Lidija Konstantinovna Komarova

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Lidija Konstantinovna Komarova ( Russian Лидия Константиновна Комарова ; born March 24 . Jul / 6. April  1902 greg. In Ivanovo-Voznesensk ; † 24. June 2002 in Moscow ) was a Soviet architect .

Life

Komarowa came to Moscow in 1918 and began studying in 1919 at the Second Free State Art Workshop (SGChM) in Abram Yefimowitsch Archipov's painting workshop. She studied with Pyotr Petrovich Konchalovsky and then with Nadeschda Andrejewna Udalzowa , Lyubow Sergejewna Popowa and Alexander Dawydowitsch Drewin . In 1922 she moved to architecture - Faculty of Higher Artistic and Technical Workshops (VKhUTEMAS) . There she studied in the United Left Workshops (Obmas) with Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Ladowski and then with Alexander Alexandrowitsch Wesnin . She joined Constructivism and became a member of the architects' association OSA , whose magazine she edited . As a diploma project for graduation in 1929, she planned a Comintern palace. Her project was included in the group of the best projects, in which she was the only woman, and published at home and abroad. Her design was later often compared to the Frank Lloyd Wrights Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum (1959).

One of Komarova's last avant-garde projects was her project for the 1932 competition for the Palace of the Soviets (together with Ilya Sakharovich Weinstein and JM Muschtschinski), which received a prize.

Komarowa worked in the Moscow project management office MosProjekt and in the Moscow Institute for Urban Development Giprogor . In addition, she completed her traineeship with Alexander Wesnin until 1937 . In the Archangelskoje Palace near Krasnogorsk , she restored the Gonzaga Theater , built by Joseph Bové and Pietro Gonzaga (1939), and built a museum pavilion (1941).

During the German-Soviet War Komarowa designed memorials for military cemeteries.

In 1947 Komarova became an employee of the new Moscow State Institute for the Design of University Buildings GIPROWUS . She planned and directed the construction of the Karaganda Polytechnic Institute (now Technical University) and the Kemerovo Mining Institute (now Kuzbass State Technical University of T-F. Gorbachev ).

Komarowa was the author and head of the project for the construction of the new main building of the Moscow Technical University (MGTU) , which was built in 1949-1960. Their design of a twisted skyscraper exceeded the technical possibilities of the time and remained a draft. Only later technical progress and new materials made such skyscrapers possible, as the Evolution Tower , the Turning Torso and the Cayan Tower show.

Komarowa's son Erik Naumowitsch Komarow became an Indologist and married the orientalist Engelsin Ardanowna Markisowa from the Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic , whose daughter Lola Komarowa became a psychologist .

Honors

  • Honored Architect of the RSFSR (1985)

Works

  • Karaganda Technical University

  • Main building of the Moscow Technical University

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Иванова-Веэн Л. И .: Комарова Лидия Константиновна . In: Энциклопедия русского авангарда: Изобразительное искусство. Архитектура. Т.  I: Биографии. А-К . RA, Global Expert & Service Team, Moscow 2013, ISBN 978-5-902801-10-8 , p. 432 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Лидии Комаровой исполнилось 100 лет . In: Izvestia . April 7, 2002 ( [1] [accessed March 23, 2020]).
  3. ↑ a b c d e Женщины в истории: Лидия Комарова (accessed March 23, 2020).
  4. ↑ The Chanel House - From Bauhaus to Beinhaus: Lidiia Komarova, architectress of the Soviet avant-garde (accessed March 23, 2020).
  5. ↑ О проектах Дворца Советов: Проект № 41 - Девиз «Красное знамя» - И. З. Вайнштейн, Л. Комарова, Ю. М. Мущинский.
personal data
SURNAME Komarowa, Lidija Konstantinovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Комарова, Лидия Константиновна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-Soviet architect
DATE OF BIRTH April 6, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Ivanovo-Voznesensk
DATE OF DEATH June 24, 2002
Place of death Moscow