Max pan handle

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Max Joseph Jakob Pfannenstiel (born July 25, 1902 in Wanzenau , Alsace, † January 1, 1976 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German geologist , paleontologist and librarian .

Life

Pfannenstiel's father came from Saargemünd and was a notary and senior government councilor in Benfeld and Schlettstadt and had to leave Alsace in 1918 as a German civil servant. Pfannenstiel studied geology at the University of Heidelberg with Wilhelm Salomon-Calvi and at the University of Breslau with Hans Cloos .

In 1926 he received his doctorate in Heidelberg and was then a research assistant at the Geological Institute of the University of Freiburg until 1930 . After training as a librarian in Freiburg and Munich, he got a job at the Freiburg University Library in 1932 , but had to leave this position in 1933 for racial reasons . He then worked in the book trade and from 1935 to 1938 had a job in the library of the League of Nations in Geneva as a Rockefeller Foundation scholarship holder . He then built the library of the Ankara Agricultural University ( Yüksek Ziraat Enstitüsüdür YZE) from 1938 to 1941 .

In 1942 he returned to Germany, where he looked after the library of the military geology staff in Berlin-Wannsee and worked on its maps. His return had been preceded by disputes in Baden as to whether he could be a civil servant again. According to the Nuremberg Laws , his "descent" was defined as a 2nd degree Jewish mixed race ; this group was temporarily allowed back into civil service in 1942, which Pfannenstiel had applied for in 1939. The geologist Julius Wilser , who had tried to prevent Max Pfannenstiel's appointment as civil servant from 1933 as Chancellor of the University of Freiburg and from 1934 as a professor in Heidelberg and from 1939 as a military geologist, named him in a statement as a "half-Jew", who does not belong to a living and working community whose highest aim is to fulfill the duties of the leader; the Reich Ministry of Education, however, referred to the current view. Ultimately, there was a slight contradiction between two different Nazi laws, the law for the restoration of the professional civil service and the German Civil Service Act of January 26, 1937 with regard to "mixed race 2nd degree", which was to be exploited here. The ministry won and assigned Pfannenstiel a position as a civil servant librarian at the University of Erlangen ; he was then called up for the armed forces.

In 1946, Pfannenstiel was appointed full professor of geology and paleontology at the University of Freiburg as the successor to Wolfgang Soergel . In addition to his function as a professor, Pfannenstiel was, among other things, Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences from 1949 to 1950 and Rector of the University from 1954 to 1955.

During the reconstruction of the Geological Institute, Pfannenstiel succeeded in re-establishing numerous personal connections with colleagues in neighboring countries on the Upper Rhine.

Research priorities

Pfannenstiel's interest was, among other things, the geology of the Mediterranean Sea and its coasts, in particular its Quaternary history, such as fluctuations in sea level. Pfannenstiel also published large-scale bathymetric maps of the Mediterranean.

Based on the regional geology, Pfannenstiel researched the traces of the Ice Age in the Black Forest and the Vosges. In addition, after 1945 he initiated excavations in the tertiary fossil sites of Hegau am Höwenegg .

In 1956 Pfannenstiel began building the geologists' archive that was incorporated into the Freiburg University Library in 1972 . On this basis, numerous publications on the history of the natural sciences, especially geology, were created.

Memberships and honors

Fonts (selection)

  • Comparative studies of the basement and overburden fissures in the southern Odenwald . In: Notifications from the Natural Research Society Freiburg i. Br. 27, 1927, pp. 1-98 (dissertation).
  • Upper Rhine fossil catalog . Volume 1: Invertebrates and Vertebrates of the Palaeozoic Era . Volume 4: The vertebrates of the Triassic and Jurassic . Borntraeger, Berlin 1931.
  • Brain Capsules and Fossil Reptile Brains An Anatomical-Biological Study . Monographs on geology and palaeontology booklet 6. Borntraeger, Berlin 1932.
  • Lorenz Oken and the University of Freiburg . Freiburg 1938.
  • with Rudolph Zaunick : Lorenz Oken and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, shown on the basis of newly developed sources . In: Sudhoffs Archive for the History of Medicine and the Natural Sciences 33, 1940/41, pp. 113–173.
  • The Paleolithic cultures of Anatolia (= Istanbul Research Vol. 15). Archaeological Institute of the German Empire, Berlin 1941.
  • How did you do geology a hundred years ago? In: Mitteilungen des Alpenländischer Geologische Verein 34, 1941, pp. 81–126 digitized .
  • The diluvial stages of development and the prehistory of the Dardanelles, the Sea of ​​Maramara and the Bosphorus . In: Geologische Rundschau 34, 1944, pp. 341-434.
  • A hundred years of European geology . Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 1948.
  • On the Quaternary history of the Danube Delta . Bonner Geographische Abhandlungen, No. 6, 1950.
  • Lorenz Oken. His life and work . Freiburg University Speeches, Volume 14, 1953.
  • The Quaternary of the Levant . Academy of Sciences and Literature Mainz, treatises of Math.-Naturwiss. Class 1952-1957 (4 parts).
  • The fluctuations in the sea level as a result of the ice ages . Freiburg University Speeches, Volume 18, 1954.
  • Small source book on the history of the Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors . Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 1958.
  • The glaciation of the southern Black Forest during the Riss Ice Age . In: Notifications from the Natural Research Society Freiburg i. Br. 48, 1959, pp. 231-272.
  • Bathymetric maps of the Eastern Mediterranean with explanations . 1960.
  • The sea in the history of geology . In: Geologische Rundschau 60, 1970, pp. 1-72.
  • The formation of the Albora Sea from the old Alboraland . 1975.

literature

See the list of publications: Reports of the Natural Research Society Freiburg i. Br. 67, 1962, pp. 13-19.

  • Max Pfannenstiel: Inaugural address . In: Yearbook of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences 1962. 1963, pp. 38–43 (autobiographical).
  • Franz Kirchheimer : Max Pfannenstiel . In: Yearbook of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences 1977. 1978, pp. 46–48 (with picture).
  • Eugen Seibold : Max Pfannenstiel . In: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences and Literature to Mainz. 1975, pp. 69-70.
  • Martin Schwarzbach : Max Pfannenstiel . In: Geologische Rundschau. Volume 65, No. 3, 1976, pp. 1130-1132 (with picture).
  • Wolfgang Weischet : Max Pfannenstiel . In: Reports of the Natural Research Society of Freiburg i. Br. Vol. 66, 1976, pp. 3-7.
  • Hugo Genser: Max Pfannenstiel . In: Reports of the Natural Research Society of Freiburg i. Br. Vol. 67, 1977, pp. 13-19 (with picture and catalog raisonné).
  • Pan handle, max . In: Baden biographies . New series Vol. 1, Stuttgart 1982, pp. 220-221.
  • Ingo Toussaint: The Freiburg University Library in the Third Reich . 2nd edition, Saur, Munich a. a. 1984, ISBN 3-598-10547-9 , pp. 57-68 ( digitized version ).
  • Hildegard Müller: German librarians in exile in Turkey, 1933–1945 . In: Bibliothek 21, 1997, pp. 326-332.
  • Ilse Seibold:  Pfannenstiel, Max Joseph Jakob. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 299 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Dargleff Jahnke: The Freiburg geologist Max Pfannenstiel. Biographical study of a non-typical emigrant during the National Socialist era. Master's thesis, University of Freiburg im Breisgau 2008 (in the holdings of the Freiburg University Library DF 4.2009 / 167).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Pan handle, max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pfannenstiel, Max Joseph Jakob (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist, paleontologist and librarian
DATE OF BIRTH July 25, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Wanzenau , Alsace
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1976
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau