National Development Society Movement

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
National movement of the development company
MNSD-Nassara
Party leader Seini Oumarou
Deputy Chairman Ali Sabo
founding March 18, 1991
Headquarters Niamey , Niger
newspaper Le Nassara
Colours) green and red
Parliament seats 20 of 171
Website mnsdnassara.org

The National Movement of the Development Society ( French : Mouvement National de la Société de Développement-Nassara , abbreviation: MNSD-Nassara ) is a political party in Niger .

Alignment

The term “development company” was coined in Niger from 1976 by Seyni Kountché , who was head of state from 1974 to 1987. The model is based on the principles of consultation, understanding and participation (French: consultation , concertation , participation ), which are to be implemented in the transfer of responsibility to local institutions and as a participatory democracy .

The self-description on the MNSD-Nassara website states:

«L'essentiel de notre action politique vise la construction d'une Nation unie et solidaire tendue vers le même idéal et mue par une même volonté de progrès d'une part, et d'autre part la participation responsable de tous les nigériens à la Research de solutions aux problems de development économique, social et culturel. »

- MNSD-Nassara : Nos valeurs

“The focus of our political action is on the one hand the building of a united nation based on solidarity, which strives for the same ideal and is driven by the same will to progress, and on the other hand the independent participation of all Nigerien in the search for solutions to problems of economic, social and cultural development. "

- MNSD-Nassara : Our values

The MNSD-Nassara is considered a party that seeks to unite tradition and modernity as well as the different ethnic groups of the country. It has its traditional strongholds with the Hausa of the Maradi region and the Songhai and Zarma of the Tillabéri region . The nickname Nassara comes from the Hausa language and means "victory". The party newspaper is called Le Nassara .

history

After Seyni Kountché's death in 1987, under whose rule there was no parliament or political parties, his follower Ali Saibou became head of state. Saibou created a one-party system in March 1989 and founded the National Development Society Movement as a state party. In the parliamentary elections of 1989 , all 93 seats went to candidates on this single list.

Party Chairman and President Mamadou Tandja (2005)

After the introduction of the multi-party system under Saibou, the party was re-established on March 18, 1991, which was able to continue to build on the networks that were still in place at the time of Kountché. On November 8, 1991, Mamadou Tandja , who had already been involved in the founding of the state party in 1989, became chairman of the MNSD-Nassara. Adamou Moumouni Djermakoye , Tandja's rival for the party chairmanship, then founded his own party with the ANDP-Zaman Lahiya .

In the parliamentary elections of 1993 , the first free multi-party elections in the country's history, the MNSD-Nassara received a relative majority of the votes and 29 of the 83 seats in the National Assembly . However, he faced a parliamentary majority of 50 members who belonged to the nine-party coalition Alliance of Forces of Change and whose common goal was an end to the rule of the MNSD-Nassara. In the presidential elections of 1993 , MNSD Nassara candidate Mamadou Tandja had to surrender in a runoff election to Mahamane Ousmane , the candidate of the CDS-Rahama alliance party . President Ousmane appointed Mahamadou Issoufou of the Alliance party PNDS-Tarayya as prime minister and the MNSD-Nassara went into opposition.

The PNDS-Tarayya left the Alliance of Forces for Change in 1994 and allied itself with the MNSD-Nassara in the opposition. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 , the MNSD-Nassara again won 29 out of 83 seats and a relative majority in the National Assembly. President Mahamane Ousmane's CDS-Rahama and their remaining coalition partners were unable to regain their parliamentary majority. Ousmane then first appointed Amadou Boubacar Cissé from the MNSD-Nassara as Prime Minister, but against the will of the party, from which Cissé was excluded shortly afterwards. The President was now forced to appoint Hama Amadou , Secretary General of the MNSD-Nassara, as Prime Minister against his wishes . A mutual blockade policy between the President and Parliament ( cohabitation ) was the result.

Canvassing for the MNSD, Agadez , 1996–1997.

A coup d'état in 1996 brought Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara to power. In the interim government under Prime Minister Boukary Adji , the MNSD-Nassara was represented by the Minister of Education Moumouni Aïssata , the Minister of Trade and Industry Jacques Nignon and the State Secretary for Social Development Harouna Niandou . Maïnassara had rigged parliamentary and presidential elections held, which earned him and his party UNIRD huge majorities. In the 1996 presidential election won by Maïnassara , Mamadou Tandja ran as MNSD Nassara candidate and officially came third. The parliamentary elections of 1996 , however, were boycotted by the MNSD-Nassara as well as by the PNDS-Tarayya and the CDS-Rahama, which joined together in the opposition alliance Front for the Restoration and Defense of Democracy . Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara was killed in a 1999 coup led by Daouda Malam Wanké .

The following presidential elections in 1999 won Mamadou Tandja, who constitutionally resigned as party chairman. The party chairmanship of the MNSD-Nassara initially took over Hamidou Sékou . In the parliamentary elections of 1999 , the MNSD-Nassara was able to improve to 38 of 83 seats and formed a coalition government with the CDS-Rahama under Prime Minister Hama Amadou, who in 2001 succeeded Hamidou Sékou as party chairman of the MNSD-Nassara. In the presidential election of 2004 Tandja was able to defend his office. The parliamentary elections of 2004 brought the MNSD-Nassara 47 out of 113 seats and again a parliamentary majority with its allies. Prime Minister Hama Amadou stumbled upon a vote of no confidence over corruption charges in 2007 and was replaced by Seini Oumarou , who also succeeded him as party leader in 2009. President Mamadou Tandja had won an internal party power struggle with Hama Amadou. Amadou founded a new party with the MODEN-FA Lumana Africa , which permanently weakened the MNSD-Nassara. As a result, five other MPs who were on Amadou's side were expelled from the party, including Hadiza Moussa Gros .

In the same year, President Tandja began to seek a third term in office that was not provided for in the constitution. For this purpose he switched off the Constitutional Court and dissolved the National Assembly. In the constitutional referendum boycotted by the opposition in 2009 , he had the repeal of the term limits and a significant expansion of the powers of the president confirmed. In the parliamentary elections in Niger in 2009 , which were also boycotted by the main opposition parties, the MNSD-Nassara received 76 out of 113 seats in the National Assembly. In 2010, a coup led by Salou Djibo ended Tandja's term in office.

The 2011 presidential elections brought victory to Mahamadou Issoufou from PNDS Tarayya. Seini Oumarou, the party leader of the MNSD-Nassara, came in second. In the parliamentary elections of 2011 , in which the PNDS-Tarayya won the most votes, the MNSD-Nassara received 25 of 113 seats in the National Assembly. The party has been in opposition again since then. After giving up their opposition role against the party line, Albadé Abouda , former Secretary General of the MNSD-Nassara, and several loyalists with the party Patriotic Movement for the Republic (MPR-Jamhuriya) split off in October 2015 . In the 2016 general election , MNSD-Nassara won 20 out of 171 seats in the National Assembly. Seini Oumarou re-entered the running for the party in the 2016 presidential election, finishing third of fifteen candidates.

literature

  • Jibrin Ibrahim and Abdoulaye Niandou Souley : The Rise to Power of an Opposition Party: The MNSD in Niger Republic . In: Adebayo O. Olukoshi (Ed.): The Politics of Opposition in Contemporary Africa . Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Uppsala 1998, ISBN 91-7106-419-2 , p. 144-170 .

Web links

Commons : National Development Society Movement  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Nos valeurs ( Memento of March 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). MNSD-Nassara website, accessed October 8, 2012.
  2. ↑ a b c d Abdourahmane Idrissa and Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th ed., Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , p. 375.
  3. ^ Mamoudou Gazibo: La vertu des procédures démocratiques: élections et mutation des comportements politiques au Niger . In: Roland Marchal (Ed.): Justice et réconciliation: ambiguïtés et impensés. Politique africaine No. 92 . Karthala, Paris 2003, p. 148.
  4. ↑ La situation de la communication pour le développement au Niger (Etat des lieux). Tome 1. (PDF file; 461 kB) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003, p. 34 , accessed on November 1, 2019 (French).
  5. ^ Niger: Parliamentary elections Assemblée nationale, 1989 . Inter-Parliamentary Union website , accessed October 11, 2012.
  6. ↑ Notre histoire ( Memento of March 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). MNSD Nassara website, accessed October 6, 2012.
  7. ↑ CV Mamadou Tandja , peoplepill.com; accessed on March 21, 2020.
  8. ↑ Abdourahmane Idrissa and Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th ed., Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , p. 373.
  9. ↑ Niger: Parliamentary elections Assemblée nationale, 1993 . Inter-Parliamentary Union website , accessed September 25, 2012.
  10. ↑ Jibrin Ibrahim: Transition et successions politiques au Niger . In: Momar-Coumba Diop and Mamadou Diouf (eds.): Les figures du politique en Afrique. Des pouvoirs hérités aux pouvoirs élus . Karthala, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-86537-964-7 , p. 201.
  11. ↑ a b c d Elections in Niger . African Elections Database, published October 30, 2011, accessed October 13, 2012.
  12. ↑ Le gouvernement du Niger, formé le 23 août 1996 ( Memento of March 2, 2005 in the Internet Archive ). Afrique Express website, accessed October 9, 2012.
  13. ↑ Les partis politiques nigériens, leurs leaders respectifs et les pratiques politiques inavouables ( Memento of February 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). Website africatime.com, published March 1, 2004, accessed October 11, 2012.
  14. ↑ Président ( Memento of March 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). MNSD-Nassara website, accessed October 8, 2012.
  15. ↑ Au MNSD Nassara: exclusion de huit grosses pointures . Liberation-Niger website, published April 26, 2009, accessed October 1, 2012.
  16. ↑ Creation du MPR Jamhuriya Un parti "comité de soutien" à la réélection de Issoufou , Niger Diaspora on 15 October 2015; accessed on March 21, 2020
  17. ^ Niger: Assemblée nationale (National Assembly). Last elections. Inter-Parliamentary Union, 2016, accessed March 13, 2016 .
  18. ↑ Results globaux provisoires. Commission Électorale Nationale Indépendante, February 2016, archived from the original on February 23, 2016 ; accessed on March 13, 2016 (French).