Order of Lenin
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Order of Lenin
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 medal |
 Strap buckle |
The Order of Lenin ( Russian Орден Ленина / Transliteration Orden Lenina ) was the highest honor in the Soviet Union named after Vladimir Ilyich Lenin .
history
The order was established by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930 and confirmed by decree on May 5. It was awarded for the first time on May 23rd to the editorial staff of Komsomolskaya Pravda . The Order of Lenin was awarded to:
- Officials for outstanding achievements for the state,
- Workers for outstanding work performance,
- Military for exemplary commitment in service and at
- Recipient of the Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor awards .
It was awarded to people who promoted friendship and peace or rendered outstanding services to Soviet society or the state. The order was also given to factories, cities, regions or republics. The medal could be awarded several times to the same person, eight cases of eleven recipients are documented.
During the Second World War , around 36,000 medals were awarded to soldiers of the Red Army and Allied forces, and another 5,000 were awarded to civilians. Institutions and facilities have received it 500 times.
The order was awarded until the dissolution of the Soviet Union (1991).
description
The medal of the one-class order was a round medallion with a portrait of Lenin looking to the left, above which a red enamelled flag with the Cyrillic inscription "ЛЕНИН" (LENIN) floated. The medallion was surrounded by a wreath of gold ears with a small red star on the left and the hammer and sickle symbol at the bottom. The order was worn on a pentagonal clasp. The ribbon was red with double gold stripes on both sides. The medallion was made of pure gold and the portrait of Lenin in platinum .
Known porters
Bearers of the Order of Lenin were among others:
- Bersarin, Nikolai , City Commandant of Berlin
- Bersin, Jan , head of the Soviet military intelligence
- Blucher, Wassili , Marshal of the Soviet Union
- Botvinnik, Mikhail , world chess champion
- Bykovsky, Valery , cosmonaut
- Castro, Fidel , Cuban head of state
- Khrushchev, Nikita
- Dickel, Friedrich , politician of the GDR
- Janaschia, Simon , Georgian historian
- Emanuel, Nikolai , chemist
- Feuerstein, Dieter W. , employee of the GDR foreign espionage
- Florakis, Charilaos , General Secretary of the Communist Party of Greece
- Gagarin, Yuri , first person in space
- Gapurov, Muchamednasar , General Secretary of the Turkmen SSR
- Gilels, Emil , pianist (triple)
- Golovko, Arseni , admiral of the Northern Fleet in World War II
- Gorky, Maxim , writer
- Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ), Soviet automobile company
- Grisodubova, Valentina , aviator
- Grotewohl, Otto , Prime Minister of the GDR
- Gurevich, Mikhail , aircraft manufacturer
- Hall, Gus , American Communist Party politician
- Hammer, Armand , American industrialist and art collector
- Hikmet, Nazim , Turkish poet
- Honecker, Erich , Chairman of the State Council of the GDR
- Jähn, Sigmund , first German in space
- Yashin, Lev , football goalkeeper
- Lominadze, Bessarion , chairman of the Transcaucasian Communist Party
- Kalashnikov, Mikhail , developer of the AK-47 assault rifle
- Kantaria, Meliton , Sergeant who allegedly hoisted the victory flag on the Berlin Reichstag building
- Kapiza, Pjotr : physicist
- Kim, Il Sung , President of North Korea (triple: 1972, 1978 and 1987)
- Lyssenko, Trofim , scientists
- Maksutov, Dmitri , optician
- Mercader, Ramón , Leo Trotsky's murderer
- Mikhalkov, Sergei , author of the Soviet and Russian anthems
- Mikoyan, Artyom , aircraft manufacturer
- Papanin, Ivan , leader of the first Soviet North Pole expedition
- Philby, Kim , British secret agent
- Popov, Oleg , clown and pantomime
- Pravda , Soviet newspaper
- Rashidov, Sharaf , Uzbek politician and writer (ten times)
- Riehl, Nikolaus , Russian-German nuclear physicist
- Rodnina, Irina , figure skater
- Rokossowski, Konstantin , Marshal in World War II
- Saizew, Vasily , sniper during World War II
- Salkind, Rosalija , politician (two-fold)
- Sarubin, Wassilij , intelligence officer
- Scholokhov, Mikhail , writers and Nobel Prize winners
- Zhukov, Georgi , Marshal in World War II (six times)
- Stalin, Josef (triple)
- Tereshkova, Valentina , first woman in space
- Thiessen, Peter Adolf , German chemist
- Timaschuk, Lidija , for exposing the alleged medical conspiracy
- Tito, Josip Broz , President and Marshal of Yugoslavia
- Ulbricht, Walter , Chairman of the State Council of the GDR
- Ustinov, Dmitri , Marshal of the Soviet Union (eleven)
Individual evidence
- ^ Order of Lenin: History and Value
- ↑ a b Waldemar Trojca: History of the Great Patriotic War. Soviet aviator ace 1941–1945. VDM, Zweibrücken 2019, ISBN 978-3-86619-152-5 , p. 98
