Gandhi (film)

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Movie
Original title Gandhi
Country of production UK , India
original language English
Publishing year 1982
length 181 minutes
Age rating FSK 12
Rod
Director Richard Attenborough
script John Briley
production Richard Attenborough
music Ravi Shankar
camera Ronnie Taylor
Billy Williams
cut John Bloom
occupation

Gandhi is a British-Indian film directed by Richard Attenborough in the year 1982 . It tells the life story of the Indian independence fighter Mohandas Gandhi , known as Mahatma Gandhi.

The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 1983 Academy Awards , of which it won eight, including Best Picture . Ben Kingsley won the Best Actor Award .

action

The film begins in 1948 with the murder of Gandhi by Nathuram Godse and then looks back on his life and work. Gandhi went to South Africa in 1893 after studying in Great Britain and practicing as a lawyer in Bombay. There he is initially only supposed to solve a legal dispute, but then learns the consequences of apartheid first hand . He campaigns for the rights of the Indians living in South Africa and develops the principle of non-violent resistance. After several non-violent protests, the government in South Africa gives in and changes some discriminatory laws in favor of the Indians. Back in India he founds the Harijan Ashram and takes over the leadership of the Congress Party . In his efforts to achieve Indian independence, he calls for a " campaign of non-cooperation ". Gandhi is arrested, but is released a little later. The UK government enacts emergency laws which, among other things, prohibit gatherings. From the Indian side, further protests followed, including those directed against the British cotton monopoly. When around 1,500 people gathered in Amritsar in 1919, contrary to an assembly ban , and non-violently protesting for India's independence, they were shot at by some soldiers from the British Army and at least 379 people died. In memory of this “ Amritsar massacre ”, the film is followed by a two-minute break with black images and sitar music . Gandhi, who negotiates regularly with the British colonial government, tells the British that it is time for them to leave. He announced that "100,000 British 350 million Indians will not rule permanently against their will". The tensions between the British and Indians are growing. When police beat some participants in a protest march, violence escalated, police were killed and riots broke out across the country. Gandhi fasts with the aim of stopping the unrest, which he does.

A few years later, Gandhi initiated the Salt March in 1930 , which is said to express the civil disobedience of the Indian people. He is sentenced to several years in prison by the British colonial government, but is later released. After India gained independence in 1947, rioting broke out between Hindus and Muslims. The division of India into India and Pakistan, consisting of East and West Pakistan , plays a role here. To end the massacres of the religious groups, Gandhi fasted again and successfully ended the violence. The film ends with its opening scene: Gandhi is murdered.

background

The glasses worn by Ben Kingsley in the film in the City Palace Museum in Udaipur

Anthony Hopkins and Alec Guinness were initially discussed for the role of Gandhi . With high production costs and an estimated budget of 22 million US dollars, authentic film sets were created on location in India and in Shepperton Studios in England . The British-Indian co-production was funded by international film investors, the National Film Development Corporation Ltd. of India , Goldcrest Films International and Indo-British Films Ltd. financed. Filming began on November 26, 1980 in India and lasted until May 10, 1981. On January 31, 1981, the 33rd anniversary of Gandhi's funeral, the scene was also created in which Gandhi was carried "to the grave" in the film. At the time of production, this was the scene with the most extras. Almost 300,000 extras were hired, almost 200,000 of them volunteers. The rest, around 94,600 people, received a small fee. Eleven camera teams were needed to shoot this single scene.

The premiere took place in New Delhi, the US premiere followed shortly afterwards in December 1982.

Awards (selection)

Academy Awards 1983

Golden Globe Awards 1983

British Academy Film Awards 1983

Directors Guild of America Award 1983

The British Film Institute voted Gandhi 34th Best British Films of All Time in 1999 .

Voice actor

The voice actors for the German version:

Reviews

“Monumental historical film biography about Mahatma Gandhi, which presents his life path in the most important stations in an epic calm narrative style and with careful historical reconstruction of the local color. Thanks mainly to Ben Kingsley's outstanding performance, the film succeeds in conveying something of Gandhi's charisma and his ideals of non-violence, human dignity and peace on earth. In addition to the visual design, the humanistic worldview also makes the film an experience. "

literature

  • Wolfgang Benner: Booklet to the film Gandhi by Richard Attenborough . Atlas Forum. Atlas-Film + -AV, Duisburg 1987, 35 pages, ISBN 3-88932-891-1 .
  • Gerald Gold: Gandhi , illustrated biography, epilogue: Richard Attenborough , Bastei-Verlag GHLübbe, Bergisch Gladbach 1983, ISBN 3-404-28107-X . In addition to 125 historical photos that accompany the biographical text, the volume contains color and comparative black-and-white photos of the film of the same name as well as comments on the shooting in the afterword.
  • Hans-Jürgen Kubiak: The Oscar Films. The best films from 1927/28 to 2004. The best non-English language films from 1947 to 2004. The best animated films from 2001 to 2004 . Schüren, Marburg 2005, ISBN 3-89472-386-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. synchronkartei.de: Gandhi. Retrieved September 25, 2015 .
  2. Gandhi. In: Lexicon of International Films . Film service , accessed November 9, 2016 .Template: LdiF / Maintenance / Access used