Marchaux
| Marchaux | ||
|---|---|---|
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| local community | Marchaux-Chaudefontaine | |
| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Doubs | |
| Arrondissement | Besançon | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 19 ′ N , 6 ° 8 ′ E | |
| Post Code | 25640 | |
| Former INSEE code | 25368 | |
| Incorporation | 1st January 2018 | |
| status | chef-lieu | |
 Mairie - Lavoir in Marchaux |
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Marchaux is a village and a former municipality with last 1,235 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2015) in the French department of Doubs in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté . The municipality of Marchaux belonged to the canton of Besançon-4 in the arrondissement of Besançon .
On January 1, 2018, Marchaux was merged with the municipality of Chaudefontaine to form the new municipality ( Commune nouvelle ) Marchaux-Chaudefontaine . Marchaux is the administrative center of the municipality.
geography
Marchaux is located at 297 m , about twelve kilometers northeast of the city of Besançon (as the crow flies). The village extends in the undulating landscape between the river valleys of Doubs and Ognon , in a valley between the mountain ranges of Bois de Sassy in the south and Grande Côte in the north.
The area of the 10.06 km² large municipal area includes a section in the extreme northwestern mountain ranges of the Jura . The main part of the area is taken up by the broad valley basin of Marchaux, which is drained to the northeast to the Ognon. This depression consists partly of arable and meadow land, partly of forest (Forêt de Chailluz in the west). It is bounded in the south by the ridge of the Bois de Sassy ( 500 m ), which separates the area from the Doubstal. To the north, the municipality extends to the ridge of the Grande Côte , on which the highest elevation of Marchaux is reached at 530 m. From a geological and tectonic point of view, this ridge forms an anticline and is oriented in the south-west-north-east direction according to the strike direction of the Jura.
Neighboring towns of Marchaux are Vieilley , Venise , Champoux and Chaudefontaine in the north, Châtillon-Guyotte in the east, Amagney and Thise in the south and Braillans in the west.
history
Marchaux was first mentioned in a document as early as 967 under the name Marcaléo . In the course of time the spelling changed via Merchal (1171), Marchaut (1262) and Marchault (1420) to the current name. In the Middle Ages, various dominions had property in Marchaux, including the dominion of Châtillon-Guyotte. Together with Franche-Comté , the village finally came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678.
Attractions
The single-nave Saint-Martin church, which originally dates back to the 10th century, was rebuilt from 1715 to 1719 in the Greco-Roman style. Also worth seeing is Mairie - lavoir (used as well, drinking trough and laundry) with its columns.
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 305 |
| 1968 | 379 |
| 1975 | 556 |
| 1982 | 688 |
| 1990 | 806 |
| 1999 | 937 |
| 2006 | 1030 |
| 2015 | 1235 |
With its last 1,235 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2015) Marchaux was one of the smaller communities in the Doubs department. After the population had decreased in the first half of the 20th century (422 people were still counted in 1886), a marked increase in population has been recorded again since the early 1960s. Since then, the number of inhabitants has more than tripled.
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 20th century, Marchaux was primarily a village characterized by agriculture (arable farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding) and forestry. Today there are also various local small business and retail businesses. In recent years, a commercial zone has been set up on the outskirts, in which around 20 companies have settled. In the meantime, the village has also turned into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who go to work in the Besançon agglomeration.
The village is well developed in terms of traffic. It is located on the departmental road from Besançon to Rougemont . The nearest connection to the A36 motorway , which crosses the municipality, is around two kilometers away. With the commissioning of this connection, a local bypass was built, so that Marchaux is now relieved of through traffic. Further road connections exist with Champoux, Châtillon-Guyotte and Amagney.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Arrêté portant creation de la commune nouvelle de Marchaux-Chaudefontaine. December 4, 2017, accessed January 19, 2018 (French).
