Maria Sand (Herbolzheim)

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Maria Sand or Maria im Sand is a Roman Catholic pilgrimage church in Herbolzheim im Breisgau . It belongs to the Herbolzheim-Rheinhausen pastoral care unit of the Archdiocese of Freiburg .

Maria Sand

history

A legend reports that in 1556 in what was then the village of Tutschfelden , today a part of Herbolzheim, after it had become Evangelical-Lutheran in 1535 , a statue of Mary was given to the Bleichbach . He had transported the statue to the former town of Herbolzheim, which had remained Catholic, and landed there in the sand. A first chapel was built at the site. In 1629 a year was donated for them .

Archaeological investigations in 1977/78 showed the remains of two much smaller previous buildings with traces of fire and flooding. The choir and the eastern part of the nave of today's church were built in the second half of the 17th century ("around 1680") and were in any case completed in 1692. A sexton's house was built for this purpose. In 1747 Pastor Anton Machleid († 1755) had the nave lengthened to the west and a sacristy to the east to the choir. Under Machleid, the new building of the Herbolzheim parish church of St. Alexius was built from 1752 . The believers attended services in Maria Sand during the construction period.

The Austrian Josephinism and from 1805 the transition to the Protestant Grand Duchy of Baden threatened the church. But she survived and was supported by the Archdiocese of Freiburg, which was established in 1821. In 1918 a Lourdes grotto was added after a dysentery epidemic . Restorations took place in 1921 and 1981.

building

A few meters east of the Bleichbach stream stand the sexton's house, the Lourdes grotto and the church, a hall with four arched windows on each side, a retracted polygonal closed choir and a small roof turret .

Furnishing

  • Ceiling painting in the ship

  • Assumption of the Virgin Mary

  • Cecilia

  • Marriage of Mary and Joseph

  • Mary as received immaculately

  • Mary as Queen

Ceiling painting in the choir: founding legend

During the restoration in 1981, the stucco ceiling from 1921 was left, which hides an older wooden ceiling. The main painting, Assumption of the Virgin Mary by Josef Mariano Kitschker (1879–1929), “an outstanding achievement of the Neo-Baroque ”, is surrounded by four grisailles by the same painter, namely St. Cecilia of Rome at her organ in the west, the wedding in the east of Mary and Joseph of Nazareth in front of the high priest , inscribed "QUOD DEUS CONIUNXIT HOMO NON SEPARET - what God has united, man must not separate" ( Mt 19.6  EU ), in the north Mary as immaculate received with a lily in the hand and a wreath of stars above her head, in the south the crowned Mary with her child, who carries a globe.

The ceiling picture in the choir is older. Between early classical stucco it shows the founding legend: An angel greets with “AVE MARIA GRATIA PLENA - Hail, Maria, gracious” the Madonna sculpture that swims in the Bleichbach (the name “Bleich” is written in the water). Hermann Ginter attributed the picture to the Freiburg painter Johann Pfunner .

The high altar splendidly frames the image of grace, made of clay in the 2nd half of the 15th century, Mary with child on a crescent moon, surrounded by the sun, wreathed by stars ( Rev 12,1  EU ), surrounded by golden clouds and angels' heads plays around. Ginter says, "with the very dignified demeanor and with the, large, heavy flow of his garment folds" the miraculous image has a good place in the late Gothic sculpture on the Upper Rhine. The baroque figures are attributed to Johann Michael Winterhalder , whose work for St. Alexius has been secured. In Maria Sand the miraculous image is flanked from left to right by Saint Rochus of Montpellier in pilgrim costume, Karl Borromeo as cardinal, Johannes Nepomuk as canon and Wendelin as shepherd. Putti hover above them, wearing his cardinal hat over Karl Borromeo and his biretta over Johannes Nepomuk . On top of the volutes of the altar extension , large angels carry bouquets of flowers.

The side altars are designed similar to the high altar; Paintings that take the place of the miraculous image are accompanied by carved figures on two levels, large figures below, small angel putti above. The left side altar is inscribed “Coadjutorio afflictorium - Help the oppressed”, the right “Solatio Agonizantium - Consoling the dying”. The paintings are attributed to Johann Baptist Enderle . The sculptures probably come from Johann Michael Winterhalder again.

  • Left side altar

  • High altar

  • Right side altar

The main picture of the left side altar shows - "an eloquent representation of the Baroque piety" - the seven refuge , "a kind of 'descendant' of the 14- Holy Helper group of the Middle Ages". In the center, putti carry the chalice and the host of the Eucharist . Above it hovers the Most Holy Trinity , to which Mary and the Archangel Michael turn in adoration and intercession. Your request is supported by St. Genoveva of Paris on the left with her candle, Catherine of Alexandria with her wheel, on the right Apollonia of Alexandria with a tooth in a pair of tongs, including two Franciscan saints, the left Antonius of Padua with his lily. Poor souls suffer in purgatory below . For the devotee, in the context of the seven refuge, they are not deceased for whom he asks, but deceased, for whose intercession with God he asks. The upper picture shows St. Barbara of Nicomedia with chalice and host, patroness of the dying. John the Baptist , recognizable by his cross staff with a banner, and Saint Sebastian pierced by arrows stand to the left and right of the main picture. The identification of the saints follows Hermann Brommer except for the upper picture, which he wrongly calls " Mother Anna teaches Maria to read" - a mix-up with the right side altar.

The main picture of the right side altar shows the death of St. Joseph, like Barbara a patron of the dying. Mary and Jesus are with Joseph. God the Father blesses from above. In the upper picture, as mentioned, the mother Anna teaching her daughter Maria. The archangels Michael and Gabriel stand to the left and right of the main picture.

Coronation of Mary

The Latin church teachers Hieronymus , Ambrosius , Augustine and Gregory the Great are depicted on the basket of the pulpit from 1685 . A crucifixion group with the mourning Mary and John hangs on the north wall of the nave , further ahead a Renaissance relief of the Coronation of Mary, perhaps the upper image of an earlier altarpiece.

Appreciation

“Maria Sand is certainly not a big deal, neither in terms of construction nor in terms of furnishings. But for all its modesty, it reflects with strong expressiveness a piece of real baroque piety and baroque art of our closer home, which is able to impress every visitor not a little. "

literature

  • Hermann Brommer : Catholic parish church St. Alexius Herbolzheim i. Br. 2nd edition, Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Munich and Zurich 1984.
  • Hermann Ginter : The Maria Sand Chapel near Herbolzheim i.Br. In: Newsletter of the preservation of monuments in Baden-Württemberg 1, 1951, pp. 42–44 ( digitized version ).
  • Franz Xaver Kraus (ed.): The art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden. District of Freiburg, Verlag JCB Mohr, Tübingen and Leipzig 1904, p. 156.
  • Bertram Jenisch with the assistance of Manuela Clesle: Herbolzheim. Archaeological city register Baden-Württemberg. Volume 28. Regional Council Stuttgart, State Office for Monument Preservation 2005, pp. 55–57 and 84–85.
  • Konrad M. Müller: The seven holy refuge. A contribution to the exploration of lived piety in text and images. Hawel Verlag, Wallerstein 2012. ISBN 978-3-9810376-6-1 .
  • Wigbert Steinger, Friedrich Hinn, Bertram Jenisch, Reinhold Hämmerle: Places of Faith in Herbolzheim im Breisgau. Éditions du Signe, Strasbourg 2004, ISBN 2-7468-1440-4
  • Dagmar Zimdars (arrangement): Georg Dehio, Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler Baden-Württemberg II ( Dehio-Handbuch ). Berlin, Deutscher Kunstverlag 1997, ISBN 3-422-03030-1 , p. 300.

Web links

Commons : Maria Sand Kapelle (Herbolzheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Brommer: Catholic parish church St. Alexius Herbolzheim i. Br. 1984, p. 25.
  2. ^ Brommer: Catholic parish church St. Alexius Herbolzheim i. Br. 1984, p. 8.
  3. ^ Brommer: Catholic parish church St. Alexius Herbolzheim i. Br. 1984, p. 27.
  4. ↑ Ginter: The Maria Sand Chapel near Herbolzheim i.Br. P. 43.
  5. ↑ Zimdars: Dehio manual.
  6. ↑ Ginter: The Maria Sand Chapel near Herbolzheim i.Br. P. 43. Ginter comments on the legend: "But it is not quite understandable that such a heavy, life-size stone sculpture in the small Bleichbach could have swam so far."
  7. ↑ Steinger and others, p. 30.
  8. ↑ a b Ginter: The Maria Sand Chapel near Herbolzheim i.Br. P. 44.
  9. ↑ Müller: The seven holy refuge. A contribution to the exploration of lived piety in text and images.
  10. ^ Brommer: Catholic parish church St. Alexius Herbolzheim i. Br. 1984, p. 30.

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 56 "  N , 7 ° 45 ′ 44"  E