Middle (Cottbus)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
City of Cottbus
Coordinates: 51 ° 45 ′ 41 ″  N , 14 ° 19 ′ 39 ″  E
Height : 75 m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.7 km²
Residents : 10,524  (Oct 31, 2018)
Population density : 6,191 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 03046
Area code : 0355
map
Location of Mitte in Cottbus
Cottbus old market with Nikolaikirche in the Mitte district

Mitte , in Lower Sorbian Srjejź , is a district of the independent city of Cottbus in the state of Brandenburg . It includes the historic city of Cottbus and the former communities of Brunschwig and Ostrow .

location

The Mitte district is centrally located in the city of Cottbus in Niederlausitz . The surrounding districts are Schmellwitz in the north, Sandow in the east, the Spremberger suburb in the south and Ströbitz in the west. The Spree flows east of the district .

State road 49 (formerly B115 ) and federal road 169 to the south run through the district . The Cottbus – Forst (Lausitz) railway with the Cottbus main station also runs south .

history

Since the Mitte district represents the historic city of Cottbus, the history of the district is largely identical to that of the city of Cottbus. The district was first mentioned on November 30, 1156, but the area was settled by German settlers as early as the 3rd or 4th century. In the 8th century the west Slavic tribe of the Lusitzi immigrated to what is now the local area and built a Slavic castle wall on the west bank of the Spree . Cottbus received city rights between 1216 and 1225, and in the 14th century the city was enclosed with a city wall.

From 1445 the city was under the rule of the Mark Brandenburg . In 1468 Cottbus-Mitte was destroyed by a lightning strike, in 1479 the city burned down. During the Thirty Years' War , large parts of Cottbus were destroyed; after the war and the plague , only a few hundred people lived in the city after the end of the war in 1648. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Cottbus-Mitte came to the Kingdom of Prussia , and it had been occupied by Prussia since 1813.

In the 19th century Cottbus experienced an economic boom due to industrialization . The city was connected to the tram and businesses such as a spinning mill emerged . In 1844, today's Mitte district had 8,120 inhabitants in 806 residential buildings, plus a settlement called Bellevue , which had seven inhabitants. Later the cloth industry became particularly important. Due to the economic upturn, the number of inhabitants rose sharply, in 1867 today's district of Mitte had 11,522 inhabitants. In addition there were the Bellevue settlement with 13 residents and Ottilienhof with nine residents. However, due to industrialization and other external influences, the proportion of the Sorbian-speaking population in what is now Cottbus-Mitte decreased significantly. Arnošt Muka counted 25,584 inhabitants for his statistics on the Lusatian Sorbs in 1884, of which only 4,000 were Sorbs, which corresponds to a share of only 16%, a very low proportion for the region and the time (for comparison, the northern one the former community of Schmellwitz and Ströbitz to the west had a Sorbian-speaking share of 100%).

In 1871 the districts of Schlossgebiet, Mühleninsel, Metze and Markgrafeninsel were incorporated into what is now the Mitte district. In 1872 the communities Ostrow and Brunschwig followed with the exception of Brunschwig Rittergut, which was not incorporated into the municipality until 1904. All of these incorporated places form the Mitte district today. Only since the incorporation of Sandow in 1904 and several surrounding communities in July 1950 has the Cottbus city center been referred to under the name Mitte to distinguish it from the city of Cottbus as a whole. Cottbus-Mitte had been in the Cottbus district since 1818 . After the GDR district reform of July 25, 1952, Mitte belonged to the independent city of Cottbus. Cottbus-Mitte has been in the state of Brandenburg since the fall of the Wall .

Population development

Population development in the middle from 1875 to 1890
year Residents
1875 25,827
1890 35.007

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ residents by district. In: cottbus.de. City administration Cottbus - Citizen Service Department, October 31, 2018, accessed on February 16, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurt ad O. 1844, p. 37 ( bsb-muenchen.de ).
  3. ↑ Statistical Bureau of the Royal Government of Frankfurt a. O .: Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt ad O. 1867, online at Google Books , p. 38
  4. ↑ Arnost Muka: Statistika łužiskich Serbow. Wobličenje a wopisanje. , Budyšin 1884-1886, p. 123, online
  5. ↑ Steffen Krestin (ed.): Chronicle of the history of the city of Cottbus . BVB-Verl.-Ges., Nordhorn 2003, ISBN 3-936092-98-2 . P. 48ff.
  6. ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 KB) Brandenburg an der Havel, Cottbus, Frankfurt (Oder), Potsdam. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on June 20, 2018 .

annotation

  1. ↑ During this period the district did not exist statistically under this name, but at that time the city of Cottbus only consisted of what is now the Mitte district.