National Film Development Corporation

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Official logo of the home video marketing of National Film Development Corporation Ltd (NFDC), India

The National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) ( Hindi राष्ट्रीय फिल्म विकास निगम rāṣṭrīya philm vikās nigam ) is the state film subsidy of India . She acts as a financier, producer and marketer of films that are primarily attributable to parallel cinema, but in the past had also performed other tasks related to Indian filmmaking . It is based in Mumbai .

history

Film Finance Corporation

Indian state film funding was created in 1960 in the form of the Film Finance Corporation (FFC) . This implemented a recommendation made in the final report of the SK Patil Film Inquiry Committee founded in 1951 . Its first president became the producer Birendra Nath Sircar . The FFC was initially subordinate to the Indian Ministry of Finance and from 1964 belonged to the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting . Its original role was to support the mainstream film industry by providing financial and other aid in the production of more sophisticated films, which in the first six years of its existence provided loans to around 50 film productions. The supported film projects in this early phase also included artistic films such as Satyajit Rays Charulata (1964), Nayak (1966) and Goopy Gyne Bagha Byne (1968).

Under the chairmanship of Burjor Khurshedji Karanjia , the focus of film funding changed at the end of the 1960s from mainstream cinema to smaller, artistically oriented film projects. The sponsorship of Mrinal Sens Bhuvan Shome and Mani Kauls Uski Roti (both 1969) founded the New Indian Cinema movement , which in the 1970s produced an internationally recognized Indian parallel cinema . This went hand in hand with the task of the FFC, revised in 1971 by the I&B Ministry, “to develop film in India into an effective instrument for the dissemination of national culture, education and decent entertainment, in particular by providing credit to outsider films by talented and promising filmmakers become". Graduates of all professions of the state film school Film and Television Institute of India in Pune have benefited from this directive, as it has enabled them to start their careers.

Since it turned out that the subsidized films had hardly any performance opportunities on the free cinema market without a corresponding distribution and that these were therefore not financially viable, the tasks of the FFC were expanded to include film distribution and export as early as 1968 . From 1973 the import of raw film was also handled by the FFC and after the US Motion Picture Export Association of America (MPEAA) withdrew from the Indian market in 1974, the FFC also took over the import of foreign films for distribution in India. The FFC soon drew its main income from the latter, which pushed its own film funding increasingly into the background in the late 1970s. From 1975 the I & B Ministry planned to bundle state film-related activities in one company.

National Film Development Corporation

Through the merger of the Film Finance Corporation with the state-owned Indian Motion Pictures Export Corporation (IMPEC) in 1980, the export of domestic and the import of foreign films were bundled in one organization and today's National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) was created. From 1981 to 1988 it was the umbrella organization for the Directorate of Film Festivals , which organizes the International Film Festival of India , and was responsible for the panorama screenings of international films. With its financial and other support services in the production of Richard Attenborough's British-Indian film project Gandhi (1982), the NFDC was regarded for the first time as an independent production company. From 1983 she appeared regularly as a producer and was named as such in the film credits . The NFDC stepped up its direct film investments in the 1980s and 1990s, often through co-productions with Indian state television Doordarshan , which shielded them from industrial pressures. In addition, she began producing and distributing video cassettes for international and selected national films, with subtitling in the NFDC's own studio in Bombay.

The rapid expansion of the NFDC's remit, with frequent changes in internal guidelines, was one of the NFDC's main problems in the 1980s, while at the same time the lack of a clear definition of its role in relation to Indian film. Those responsible saw themselves as a plaything of state politics and taxation and complained about the expectations of commercial marketing of the NFDC-produced films. Hrishikesh Mukherjee , chairman of the NFDC in 1983 and 1984, complained in 1984 that the system of distribution and performance in India, especially in large cities, is characterized by under-the-hand deals, which means that work in this field is without being involved make it impossible to participate in this practice. The ministry, which in the late 1970s had not seen any contradiction in its demand for box office success in good quality artistic films, measured good Indian cinema from now on and to this day by obtaining National Film Awards and other domestic prizes and participating in international film festivals . This turning point also led to the realization that the distribution network, production and advertising costs could not keep up with industrial film productions, although the NFDC productions Jaane Bhi Do Yaaro (1983), Mirch Masala (1986) and Pestonjee (1987) were also comparatively speaking Reached a large audience. From 1987 to 1990 the National Film Development Corporation published the high quality but short-lived quarterly film magazine "Cinema in India".

In the mid-1990s, the collaboration between Doordarshan and the NFDC, which had taken over the Doordarshan stations Metro Channel and Movie Club, ended. While film funding previously tended to focus on Hindi film productions rather than all-Indian films, since the 1990s attention has turned particularly to film productions in the numerous Indian regional languages. But mismanagement weakened the NFDC in the early 2000s. With a new management headed by Nina Lath Gupta , the NFDC was restructured from 2006. The NFDC has presented its work every year since 2007 as part of the "Film Bazaar" event at the International Film Festival of India in Goa . In addition to the launch of films at international film festivals, the restoration and marketing of old and new productions on the DVD market as well as theatrical releases under the programmatic label “Cinemas of India” have also had priority since 2010. The NFDC even co-finances book publications.

The budget of the NFDC is currently several hundred million rupees . She has multiplied her turnover under Managing Director Gupta. The honorary office of chairman has been held by director Ramesh Sippy since 2012 , who took over from the actor Om Puri , who had previously been the chairman since 2008 .

Awards

Even when the FFC / NFDC only granted financial support, numerous projects it sponsored were already receiving film awards. In its work as a film producer, the National Film Development Corporation received the following National Film Awards :

literature

  • Entry for National Film Development Corporation . In Ashish Rajadhyaksha, Paul Willemen: Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema , p. 162
  • Mr Chairman (pp. 192-209) and Chairman Again (pp. 221-236). In: BK Karanjia's autobiography Counting My Blessings , New Delhi 2005, ISBN 0670058491 (when he was chairman of the FFC or NFDC)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ NFDC creates buzz in Cannes film market , The Indian Express of May 22, 2008
  2. ↑ Scripting a dramatic change in The Hindu, November 22, 2012
  3. ↑ India's Indie Scene Gets Boost from NFDC Film Bazaar in The Hollywood Reporter of November 30, 2011
  4. ^ NFDC plays yesterday once more in The Times of India on March 27, 2012
  5. ↑ http://www.nfdcindia.com/cinemasofindia/default.htm
  6. ↑ NFDC and Kamal Swaroop trace Phalke! dated May 2, 2013
  7. ↑ NFDC got Rs 13.60 crore grant for 2012-13 from I & B Ministry from December 20, 2012
  8. ↑ Nina Gupta, Guneet Monga in Hollywood Reporter's women Achievers' list, December 7, 2012
  9. ^ Ramesh Sippy new NFDC chairperson in Hindustan Times, January 17, 2012
  10. ↑ Om Puri to be the Chairman of NFDC ( Memento of the original from May 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in Indian Express dated April 23, 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / screen.indianexpress.com