Leo von Thun and Hohenstein
Leopold Graf von Thun und Hohenstein (called Leo von Thun-Hohenstein ; * April 7, 1811 in Tetschen , † December 17, 1888 in Vienna ) was an Austrian politician and author. He was one of the fathers of political Catholicism. His parents were Franz Anton Graf von Thun and Hohenstein (October 3, 1786 - January 18, 1873 in Tetschen) and Theresia Maria von Brühl (November 8, 1784 in Pförten - March 8, 1844 in Prague)
Life
After studying law at Charles University in Prague , von Thun entered the civil service in 1836 and initially worked at the Prague Criminal Court , and later at various departments of the United Court Chancellery . In 1848 he was appointed Gubernial President of Bohemia and in 1849 he was appointed Austrian Minister for Cultus and Education .
During his tenure, which lasted until 1860, von Thun reformed the Austrian education system. The basis for this was provided by Franz Serafin Exner's suggestions . He introduced university autonomy in Austria and restructured the Vienna Academy of Sciences . His educational policy was characterized by tolerance. Scientists of Protestant or Jewish denominations were given license to teach at universities and well-known foreign scholars were called to the country. The Evangelical Theological Institute was given the status of a faculty, and the Institute for Austrian Historical Research was converted into a modern training center based on the model of the École nationale des chartes .
Thun was one of the fathers of the Concordat of 1855, which gave the Catholic Church extensive powers of the state. In 1857 he became an honorary citizen of Innsbruck . As chairman of the Catholic Conservatives, he worked unsuccessfully from 1860 onwards for the creation of a federal Austrian state with extensive autonomy of the individual states. Between 1865 and 1888 he was responsible for the publication of the magazine Das Vaterland .
From 1861 until his death Leo von Thun-Hohenstein was a hereditary member of the Austrian manor house and was the spokesman for the Catholics. Between 1861 and 1867, 1870 and 1871, and from 1883 to 1888, he was a member of the Bohemian state parliament , where from 1883 he belonged to the Czech autonomous faction.
Fonts (selection)
- About the current state of Bohemian literature. 1842
- The position of the Slovaks in Hungary. 1843
- Digital online edition of the correspondence of Leo von Thun and Hohenstein
literature
- Jakub Malý : Hraběte Lva Thuna úvahy o nynějších poměrech, hledíc zvláště k Čechám, 1848.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Thun-Hohenstein, Leopold Leo Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 45th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1882, pp. 54–62 ( digitized version ).
- Salomon Frankfurter : Thun-Hohenstein, Count Leo . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 38, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 178-212.
- Christoph Thienen-Adlerflycht : Count Leo Thun-Hohenstein as a post-Josephin pioneer of enlightened absolutism. In: Ulrich E. cellsberg (ed.): Conservative profiles. Ideas & Practice in Politics between FM Radetzky, Karl Kraus and Alois Mock. Leopold Stocker Verlag , Graz / Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-7020-1007-6 , pp. 103-168.
- T. Kraler: Thun and Hohenstein Leo (Leopold) Gf. from. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 14, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2012–, ISBN 978-3-7001-7312-0 , p. 326 f. (Direct links on p. 326 , p. 327 ).
- Lars Maximilian von Thun and Hohenstein: Education Policy in the Empire. The Thun-Hohenstein university reform, especially using the example of legal training in Austria. Dissertation, Faculty of Law at the University of Vienna 2015 ( PDF, 2.4 MB ), also published by Peter Lang Verlag, ISBN 978-3-631-66980-8 .
Web links
- Thun-Hohenstein, Leo Graf . Short biography on the website of the Austrian Parliament
- Literature by and about Leo von Thun and Hohenstein in the catalog of the German National Library
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Thun and Hohenstein, Leo von |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Thun-Hohenstein, Count Leopold von |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bohemian-Austrian politician |
DATE OF BIRTH | April 7, 1811 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Tetschen |
DATE OF DEATH | December 17, 1888 |
Place of death | Vienna |