Le Duchat de Dorville

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Le Duchat de Dorville was / is a noble family from Champagne , near Troyes .

In the Middle Ages the city became one of the strongholds of the Huguenots . Parts of the family fled to Metz in 1572 during the wars of religion - Bartholomew's Night (also known as the Parisian Blood Wedding) . After King Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes on October 18, 1685 , part of the family fled to Berlin to the Huguenot colony there. The family members born there later became officers or civil servants. On March 25, 1704, the family was ennobled this time by Friedrich I. In 1835, the last male bearer of the name of the family of le Duchat de Dorville in Berlin died. Name bearers have been preserved in France.

Origins of the le Duchat de Dorville family

The French village of Dorville is close to Faulquemont , about four miles from Metz . Montigny lies above Metz. Charly-Oradour on the right bank of the Moselle towards Thionville , Dommange-ville between Orville and Metz on the Nied river. In the first documents of the place Orville a Claude le Duchant and his son Claude, the younger, from 1538 are mentioned. From April 6, 1540 a patent by Franz I (France) , which grants them the land and rule of Myri.

The other sons of Gédéon le Duchat (1) stayed in Nancy and became Catholics again. A grandson in particular became Marquis de Rurange. 1814 is still a lieutenant commander of Nancy name bearer.

Gédéon (2) le Duchat, Sieur de Dorville (NN – 1645)

One of the sons of this Gédéon, also called Gédéon (2), first bears the name Dorville. His marriage certificate of September 26, 1640 says: Mr. Gédéon le Duchat, Sieur de Dorville, Captain-Lieutenant in the Regiment d´Houdancourt, son of the deceased Gédéon le Duchat, Seigneur de Charly. He died on August 3, 1645 at the Battle of Alerheim from ten major injuries. Alerheim is a Bavarian village on the Ries, between Donauwörth and Oettingen in Bavaria . Franco-Weimar-Hessian army and Bavarian-imperial troops fought here under the commander-in-chief of the imperial-Bavarian army of the Catholic League in the Thirty Years War Franz von Mercy , which fell here. The very costly battle ended in a French-Allied victory. The victorious Duke d'Enghien Louis II. De Bourbon, prince de Condé , the later Grand Condé, and Marshal Turenne Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne, had bought the victory with terrible losses. Militarily, this battle was a Pyrrhic victory for France , which brought no decision as France was unable to advance further into Bavaria. However, this stalemate meant that the peace negotiations were ultimately accelerated and continued. The village of Alerheim was so badly devastated that its reconstruction was only finished after 70 years.

Gédéon (3) le Duchat de Dorville (1642–1676)

Gédéon (2) le Duchat de Dorville left behind a son Gedeon (3), born on June 30, 1642, baptized on October 5, 1642. King Louis XIV appointed this Gedeon (3) lieutenant on March 24, 1668 March 1672 to major and on January 25, 1675 to captain in the regiment of Marshal Turenne. He married on May 3, 1675, still during the war. His warlord Marshal Turenne commanded the army on the Lower Rhine against the imperial and Brandenburgers in the war against Holland in 1672. In 1673 he forced the Great Elector to sign the Treaty of Vossem (June 16, 1673), but was then pushed back by Ernesto Montecuccoli . In 1674 Marshal Turenne crossed the Rhine near Philippsburg , on June 16, defeated the Duke of Lorraine, Duke of Lorraine Charles IV. At the battle of Sinsheim, and conquered the entire Palatinate, which he completely devastated. After defeating Alexander de Bournonville near Enzheim on October 4th , he evacuated Alsace, but drove the allies out of this country again at the beginning of 1675, crossed the Rhine and met the imperial family under Ernesto Montecuccoli near Sasbach in July . But before the battle broke out, Turenne was killed by a cannonball on July 27, 1675 during a reconnaissance of the terrain. Gedeon (3) was also seriously injured and succumbed to his two serious injuries in Colmar / Alsace during the winter campaign of Marshal Turenne.

Gédéon (4) le Duchat de Dorville (1676–1750)

After the death of Gédéon (3) le Duchat, Sieur de Dorville (1642–1676) on January 26, 1676, he was posthumously born with a son Gedeon (4). After the repeal of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV. His mother fled with him from France to Berlin and settled in the local French colony. At the age of 27, on March 5, 1703, the son became captain in the Holstein regiment and in 1704 major in the Wittgenstein Dragoons under the command of the nefarious August David zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein . On March 25, 1704, Friedrich I gave Major Leduchat de Dorville a diploma in recognition of his nobility. In 1706 he became a lieutenant colonel and in 1711 a colonel in the Pannwitzer Dragoons during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714). In 1714, at the age of 38, he said goodbye.

Coat of arms according to the Prussian nobility letter from 1704

In the silver shield they lead five Carreux standing side by side with their tips pointing upwards. The helmet is covered with a five-pearl baron's crown and decorated with two ostrich feathers laid down on each side.

Goods Galn, Mietgendorf and Wahlsdorf in the Teltow district of the Mark Brandenburg

He owned the goods Galn, Mietgendorf and Wahlsdorf (Dahme / Mark) in the Teltow district of the Mark Brandenburg .

Real estate in Berlin, Leipziger Strasse 3, formerly Voss'sches Palais

In 1740 he bought the palace in Berlin, built for Christian Friedrich von Aschersleben in 1735 at Leipziger Strasse 3. Gédéon (4) le Duchat de Dorville died on May 25, 1750 at the age of 74. 1761 sold his heirs, the palace of Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky that here in Leipziger Strasse 3 with the neighboring plot 4, the 1735-1737 Heinrich von der Groeben built Palais Groeben, a porcelain factory was built that from 1763 as Royal Porcelain Factory, Berlin continued has been. In 1856 the state acquired the building to house the manor house of the Prussian parliament. The Reichstag of the North German Confederation also met there from 1867 to 1870. In 1898, the buildings at Leipziger Strasse 3 and 4 were demolished to make way for the new Prussian manor house . The Federal Council , a constitutional body of the Federal Republic of Germany, has been located here since 2000 .

Jean Louis le Duchat de Dorville (1714–1770)

1. Marriage of Jean Louis le Duchat de Dorville (1714–1770)

From the first marriage of Jean Louis de Dorville / Johann Ludwig von Dorville came two daughters and a son. One daughter was married to Major von Jariges, son of Philipp Joseph von Jariges , the other daughter to the Dutch general Duttan de Vence. Jean Louis von Dorville (1714–1770) was first district administrator, then head of the French senior management and secret tribunal council, in 1763 President of the Supreme Court and in 1764 Minister of State and Justice as well as head of the Reformed Church Department.

2. Marriage of Jean Louis le Duchat de Dorville (1714–1770)

In his second marriage, the Royal Minister of State Jean Louis de Dorville / Johann Ludwig von Dorville (1714-1770) was married to Henriette Charlotte de Béville. She was the daughter of Henry de Chenevix de Béville and Suzanne Baroness de Montolieu St. Hippolyte de Caton, Gard, Languedoc-Roussillon From this second marriage came his only daughter Susanne Sophie Marie Louise le Duchat von Dorville (born July 19, 1756 Berlin, † September 2, 1808 Golssen Castle). On May 13, 1776, she married Behrendt Friedrich August von der Marwitz (1740–1793), 16 years her senior , royal chamberlain, former court marshal of Prince Ferdinand, brother of King Frederick II and from 1786 court marshal King Friedrich Wilhelm II (Prussia) . The couple had 5 children:

  1. Friedrich August Ludwig von der Marwitz (born May 29, 1777, † December 6, 1837), royal Prussian lieutenant general and politician, master of Gut Friedersdorf . He was born in the former Palais Marschall , a noble palace on Wilhelmstrasse (Berlin-Mitte) . It was later also called Voss'sches Palais. Here the son was baptized by the famous provost Johann Joachim Spalding of the Nikolaikirche . Friedrich August Ludwig von der Marwitz (1777–1837) achieved military fame in 1806–1815.
  2. Christian Gustav Alexander von der Marwitz (born October 4, 1787 Berlin, † February 11, 1814, killed in the battle of Montmirail )
  3. Anton Eberhard Konstantin von der Marwitz (born December 2, 1790, † October 9, 1809, killed near Aspern (near Vienna ))
  4. Caroline Albertine Luise von der Marwitz (* August 19, 1792; † February 23, 1857), married. with Gustav Adolph von Rochus (1792–1847) Prussian Minister of the Interior, previously lady-in-waiting to Princess Marianne of Prussia, née Maria Anna Amalie von Hessen-Homburg (1785–1846), wife of Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783–1851) , youngest brother of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. of Prussia .

Real estate in Berlin, Pariser Platz 2, until 1787

The house in the southwest corner of Pariser Platz, formerly Im Quarree, with number 2 was originally known as Dorville's house. From 1787 it was taken over by State Minister Friedrich Anton von Heynitz , and from 1806 the palace belongs to Franz Ludwig Fürst von Hatzfeld. In 1816 the palace was opened to the 74-year-old Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht v. Blücher Prince v. Wahl instead of being given for his services in the Wars of Liberation . In 1869–71 the house is rebuilt and extended. The obtuse-angled west wing of the building at Königgrätzer Strasse 140 limited the space in front of the Brandenburg Gate . It was considered the largest apartment building in Berlin. Blücher's heirs lived here until 1921. In 1931 the house burns down. Valuable works of art by the former main tenant Guido Henckel von Donnersmarck were lost . The Upper Silesian high aristocrat was one of the richest residents of Prussia. The USA bought the house in 1931, restored the building in 1938 and moved into it in 1939 as the US embassy in the German Reich. It was largely destroyed in the Second World War. In 2008, the new building for the United States Embassy in Berlin was inaugurated at the same location.

There was another house Dorville'sches Haus in Berlin at Leipziger Strasse 3, which later became the seat of the Royal Porcelain Manufactory in Berlin , then the Prussian mansion and from 2000 the seat of the Federal Council , a constitutional body of the Federal Republic of Germany .

Real estate Gut Kerzendorf in the Teltow district, from 1756

He owned the Kerzendorf estate in the Teltow district and died there in 1770. Kerzendorf originally belonged to the so-called Brandenburg fiefs of the Lords of Zossen, who had them as fiefs from the Brandenburg margraves. Before 1523, the von Schlieben family (noble family) was able to acquire half of the village. This share came into the possession of those from Schlabrendorf zu Beuthen Castle in 1523. After the defeat of the rule it came to the von Schlabrendorf in Siethen . In 1752 they were also able to acquire the other half. But in 1756 they sold the whole village to Johannes Ludovicus le Duchat de Dorville. A sandstone epitaph for Johann Ludovicus le Duchat de Dorville († 1770) has been preserved in the old church of Kerzendorf to this day. So he has only enjoyed ownership for 14 years. The inscription that his son had chiseled in shows a ruffled curtain held by three putti. Below is a double coat of arms and a skull. In 1763 King Frederick II set up a special court for bankruptcy in the merchant class in the "current great revolution" under the chairmanship of Jean Louis le Duchat de Dorville (1714–1770), President of the Court of the French Ecclesiastical Community.

Louis of Orville (Louis le Duchat de Dorville) (1745–1801)

First marriage of Ludwig von Orville / Louis de Dorville (1745–1801)

He concluded his first marriage with Elisabeth Sophie Dorothea Wilhelmine Amalia von Schwerin (born November 3, 1749 in Berlin, † October 27, 1787 in Berlin), a sister of General Count Friedrich August Leopold Carl Graf von Schwerin (born December 11, 1750 in Berlin; † September 16, 1836 in Berlin).

Last male Berlin offspring of the le Duchat de Dorville family, † 1835

This son was initially served in the Gensdarmes regiment . It was the most famous and most exclusive Prussian cavalry regiment. From 1805 to 1806 he was adjutant to Field Marshal Wichard von Möllendorff (General) and led three squadrons as commander of the 6th Kurmärkischen Landwehr Cavalry Regiment in III during the Wars of Liberation in 1815. Army corps under Lieutenant General Karl Friedrich Bernhard Helmuth von Hobe (1765–1823), or under the command of General Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742–1819) 411 soldiers. As head of a body cuirassier regiment a. D. he died at the old age in Berlin in 1835. He was the last male son of this Berlin family line of le Duchat de Dorville.

Second marriage of Ludwig von Orville / Louis de Dorville (1745–1801)

He was married to Karoline Sophie Friederike von Schweinichen (1771–1808 Memel) from the ancient Silesian Schweinichen (noble family) s childless in his second marriage . She was temporarily the chief stewardess of Princess Maria Anna Amalie von Hessen-Homburg (1785-1846), wife of Prince Wilhelm of Prussia (1783-1851) , youngest brother of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. of Prussia .

  • Philippe, comte de La Mothe-Houdancourt, (1605–1657) French. general

  • Battle of Alerheim 1645

  • Maréchal de France, Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, vicomte de Turenne (1611–1675)

  • Revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV.

  • Friedrich I. (Prussia)

  • Berlin, French Cathedral

  • former Dorville house, later Palais Blücher, now US embassy

  • Voss'sche Palais in Berlin (blue roof)

  • Mietgendorf map 1903

  • Manor house in Wahlsdorf (Dahme / Mark)

  • Kerzendorf, district of Ludwigsfelde, Branden- burg, lost castle

  • Kerzendorf church with sandstone epitaph for Johann Ludovicus le Duchat de Dorville († 1770)

  • Friedersdorf Castle

  • Golssen Castle

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