Mowood

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Mowood
City of Niesky
Coordinates: 51 ° 18 ′ 15 ″  N , 14 ° 46 ′ 45 ″  E
Height : 160 m
Area : 2.56 km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1938
Incorporated into: lake
Postal code : 02906
Area code : 03588

Moholz ( Upper Sorbian Wuhelc ) is a village in Upper Lusatia . Moholz belongs to the district of See in the Saxon town of Niesky ( Görlitz district ).

geography

Measuring table from 1886 with Moholz and Moholz colliery

Moholz adjoins the lake to the north and lies mostly south of the Węgliniec – Falkenberg / Elster railway line . To the north of the railway line and to the east of the town center is the Moholz mine , a former industrial settlement . The federal highway 115 runs in north-south direction about two kilometers east of the place.

Surrounding villages are Kosel in the north, Trebus in the northeast, Niesky in the east and southeast, See in the south and southwest, and Petershain in the northwest.

The area around Moholz is densely wooded, significant mineral resources are clay , alum and lignite .

history

A pot of the spherical amphora culture and an amphora, which were found northwest of the Moholz colliery, are evidence of Neolithic settlement activity in the district.

The village was probably formed in the course of the second phase of German settlement in the 13th or early 14th century. Moholcz was first mentioned in a document around 1350. In the 14th century the village belonged to the Sproitz rule of Belbitz.

Through the Peace of Prague of 1635 , the Bohemian Crown Lands Upper and Lower Lusatia came to the Electorate of Saxony during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) .

The Dominium in Moholz experienced lightning strikes in 1732 and 1834, which burned down farm buildings. A devastating fire broke out in the village on October 18, 1788 due to carelessness. 15 houses, 6 barns and 8 outbuildings fell victim to it.

After the lost Napoleonic Wars , the Kingdom of Saxony, as a French ally, had to cede large parts of its land to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815. In the following year Moholz was incorporated into the Prussian-Silesian district of Rothenburg (Ob. Laus.) .

Prince Friedrich Karl Nikolaus of Prussia held an army show on June 12, 1866 at the Moholzer windmill. The troops were quartered in the area.

In the second half of the 19th century, the colony, known as the Moholzer Ziegelscheune , grew , it had three brickworks , a grinding mill, a sawmill and two coal pits. Due to the latter, the colony was finally given the name Moholz Colliery . In 1890, the Gasthof zum Waldfrieden was built there, and it became a popular Sunday excursion destination for the citizens of Niesky.

On April 1, 1938, several community amalgamations took place in the Rothenburg district, including Moholz came to See .

After the Second World War , Upper Lusatia came back to the state of Saxony, west of the Lusatian Neisse. The estate was expropriated and its lands were redistributed as part of the land reform in 1946. Through the administrative reform of 1952 , the community came to the Niesky district ( Dresden district ).

On April 1, 1974, See was incorporated into Niesky with Moholz .

Population development

year Residents
1825 354
1871 601
1885 574
1905 716
1925 703

In 1777, in Moholz wirtschafteten 9 obsessive man , 6 gardeners and 22 cottagers .

In the 19th century the number of inhabitants rose from 354 in 1825 to 601 in 1871. After a brief decline, the number rose to 716 by 1905, but fell again to 703 by 1925, which corresponds to about doubling compared to 1825 in a 100-year comparison .

The Sorbs originally made up a large proportion of the population, but at the beginning of 1880 Arnošt Muka was only able to identify 32 Sorbs among the approximately 600 inhabitants, which corresponds to a 5 percent share.

Place name

Documented forms of the place name include Moholcz (around 1350), Mohulcz (1399), Mohoulcz (1446), Oholcz (1462), Moholtz (1533) and Moholz (1791).

The Sorbian name is documented as Wuhelz (1800), Wujelz (1835) and Wuhelc (1843).

The name is probably derived from the Old Sorbian word uhel ' "Hohlzkohle" (also: Upper Sorbian wuhl, wuhel "coal") and thus refers to coal-burning activities . The initial M of the German name can possibly be traced back to a preposition that still exists (vo m , a m , bei m ) .

literature

  • City administration Niesky (Ed.): 650 years of the lake. 1346-1996. Views and moments . 1996.
  • From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District . Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 978-3-929091-96-0 , p. 303 ff .
  • Robert Pohl: Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home . 1st edition. Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1924, p. 259 f .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Digital historical place directory of Saxony. Retrieved June 9, 2009 .
  2. ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Oberlausitz toponymy - studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book . In: German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . tape 28 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 188 f .

Web links

Commons : Moholz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files