Vieilley
| Vieilley | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | Doubs | |
| Arrondissement | Besançon | |
| Canton | Baume-les-Dames | |
| Community association | Grand Besançon | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 20 ' N , 6 ° 5' E | |
| height | 215-593 m | |
| surface | 9.43 km 2 | |
| Residents | 699 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 74 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 25870 | |
| INSEE code | 25612 | |
Vieilley is a French municipality with 699 inhabitants (as of January 1 2017) in Doubs in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Vieilley is located at 250 m , about twelve kilometers north-northeast of the city of Besançon (as the crow flies). The village extends in a slightly elevated position on the southern edge of the valley low of the Ognon , at the northern foot of the ridge of the Grande Côte below the Fort de la Dame Blanche in the extreme northwest of the Doubs department.
The area of the 9.43 km² large municipal area includes a section of the Ognon Valley. The northern border runs along the Ognon, which flows here with several turns through a flat valley low about two kilometers wide. From the course of the river, the community area extends south over the formerly boggy floodplain to the adjacent high terrace , which consists of ice-age river deposits. It is predominantly made up of arable and meadow land. Further south, the area extends over a steep slope, which is divided by the erosion channels of several short streams, to the narrow ridge of the Grande Côte . From a geological and tectonic point of view, this ridge forms an anticline , the northern limb of which has largely been eroded by erosion . At 593 m, the highest point of Vieilley is reached on the ridge. Part of the forest-covered southern slope ( Forêt de Chailluz ) of this ridge also belongs to the municipality.
Neighboring municipalities of Vieilley are Cromary and Palise in the north, Venise in the east, Marchaux-Chaudefontaine , Braillans and Besançon in the south and Mérey-Vieilley in the west.
history
antiquity
In 1992 Daniel Daval found fragments of Terra Sigillata , the Roman tableware, around Vieilley . These are assigned to the Argon sigillata of late antiquity (from the 3rd century). However, this find does not allow any conclusions to be drawn about a possible settlement at such an early time. Rather, Vieilley was on a connecting road between the two centers Luxeuil and Besançon, which ran over the Ognon.
middle Ages
Vieilley was first mentioned in a document in 895. The Saint-Léger church has existed since that time. In the Middle Ages, the village belonged to the monastery of Saint-Étienne in Besançon. In 1258, Étienne de Chassagne had a mansion built here: the Chateau de Vieilley . In 1470 it was taken over by the invading troops of King Louis XI. destroyed, but then rebuilt.
Early modern age
During the Thirty Years' War in July 1637 the troops of Duke Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar waited in Vieilley and the neighboring town of Cromary for reinforcements from Montbéliard under the leadership of Count de Concey. Together they took part in the French campaign to liberate Franche-Comté from the Lorraine occupiers. In previous years, Vieilley, like the surrounding communities and many other regions of Europe during the chaos of war, had been repeatedly shaken by stray and plundering soldiers. The chateau was not spared from the war either: in 1642 it was burned down by Swedish troops. In 1678, Vieilley (together with Franche-Comté ) finally came to France through the Peace of Nijmegen .
At the beginning of the 18th century, the castle became the property of the Archbishop of Besançon. In 1717 the Archbishop François-Joseph de Grammont, who had built the castle like a prince, died here. During his term of office there were central disputes with the Parlement of Besançon over the bull Unigenitus Dei filius and the Jansenists . In 1792 the palace was sold to a private citizen as a state property during the French Revolution .
From 1875 to 1878 the fortress Fort de la Dame Blanche was built above Vieilleys in the Forêt de Chailluz, which could accommodate up to 600 soldiers. Together with other fortresses (including the well-known Citadel of Besançon) it was part of the defense ring of the city of Besançon and was one of several forts that were built after the catastrophic defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71.
Modern
During the First World War , the castle was requisitioned by the French cavalry. Today a memorial in the Rue du Général Charles de Gaulle also commemorates the men from Vieilley who died in the war. During the Second World War , Vieilley was an important place of the Resistance , the local resistance movement is organized in the Maquis de Vieilley . Successful acts of sabotage on the railway lines to Besançon are on her account. The British George Millar played an important role in this. The Special Operations Executive soldier had been parachuted to the region in August 1944 and henceforth supported the Maquis in Vieilley. He also took care of the military training of the maquisards. On August 15, the village was surrounded and searched by German troops and the leader of the Maquis was briefly arrested, but he was able to flee and continue to operate for the resistance. On November 16, 1944, driving the French tanks 1ère Division Blindée during the Libération the village.
Attractions
The Saint-Léger church was rebuilt in 1756 and was last extensively restored in 1981. It has the choir room in the west as a special feature and is equipped with rich furniture. The church tower is also a clocher Comtois in the typical and famous style of the region . The renaissance style Chateau de Vieilley was restored in the 19th century, but this seriously affected the original impression. From the Fort de la Dame Blanche , which cannot be visited itself, you have a remarkable view over Vieilley, the Ognon Valley and the Vosges .
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 241 |
| 1968 | 246 |
| 1975 | 372 |
| 1982 | 432 |
| 1990 | 525 |
| 1999 | 587 |
| 2006 | 707 |
| 2016 | 703 |
With 699 inhabitants (January 1, 2017), Vieilley is one of the small communities in the Doubs department. After the population had decreased significantly in the first half of the 20th century (410 people were still counted in 1886), there has been a marked increase in population since the early 1970s. Since then the number of inhabitants has almost tripled.
Infrastructure and culture
Until well into the 20th century, Vieilley was predominantly a village characterized by agriculture (arable farming, fruit growing and cattle breeding) and forestry. In addition, there are now some local small businesses. In the meantime, the village has also turned into a residential community. Many workers are therefore commuters who go to work in the Besançon agglomeration.
In 2004, a modern primary school was built, which is also used by students from the surrounding communities. The architect was Bernard Quirot. Originally another building with a canteen and library was to be built next to the school, but this could not be implemented for financial reasons.
A small library with especially children's and youth literature is located in the town hall on Rue de l'Église . This is open once a week (Friday) on a voluntary basis and uses books from the Besançon library as part of the Bibliobus project . The selection of books is updated regularly.
Except for a small grocery store, Vieilley has no shops. The nearest supermarket is about 6 km away in Devecey.
Various events take place in the community's multi-purpose hall, such as concerts or theater performances. There is also a football and tennis court. Another sport option is from Fort de la Dame Blanche, which has a runway for paragliding .
The village is off the main thoroughfares on a departmental road that leads from Devecey to Moncey . The closest connection to the A36 motorway is around eleven kilometers away in Marchaux-Chaudefontaine . Other road connections exist with Cromary and Champoux. The TGV route Mulhouse - Besançon - Lyon runs south of Vieilley . The number 65 bus of the Ginko network connects Vieilley with Besançon.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Daniel Daval, Prospection de la moyenne vallée de l'Ognon: Entre Bonnay et Ruffey-le-Château , in: Gallia Informations 1991, 2 , Paris 1991, pp. 60-62.
- ↑ Lydie Joan, Le Doubs et le territoire de Belfort: 25 et 90 , Vol. 25, Paris 2003, p. 431.
- ↑ Victor Adolfe Malte-Brun, Nouvelles Annales des voyages ..., Paris, 1862, p 200
- ^ Anna Tyzack, Property in France: Wartime 'hotel' gets a facelift , in: The Daily Telegraph , London June 14, 2008.
- ^ Gérard Louis, La guerre de Dix Ans, 1634-1644 , Paris 1998, p. 39.
- ↑ Paul Delsalle, La Franche-Comté au temps des archiducs Albert et Isabelle: 1598-1633 , Besançon 2002, p. 12.
- ↑ a b c Tyzack, London 2008 (see footnote 4)
- ↑ Eugène Auguste Bouchey, Recherches historiques sur […] Mandeure , Besançon 1862, p. 39.
- ^ Jean François Nicolas Richard, Histoire des diocèses de Besançon et Saint-Claude , Besançon 1851, Vol. 2, pp. 386–388.
- ↑ Jean Riche, La Franche-Comté sous l'occupation allemande et sa libération , Vol. 3, Besançon 1980, p. 126 ff.
- ↑ http://www.besancon.fr/gallery_files/site_1/346/353/781/guide_jeunes_resistance.pdf , p. 13
- ↑ Jean Navard, La Libération avec les chars , Paris 1980 p.160
- ↑ http://www.quirotassocies.com/projets.php?id_projet=8&n_pagina=2&imgKey=image47
- ↑ http://www.infociments.fr/telecharger/CM-122.11-13.pdf