Morávka (river)

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Morávka
Morávka near Raškovice

Morávka near Raškovice

Data
location Czech Republic
River system Or
Drain over Ostravice  → Oder  → Stettiner Haff
origin on the northwest slope of Sulov in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids
49 ° 30 ′ 8 ″  N , 18 ° 32 ′ 35 ″  E
Source height 880  m nm
muzzle near Frýdek in Ostravice coordinates: 49 ° 40 ′ 19 ″  N , 18 ° 21 ′ 27 ″  E 49 ° 40 ′ 19 ″  N , 18 ° 21 ′ 27 ″  E
Mouth height 289  m nm
Height difference 591 m
Bottom slope 20 ‰
length 29.6 km
Catchment area 149.3 km²
Drain MQ
 3.43 m³ / s
Reservoirs flowed through Morávka dam
Medium-sized cities Frýdek-Místek
Water drainage via the Morávka-Žermanice Canal to stabilize the water level in the Lučina

The Morávka is a river in the Moravskoslezský kraj in the east of the Czech Republic . The 29.6 kilometer long water is the largest tributary of the Ostravice . Its catchment area is 149 km² and includes the central part of the Moravian-Silesian Beskids and the Okres Frýdek-Místek . The river is 19 kilometers long with pleasure boats.

The name is connected with the name of the Moravian region, but it lies in the Cieszyn Silesia or in the Silesian part of Lachei .

Characteristic

The upper reaches of the Morávka are located in the middle of a mountain region that is one of the wettest in the Czech Republic. The annual rainfall is 1200 to 1300 mm. Morávka and its tributaries are therefore on average significantly richer in water than rivers in the lowlands with the same catchment area. The deviations in the flow are large depending on the weather. In the past, especially during heavy summer rains, this meant, on the one hand, severe erosion on the upper reaches, and, on the other hand, the deposition of thick layers of alluvial gravel and destructive changes in the river bed on the lower reaches. Only in the 20th century was it possible to roughly stabilize the bed of the Morávka with the construction of small thresholds, dams, river regulation and a barrage that controls the upper part of the catchment area.

On the lower reaches, the bed has a largely natural shape with gravel alluvium, bays and rapids . It is one of the last mountain rivers almost preserved in its original state. That is why the protected areas National Natural Monument Skalická Morávka (2007 on 102 hectares) and Natural Monument Profil Morávky (1990 on 50 hectares) have been declared on this section of the Morávka . The ash-alder forests and the bank areas provide a habitat for many rare animal and plant species, for example the critically endangered German tamarisk or the river wolf spider .

course

Morávka rises on the north-western slope of Mount Sulov (942 m) in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids at an altitude of around 880 mnm. The source is north of the settlement Bílý Kříž on the state border with Slovakia and the European main watershed Oder-Danube. The Černá Ostravice rises just a few hundred meters further south .

The main direction of flow of the Morávka from the source to the mouth is approximately northwest. First it flows north through a mountain valley. The gradient in this section is considerable - the Morávka drops by around 300 meters in the first five kilometers. The landscape is only minimally populated; Only small settlements of the Morávka commune are scattered around the area.

In the settlement of Uspolka, the first major tributary, the Nytrová brook, flows from the right. Somewhat deeper, about 10 kilometers from the source, at the confluence with the Slavíč stream, the Morávka reservoir was built between 1961 and 1964, which serves as a source of drinking water and flood protection. The slope of the valley is already lower here - Morávka loses about 90 meters in altitude from the fifth to the tenth kilometer of the path. The first larger settlement, the core of the Morávka municipality, is located below the reservoir. The average flow rate in the place is 1.79 m² / s.

The river turns to the northwest here. On the right side it is lined with the Čupele massif . On the left, the valley opens gradually. The gradient is further reduced to 60 meters between the tenth and fifteenth kilometers. The municipalities of Pražmo and Raškovice are on the left bank . The last large tributary, the Mohelnice, flows into Pražmo from the left, and a little deeper on the weir between Raškovice and Vyšní Lhoty , part of the Morávka is directed to the Morávka-Žermanice Canal , which flows into the Lučina in Vojkovice . The building from the 1950s and 1960s was originally intended to divert part of the water into the Lučina during floods. Today it mainly improves the status of the Lučina and the Žermanice reservoir located on it in dry periods.

The gradient is constant on the lower reaches - on the last 15 kilometers the Morávka sinks around 50 meters for every five kilometers. On the right bank are the municipalities of Nižní Lhoty , Nošovice and Dobrá , while the Strážnice and Vrchy hills on the left bank divert the river shortly to the north. Behind the natural monument Profil Morávky the river Staré Město and Frýdek passes , where it finally flows into the Ostravice from the right.

Tributaries

  • Right : Lúčka, Nytrová, Slavíč, Lipový potok and Malý Lipový potok
  • Left : Kocouří potok, Vlaský potok and Mohelnice

Web links

Commons : Morávka  - collection of images, videos and audio files