Michał Jankowski

Michał Jankowski (1909)

Michał Jankowski Ivanovich ( Russian Михаил Иванович Янковский * September 24 ^jul. / 6. October  1842 ^greg. In Tykocin , † October 10 ^jul. / 23. October  1912 ^greg. In Sochi ) was a Polish - Russian entrepreneur , naturalist , Entomologists and animal breeders .

Life

Jankowski, son of the nobleman Jan Jankowski, spent his childhood on the family estate near Tykocin. Then he studied at the Gory-Gorki Agricultural Institute . In April 1863 he took part in the January uprising together with other students at the institute . In September 1863 he was sentenced to eight years in katorga in Siberia , losing all nobility rights. His feet froze to death on the way in Chita . In 1866 the Katorga period was halved due to an amnesty .

In 1868 Jankowski went to the gold fields at the confluence of the Oljokma in the Lena . In 1872 he traveled to the Far East at the invitation of the naturalist Benedykt Dybowski to take part in a small research expedition.

On Amur Jankowski met the exiled Poles Czaplejewski know who wanted to return to Poland and for his gold field on the island of Askold in Vladivostok was looking for a successor. Yankovsky agreed and went to Vladivostok. After signing the contract in Vladivostok, he was manager of the gold mine on Askold in the spring of 1874. To its management and the fight against belonged to poachers and predators Chinese Hónghúzi . He placed the sika deer and pheasants under protection on the island so that they could breed quickly and be hunted. The orderly management of the gold mine led to an increase in gold production. In 1877 he installed a weather station on the island , the results of which he sent to the Pulkowo Observatory .

Jankowski developed into a naturalist and collected plants, birds, insects and archaeological finds. He sent or sold entire collections to museums in St. Petersburg , Warsaw , France and Germany , from which Charles Oberthür profited. Named after Jankowski: the bunting Emberiza jankowskii , Cygnus columbianus jankowskyi , a subspecies of Pfeifschwans , Pica pica jankowskii , a subspecies of the Elster , the tensioner Thetidia jankowskiaria which saturniidae Rhodinia jankowskii that enthusiasts Marumba jankowskii and Clanis undulosa jankowskii , the tussock moths Ilema jankowskii , the tiger moth Lemyra jankowskii , the cutworm Diomea jankowskii and Zalissa jankowskii and many other butterflies that ground beetles Carabus jankowskii and Agonum jankowskii , the spider wasp Parabatozonus jankowskii , the bumblebee Bombus jankowskii that Seidenbiene jankowskyi Colletes , the water strider Gerris jankowskii that sedge Carex jankowskii and Alpinia jankowskii .

In 1877 he married Olga Lukinitschna Kuznetsova (1855–1933), with whom he soon had two children.

After Jankowski's wife Olga was tussock moths Dicallomera olga named and for his son Alexander Mikhailovich (1876-1944), the soldier fly Geosargus jankowskii that limoniinae Limnophila yankovskyana and Ormosia yankovskyi and mosquito Protanyderus yankovskyi .

In 1879 Jankowski got his nobility back, so that he and his friend Fridolf Höök (1836-1904) settled in 1880 on the Sidimi peninsula (now Jankowski peninsula) in the west of Peter the Great Bay . Jankowski acquired 321 Dessjatinen land and leased another 7,375 Dessjatinen to devote himself to agriculture. He bred sika and taught the world's first ginseng - Plantation one. He bred reindeer and developed a machine for cutting the antlers , which is still used. Over the course of 20 years he bred a new breed of horse adapted to the conditions in the Far East . His horses won prizes at the races in Vladivostok.

Jankowski was an active member of the Society for Exploring the Amur Region. In 1880, during excavations at the mouth of the Sidimi River, he found remains of people from the 8th to 3rd centuries BC. He described the finds and handed them over to the Museum of the East Siberian Department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society . Similar finds were made in the entire Primorye region . This early Iron Age cultural period has been known as the Jankowski culture since 1972, and its range stretched from the Korean coast in the northwest of the Sea of Japan to Laso . In 1889 Jankowski donated for the construction of the museum of the Society for the Study of the Amur Region in Vladivostok and then participated in the design of the museum's collections. In 1894 he supported the trip of the two sons of Grand Duke Nikolai Michailowitsch to Korea to collect butterflies for the Grand Duke's collections, which are now in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. In 1897, Jankowski's son Alexander led Vladimir Leontjewitsch Komarov's expedition to North Korea.

In 1906 he left his estate to his wife and children to settle in Vladivostok. He founded a bookstore and took a stake in a tannery run by the Schuklewitsch, Jankowski & Co. company. After pneumonia , he moved to Semipalatinsk and finally to Soch on the advice of doctors . However, he visited the estate on the Sidimi peninsula every autumn.

After Jankowski were in Slavyanka is a mountain and peninsula named on which he had lived and was built on for him a monument and a street in Vladivostok and other places in the region Primore.

Jankowski's son Juri (1879–1956) continued his father's farm. In the fall of 1922, before the Red Army marched in , he went to Korea with his entire family. When the Red Army invaded North Korea in 1945 , he was arrested and ended his life in the gulag , where he ended up being caretaker.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Новомодный Е. В. Николаев С. Л., Королёв В. А .: МИХАИЛ ИВАНОВИЧ ЯНКОВСКИЙ (May 24, 2018).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Янковский Ю. М .: Полвека охоты на тигров . Уссури, Vladivostok 1990, ISBN 5-85832-001-5 ( nemaloknig.com [accessed May 25, 2018]).
3. ↑ ^{a b} Янковский (Михаил Янович) Михаил Иванович (accessed May 25, 2018).
4. ↑ А. Коротнев: Фауна Байкала . Kiev 1901, p. 1-12 .
5. ↑ Limnophila yankovskyana Alexander (accessed May 26, 2018).
6. ↑ Янковская культура (accessed May 26, 2018).
7. ↑ ЯНКОВСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА (accessed May 26, 2018).
8. ↑ Владивосток. 25 августа состоится церемонии открытия новой улицы (accessed May 26, 2018).