Markelfingen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Markelfingen
Former municipal coat of arms of Markelfingen
Coordinates: 47 ° 44 ′ 38 "  N , 9 ° 0 ′ 25"  E
Height : 431 m above sea level NN
Residents : 2528
Incorporation : 1st January 1974
Postal code : 78315
Area code : 07732

The former municipality of Markelfingen is now a district of Radolfzell on Lake Constance in the district of Konstanz in Germany and a " state-approved holiday and recreation resort " on Lake Constance .

geography

The place Markelfingen lies on the mild southern slope of the Bodanrück , surrounded by nature and landscape protection areas, between Untersee ( Markelfinger Winkel ) and Mindelsee . See also nature reserves on the shores of Lake Constance on the Markelfingen and Mindelsee (nature reserve) , as well as Mindelsee (bird sanctuary) and Bodanrück (bird sanctuary) .

At its core, Markelfingen shows itself as a densely built-up street-village-like settlement with a heap-like extension in the north along the Mühlbach / Mühlenbach , which drains the Mindelsee into the Untersee. The through road ( Radolfzeller Straße ) separates the lower village, which is close to the lake, from the upper village located higher up. The stream originally flowed as an Ache through the middle of the village. From 1300 today's Mühlbach emerged as a mill canal. The old village brook became quite small ( small brook ) due to the drainage of the Mühlbach and sometimes dried up completely when the water level was low, so that it completely disappeared from the townscape as the expansion progressed in the 20th century. At the same time the place received settlement expansions in the west and in the southwest up to the railway line directly on the lake shore.

Markelfingen borders in the west on Radolfzell, in the north on Möggingen am Mindelsee , in the east on Allensbach and Reichenau .

history

Evidence of the first settlement in the area comes from the Stone Age : Along the flat bank of the Markelfinger Winkel there were several Neolithic bank settlements from the 4th and 3rd millennium BC (from west to east: "Zeller Ried", "Kleine" and "Große Espen" "," Stüdle "," Schlafbach "I and II). Another three Stone Age sites are located in the Gewann: "Spitzäcker / Lerchental", "Sandäcker" and "Litzelsee". A Bronze Age individual find comes from the "Espen" site. An Iron Age site is known from the mining area "Sandäcker". In the "Hornhalde" forest there were three burial mounds of an indefinite period.

Remains of buildings from Roman times , which point to an estate ( Villa Rustica ), were excavated in 2019.

The origin of the village was suspected until the discovery of Roman settlement remains either in the time after the Alamannic conquest around 260 AD or in the Merovingian period . The name “Markelfingen” probably comes from Markulf or Mark-Wolf , the leader of a clan. He settled here and gave the emerging settlement its name. From this origin of the name, derivatives developed: 724 (forgery 12th century) first mentioned as Marcolfinga , 843 (forgery 12th century) as Marcholvingen , de Marcholuingin . The ending " -ingen " is of Alemannic origin.

Markelfingen belonged as a fiscal estate - presumably confiscated Alemannic ducal estate - to the initial furnishing of the Reichenau monastery , founded in 724 by Bishop Pirminius , which had six feudal farms and three feudal mills and was entitled to ten. It is possible that the later Radolfzell district was originally part of the Markelfingen district and only became independent when the cell was founded in 826 by Radolt .

A nobility nomination to 1204 is questionable, possibly there were ministerials . Markelfingen belonged to the Reichenau rule in the 16th century and was probably administered by ministerials beforehand. After the transition of Reichenau to the bishopric of Konstanz , Markelfingen was added to the territory of the Bishop of Konstanz in 1540 and belonged to his Upper Bailiwick Reichenau .

After the transition from cattle breeding to agriculture, Markelfingen was a predominantly viticulture settlement. While the inhabitants were neutral in the German Peasants 'War (1524-1526) and only the mill went up in flames at that time, the village was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) and abandoned by its residents.

In the course of the secularization initiated by Napoleon , the Prince Diocese of Constance fell as a whole to the Margraviate of Baden in accordance with Section 5 of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803 . Markelfingen was subordinate to the Reichenau office from 1803 to 1809 , and has since belonged to the office , district office and district of Konstanz . From 1860 Markelfingen experienced an economic boom as a place with a train station for the new Hochrheinbahn .

In the course of the regional reform in Baden-Württemberg , the municipality of Markelfingen lost its independence and was incorporated into Radolfzell on January 1, 1974. Radolfzell had already had considerable property in Markelfingen for a long time, e. B. the so-called "Gutenhof (Vogtshof)" and the "Obere Mühle".

religion

A Roman Catholic parish has been attested in Markelfingen since the 14th century (mentioned in a document in 1364). The parish rate lay with Reichenau, later with the Bishop of Constance, now the Dean's Office of Constance . He was mortgaged several times. Evangelical citizens are parish in Böhringen.

politics

Mayor

  • since 2009: Lorenz Thum ( CDU )

coat of arms

The formerly independent municipality of Markelfingen had a split shield in front with a red cross in silver, behind in gold a gold crowned, gold-armored red lion. In order to include the Habsburg lion of the Radolfzell coat of arms in the new Markelfingen community coat of arms in 1895, the community had to be pledged to the city of Radolfzell for 1490 - today no longer verifiable as sources.

Culture and sights

Washerwoman
Stumbling blocks of the Welschinger family

Buildings

  • The parish church of St. Laurentius was built in 1612 as a single-nave hall church. The main parts of it come from the late Gothic period and are richly furnished, including numerous important wall paintings from around 1615 (angel motifs in the chancel). The arched choir tower in the east was given an octagonal renaissance structure in 1612 and most likely the curved dome in 1730/1740. 1886 by the organ builder Xaver monk for the St. Lawrence Church, the organ built (Opus 17). It has been in the St. Zeno Church in Stahringen since 1987 . The church was renovated by the archiepiscopal building officer Julius Hitzel .
  • The former pilgrimage chapel of Our Lady , built after 1727, stands on the old road to Stockach at a commanding height above Markelfingen . After secularization, it was converted into a two-story house in 1816 (oil mill).
  • The fool's fountain, built in 2012 by the fool's guild Seifensieder Markelfingen e. V. in the fools association Hegau-Bodensee shows a bronze washerwoman. The laundry service is reminiscent of the folk tale in which women from Markelfingen thought the mountains of foam and spray on Lake Constance were soap after a storm and wanted to wash their clothes on the lakeshore.
  • Two stumbling blocks by the artist Gunter Demnig in Unterdorfstrasse 9 ( location ) commemorate the victims of National Socialism (euthanasia).

regional customs

  • An important event in village life is the annual carnival, with the leading participation of the Narrenzunft Seifensieder Markelfingen e. V.
  • Traditionally, the Christmas concert of the Markelfingen Music Association takes place in the Markolfhalle on Christmas Day.

Others

In winter, the so-called Markelfinger Winkel between Markelfingen and the Mettnau peninsula freezes over due to the shallow water and the sheltered location and allows ice skating .

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Markelfingen is located between federal highway 33 and the Radolfzell-Konstanz railway line . The place is connected to the rail network via the Seehas trains .

During the season there is a direct bus connection with the Radolfzell city bus from the Markelfingen stop to the nearby Allensbach wildlife and leisure park . The place is connected to the Bodensee-Radweg , the Bodensee-Rundweg , the Hegauer Jakobsweg and the Hochrhein-Hotzenwald-Weg .

tourism

  • The Naturfreundehaus Markelfingen is located a little outside the village and is owned by the Baden Regional Association of Friends of Nature. In 1926, on the initiative of Heinrich Weber, he bought a lake plot of around 20,000 square meters for 30,000 Reichsmarks to build a house for friends of nature. The Bodensee house was inaugurated in 1928. From 1933 to 1945 the Friends of Nature were banned by the National Socialists and their property was confiscated. In 2007/2008 the main building was completely rebuilt.
  • The Markelfingen campsite with 130 parking spaces is located directly on Lake Constance.
  • Lido

education

The Markelfingen elementary school is a single-tier elementary school and is located at the exit towards Konstanz, away from the main road. There is also a kindergarten in Markelfingen.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • 1959: Anton Sälinger
  • 1964, February 15: Dominik Wieland

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Walter Fiedler (Ed.): Markelfingen. History of a Reichenau village . Community of Markelfingen, Radolfzell 1975, without ISBN

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Cf. Radolfzell am Bodensee. In: The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Jürgen Hald: From the Stone Age to the Alemanni - archaeological finds in Radolfzell and the districts. In: City of Radolfzell am Bodensee, Department of City History (Hildegard Bibby, Katharina Maier) (Ed.): Radolfzell am Bodensee - The Chronicle. Stadler, Konstanz 2017, ISBN 978-3-7977-0723-9 . Pp. 12-26.
  3. ↑ Gerald Jarausch: Even the Romans valued the place: archaeologists find the remains of a Roman settlement in the Im Tal building area in Markelfingen. Südkurier , December 4, 2018, accessed on February 28, 2019.
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 519 .
  5. ↑ More information on the historical Mönch organ
  6. ↑ Documentation of the initiative "Stolpersteine ​​in Radolfzell"
  7. ↑ Official website of the Narrenzunft Seifensieder e. V.
  8. ↑ Heimat-Chronik. In: Hegau - magazine for history, folklore and natural history of the area between the Rhine, Danube and Lake Constance. Issue 2 (18) 1964, p. 414.