkow (Friedland)

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Sarcov
City of Friedland
Coordinates: 52 ° 4 ′ 52 ″  N , 14 ° 13 ′ 16 ″  E
Height : 44 m above sea level NN
Incorporation : April 1, 1939
Incorporated into: Leißnitz
Postal code : 15848
Area code : 033676
The Sarkow residential area on Urmes table sheet 3951 Trebatsch from 1849

Sarkow ( Žarkow in Lower Sorbian ) is a residential area in the Leißnitz district of the non-governmental city of Friedland in the Oder-Spree district ( Brandenburg ). Sarkow was an independent municipality until it was incorporated into Leißnitz in 1939. In the late Middle Ages and early modern times , Sarkow was a fiefdom of the von Sternberg family, who lived in Bohemia .

geography

Sarkow is located on a rounded peninsula that protrudes into the Schwielochsee , about 4 km southwest of the core city of Friedland. The (former) district bordered in the northwest on Glowe , in the north on Leißnitz and in the east on the core town Friedland. The directly adjoining Schwielochsee in the south belongs entirely to the municipality of Schwielochsee . In the east, the Dammmühlenfließ formed the boundary for a short stretch.

The place can be reached via the K6715 from Glowe, and via two smaller roads directly from Leißnitz and the core town of Friedland. The highest point is a nameless hill north of the place, which is 57 m high.

history

The place was first mentioned in 1598 as Sarko . At that time it belonged to the von Hobegk family (Hobeck, Howegk, Hohbeck and similar spellings) and was a Sternberg fief, alongside Leeskow , Reicherskreuz and the Lieberose dominion .

Sarkow was a fief of the von Sternberg family in Bohemia. Allegedly Aleš Holický and Zdeněk von Sternberg ceded their Pürglitz castle to King Ladislaus in 1454 and received the rights of the castle and town of Cottbus in return . Since the two Sternberg could but does not take possession of Cottbus, they should then substitute the manors Leeskow and Sarkow and the rule Lieberose have received in return. So far there are no references to sources for this representation in relation to the two manors. Since the Lieberose lordship, usually always referred to in connection with Leeskow, Reicherskreuz and Sarkow, came under the overlordship of the Sternberg family in 1477, the Sternbergs' feudal lordship over Leeskow, Reicherskreuz and Sarkow could also go back to the 15th century.

During the Peace of Prague and the transfer of Lower Lusatia to the Electorate of Saxony in 1635, the Sternberg family secured the recognition of feudal sovereignty over the dominions of Lieberose, Leeskow, Reicherskreuz and Sarkow.

According to Rudolf Lehmann, Sarkow is said to have originally been a round village . The Schmettausche map from 1767/87 shows a short two-row village . The Urmes table sheet does not show a round village either, but a rectangular village with an irregular distribution of the houses, mostly belonging to the manor. In 1708 a Kossät and a Büdner were resident in Sarkow, in 1718 a Kossät and a Häusler . The village had an estimate of 400  florins . In 1755 the village had 31 inhabitants. The average harvest was (in new Dresden bushels ): 166½ grain, 42¾ barley, 27 oats, 6½ peas, 2¼ hops and 2¾ flax. In 1809 a Kossät and two cottagers lived in Sarkow. In 1823 there were again only one Kossät and one Büdner. However, the residents of the manor are not included in these figures. According to the topographical-statistical overview, the village had five fireplaces (= households, houses) and 38 residents. In 1844 there were six fireplaces and 47 residents. The Urmes table sheet 3951 Trebatsch from 1846 lists old vineyards southwest of the town on the banks of the Schwielochsee. In the eastern part of the old district there is a wooden shelf on the shore of the Schwielochsee. Inexplicably, the population figures differ in the historical local dictionary and the historical municipality directory . The latter figures are therefore put in brackets.

Population development from 1818 to 1933

year 1818 1846 1871 1875 1890 1900 1910 1925 1933
Residents 38 45 51 (101) 80 35 (85) 64 (116) (79)

In 1598 the village and manor Sarkow was owned by von Hobegk, a family that was mainly resident in the lords of Beeskow and Storkow . According to Ernst Heinrich Kneschke , the von Hobecks are said to have been owned by Garcko as early as 1579 , which can only be a typo for Sarkow. Around 1600 a Johann von Hobegk was sitting on Sarkow. He was married to a daughter of Jobst von Schapelow auf Stremmen . In 1641 Joachim Ludwig von Hobegk took the feudal oath over the Sarkow manor. He was married to a daughter of Wolf von Pannewitz and Anna Maria von Ponikau von Klein Gaglow ( Kolkwitz municipality , Spree-Neisse district ). In 1687 Joachim Heinrich von Hobegk took the feudal oath. In 1723 Sarkow belonged to Gottlob Erdmann von Hobegk. According to Götz Freiherr von Houwald , Georg Anton von der Schulenburg acquired Sarkow in 1735 (or because of the order confused for 1753?), Which does not fit into the ownership sequence. In the description of the village by Houwald, however, this acquisition is not mentioned. In 1763 the brothers Gottlob Ernst and Wilhelm Friedrich, sons of Gottlob Erdmann von Hobegk, took the feudal oath. In 1801 a von Howey sat on Sarkow, who also owned the village of Glowe . In a different context Bratring writes of the "von Hobeck zu Glowe".

Ernst von Howeg died in 1812 and Sarkow fell to Dietrich Ernst Otto Albrecht and Friedrich Ferdinand Bernhard Achatz von der Schulenburg, who immediately sold the estate to Johann Simon August Wollkopf in 1812. In the new land register , a certain Bukatsch is listed as the owner of Sarkow for 1828. Rudolf Lehmann in the historical local dictionary already names a Bethge for 1840. The topographical-statistical overview lists Jacob Bethge as the owner of the manor for 1840. As early as 1841, the district and city court assessor Schramm was assigned the patrimonial court of Sarkow. Friedrich Baath Sarkow had been a man's fief since 1852 . According to Berghaus, the manor was 805 acres in size. As early as 1856 the estate had passed into the possession of Wilhelm Otto, who is also named as owner for 1864. The general address book of manors and landowners in the German Empire also states Wilhelm Otto as the owner for 1879. In 1885 Friedrich Mack is the owner of the Sarkow manor. By 1901 at the latest, Sarkow became the property of Johannes Müller, who converted the estate into a seed breeding company. The company was active until at least 1928. After 1945 the estate was converted into a provincial estate.

Church organization

Sarkow was originally part of the Wendish church in Friedland, together with Günthersdorf , Leißnitz , Lindow , Weichensdorf and Zeust .

Sights, leisure and nature conservation

The manor house was rebuilt around 1910 by the then owner of Sarkow Johannes Müller. During the GDR period it was a company holiday camp, later also a restaurant, and is now a private residence. It has been completely renovated in recent years. There are still three barns and parts of the former surrounding wall on the former estate.

Today Sarkow is purely a residential area with a large bungalow settlement in which there are also holiday apartments for rent. There is a sailing club with club grounds and a small harbor facility on the southeastern tip of the Sarcov Peninsula.

In the east, the Dammühlenfließ nature reserve extends to the former district of Sakrow.

supporting documents

literature

  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. 454 p., Neustadt an der Aisch, Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, 1984 ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 (hereinafter abbreviated to Houwald, Rittergüter, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon for Niederlausitz. Volume 1: Introduction and Overviews. The districts of Luckau, Lübben and Calau. Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 , p. 219

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry “Žarkow” in the Lower Sorbian place name database on dolnoserbski.de
  2. ^ Association for Numismatics in Prague (President: Leopold Ritter von Sacher-Masoch): Description of the previously known Bohemian private coins and medals. Published by the association, Prague 1852, online at Google Books , p. 616
  3. ↑ Josef Neumann: Description of the previously known Bohemian private coins and medals. III. Department of coins of cities and towns. 28th issue, Verlag des Verfassers, Prague 1870, online at Google Books , p. 628
  4. ↑ a b Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon für die Niederlausitz Volume 1, p. 219.
  5. ↑ a b Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald, PDF
  6. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German Adels Lexicon. Volume 4: (Graffen - Kalau v. Kalheim). Verlag von Friedrich Voigt, Leipzig 1863, online at Google Books , p. 387
  7. ↑ Houwald, Rittergüter, 3, p. 191.
  8. ↑ Götz Freiherr v. Houwald: The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume VII: Kottbus district. 278 p., Neustadt an der Aisch, Verlag Degener & Co., owner Manfred Dreiss, 2001 ISBN 3-7686-4206-2 , p. 86.
  9. ^ Houwald, Rittergüter, 3, p. 163.
  10. ↑ Houwald, Rittergüter, 3, pp. 285–286.
  11. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Volume 2: Containing the Mittelmark and Ukermark. Maurer, Berlin 1805, online at Google Books , p. 442 (under Glowe)
  12. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring: Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg. Volume 1: The general introduction to Kurmark, containing the Altmark and Prignitz. Maurer, Berlin 1804, online at Google Books , p. 44
  13. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: Contains, among other things: The Sarkow estate was taken into possession by the brothers Dietrich Ernst Otto Albrecht and Friedrich Ferdinand Bernhard Achatz von der Schulenburg after the owner Ernst von Howeg's death, 1812. - Sale of the Sarkow estate to Johann Simon August Wollkopf, 1812.
  14. ^ Carl von Eickstedt: Contributions to a newer land book of the Brandenburg brands. Prelates, knights, cities, fiefdoms, or horse service and fiefdom. Creutz, Magdeburg 1840, online at Google Books (p. 509)
  15. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Harnecker, Frankfurt ad O. 1844, University Library Frankfurt am Main there link to PDF , p. 170
  16. ↑ New Lusatian Magazine . Volume 19, Görlitz 1841, News from Lusatia. P. 23, online at Google Books
  17. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the manors represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Berlin 1857, p. 112
  18. ^ A b Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century. Volume 3, printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1856, p. 673.
  19. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad O. Extraordinary supplement to Official Journal No. 41 of October 8, 1856, p. 20
  20. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Harnecker, Frankfurt O. 1867, p. 193
  21. ↑ P. Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of the manor and estate owners in the German Empire. I. Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , pp. 238–239
  22. ↑ Annette Meyer, Rudolf Vogel: Red List for Endangered Cultivated Plants in Germany. Options for action and selected case studies from the Brandenburg region. Appendix 9 Historical breeding activities in Brandenburg. Technical articles by the State Environment Agency, Issue 100, Potsdam 2006, PDF
  23. ^ Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv: Online research: correspondence, reports and instructions on the management of the provincial estates Pretschen and Sarkow. 1945-1950
  24. ↑ Ingrid Reisinger, Walter Reisinger: Well-known, unknown and forgotten manor houses and manor houses in the state of Brandenburg. An inventory. Volume 1, Stapp Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-87776-082-6 , p. 254