Max Döring (politician, 1893)

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Max Döring (born November 4, 1893 in Cottbus ; † December 28, 1974 there ) was a German politician ( KPD , SED ) and resistance fighter against National Socialism . He was mayor of Cottbus from 1945 to 1946 . He has been an honorary citizen of Cottbus since 1974 .

Life

Max Döring was born in 1893 as the son of a tailor and a laundress . He initially trained as a bookbinder before taking part as a soldier in the First World War , where he was taken prisoner by the French . After his return, Döring worked as a weaver and became manager of the textile workers' union . In 1922 he joined the Communist Party of Germany. There he was political leader of the Cottbus local group. Between 1931 and 1933 he was unemployed.

After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists , leading members of the Cottbus KPD were arrested at the end of March 1933 , including Georg Dix . Afterwards Döring became part of the party leadership. He was responsible for union work. During this time, the members of the now banned KPD were busy distributing leaflets and Die Rote Fahne . In June and July 1933, other members of the Cottbus KPD were arrested. In addition to Max Döring, Helene Kirsch and Michael Bey were among them . The trial of Döring and 24 other party members took place between April 10 and 12, 1934, in the courtroom of the Cottbus regional court . In the indictment they were accused of "having within the country, particularly in Cottbus and the surrounding area in the period from March to July 1933 jointly and continue to change the treasonable enterprise, the Constitution of the German Reich by force, prepared." . Döring was sentenced to 21 months in prison. With the exception of two co-defendants, who were acquitted for lack of evidence, all other defendants received prison or penal sentences of at least one year. The illegal activity of the banned KPD in Cottbus was continued after the trial by the resistance group around Willy Jannasch . However, this was also smashed in 1936. After his release, Döring was placed under police supervision and was taken into " protective custody " a total of nine times .

During the fighting for the city of Cottbus in April 1945, Döring tried to prevent the German troops from blowing up several bridges. After Cottbus was liberated on April 22, 1945, he greeted the Red Army troops with a picture of Lenin . A few days later he was appointed mayor of Cottbus by the Soviet city commandant Dimitri Tscherwjakow in the presence of around 500 Cottbus residents. Thereafter, Döring temporarily put together a seven-person city ​​administration to organize life in Cottbus again. Among other things, he led the action to restore the electricity works and the gas works , both of which were able to resume work on May 26, 1945. An emergency hospital was also set up. On October 1, 1945, teaching was resumed at the first schools.

On April 5, 1946, Döring was recalled as mayor because he is said to have not been up to his duties. His successor was Otto Weihrauch . In the following years Döring was also active in other functions of the SED and the state.

Honors

Max Döring received various awards. He was honored with the medal for participation in the armed struggles of the German working class from 1918 to 1923 and the medal for fighters against fascism from 1933 to 1945 . He also received the Bronze Patriotic Order of Merit and was recognized as an activist of socialist work . On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the GDR on October 7, 1974, Max Döring was made an honorary citizen of Cottbus.

literature

  • Thorsten Drabow, Anke Hempel, Simone Hoffer u. a .: Max Döring . In: Cottbus. Notes from the life of Cottbus honorary citizens , pp. 4–5.
  • Otto Rückert : On the history of the first Cottbus communist trial . Committee of the Antifascist Resistance Fighters of the German Democratic Republic, District Committee Cottbus City and Country, Cottbus.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c See Drabow et al.
  2. ↑ See Rückert, p. 14 f.
  3. ↑ See Rückert, p. 19 f.
  4. ↑ a b c See Rückert, p. 22 ff.
  5. ↑ a b See Rückert, p. 29 ff.
  6. ↑ Ernst-Otto Roeber, Erna Roeber, Walter Hanig, Otto Last: Willy Jannasch and Comrades - The anti-fascist resistance struggle of the KPD in Cottbus from 1934 to 1936 . Committee of the Anti-Fascist Resistance Fighters of the German Democratic Republic, District Committee Cottbus-City and -Land, Cottbus 1985, p. 12 ff.
  7. ↑ Ernst-Otto Roeber, Erna Roeber, Walter Hanig, Otto Last: Willy Jannasch and Comrades - The anti-fascist resistance struggle of the KPD in Cottbus from 1934 to 1936 . Committee of the Anti-Fascist Resistance Fighters of the German Democratic Republic, District Committee Cottbus-City and -Land, Cottbus 1985, p. 22 ff.
  8. ↑ Max Döring. In: lr-online.de. Lausitzer Rundschau , November 4, 2008, accessed on December 20, 2017 .
  9. ↑ a b Jörg R. Mettke: 1945: "Crash into the bottomless" . In: Der Spiegel . No. 19 , 1985 ( online - May 6, 1985 ).
  10. ↑ a b The Lord Mayors of Cottbus. In: cottbus.de. City of Cottbus, accessed December 20, 2017 .
personal data
SURNAME Döring, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD) and resistance fighters against National Socialism
DATE OF BIRTH November 4, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH cottbus
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1974
Place of death cottbus