List of the Hanseatic ambassadors in Denmark

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This is a list of the envoys and plenipotentiary ministers of the three free Hanseatic cities of Lübeck , Bremen and Hamburg in Denmark .

history

Relations between the Hanseatic cities and Denmark were as old as the Hanseatic League itself. Since Denmark had also united the kingdoms of Norway (1380 to 1818) and Sweden (1392 to 1521) in a personal union since the Kalmar Union , relations at that time were about nothing less as the question of rulership over the Baltic Sea , or the " Dominium maris Baltici ". Sweden broke away from this union under the Swedish King Gustav I. Wasa in the years after 1521 and became the strongest power in the Baltic Sea region in the centuries that followed. Denmark-Norway continued as a union until 1818. Until 1864 the Duchies of Schleswig (as a Danish fiefdom) and Holstein (as a German fiefdom, from 1815 a member of the German Confederation) belonged to the entire Danish state .

The Hansekontor in Bergen on Bryggen was older than the Hanseatic Mission in Copenhagen , and its management was entrusted to the three Hanseatic cities with the end of the Hanseatic League after 1669.

Heads of mission

The heads of mission listed here were originally only accredited for Lübeck , later also for other two sister cities. Hamburg was only represented diplomatically in Copenhagen from 1769, ie after the Gottorper Treaty had been concluded (1768). Denmark had been represented to the Hanseatic cities by a permanent embassy in Hamburg since the 17th century .

Years Surname Life dates Remarks portrait
1720-1720 Gerhard Ernst von Franckenau * 1676 ; † 1749 Chargé d'affaires (Lübeck only)
1720-1723 Johann Gottfried Masius Agent (Lübeck only)
1723– Hieronymus Nicolaus Gercken agent
1752-1759 Hermann Jacob Forck † 1761 Resident (for Bremen from 1757),
1760 to 1761 Danish. Governor of Tharangambadi (India)
1759-1810 Heinrich Carl Meinig * 1736 ; † 1812 Resident, agent until 1805 (for Hamburg from 1769)
1810-1814 - Interruption of relations as a result of the French annexation of the Hanseatic cities
1814-1848 August Wilhelm Pauli * 1781 ; † 1858 Prime Minister, agent until 1829
1848-1855 vacant
1855-1864 Friedrich Kruger * 1819 ; † 1896 Minister-resident, from
1864 to 1866 Hanseatic envoy to the German Confederation in Frankfurt am Main, 1866 to 1895 Hanseatic envoy to the Prussian court in Berlin
Friedrich Kruger
1865-1868 vacant
1868: Dissolution of the residency, from 1871 diplomatic representation by the German Empire (see list of German ambassadors in Denmark )

In addition to the Hanseatic embassy or residency in Copenhagen, there were also temporarily Hanseatic consulates in Charlotte Amalie on the then Danish Caribbean island of Sankt Thomas , in Helsingør and in Hjørring . In Norway (until 1818) there were consulates in Arendal , Christiania (Oslo), Kristiansand , Kristiansund and Stavanger in addition to the Tyskebrygge in Bergen .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Ulrich Simon: Altes Senatsarchiv (ASA) Externa, Danica (Denmark, also: Kontor zu Bergen) , Archives of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , Lübeck 2007
  2. ^ A b c d e f g Johann Martin Lappenberg : Journal of the Association for Hamburg History , Volume 3, Association for Hamburg History , Hamburg 1851, p. 487 ff.
  3. ↑ Hamburg State Calendar to the year 1867 , Nestler & Melle, Hamburg 1867, p. 89