Oberaussem

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Oberaussem
City of Bergheim
Coordinates: 50 ° 58 ′ 26 ″  N , 6 ° 40 ′ 40 ″  E
Height : 93 m
Area : 10.72 km²
Residents : 5812  (Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 542 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1975
Postal code : 50129
Area code : 02271
View of Oberaussem

Oberaußem is a district of the city of Bergheim in the Rhein-Erft district . The place is in the northern part of the city. Until 1974 Oberaussem-Fortuna was an independent municipality in the Bergheim district (Erft) . The district of Fortuna also belonged to this municipality, which had to give way to an open- cast lignite mine and its inhabitants were therefore relocated.

history

Antiquity

Finds from the surrounding area have already been documented in the early days. A burial mound in the Bethlehem Forest was preserved until around 1950 . Settlement of the region around Oberaussems dates back to the time of Roman rule of the Rhineland from approx. 50 BC. BC before. This can be proven by numerous finds. On the one hand, there is evidence of a water pipe that was laid from the Oberaußemer Bohnenbach to Niederaußem, where grave boxes from this time were found in the area of ​​the Fortuna-Nord briquette factory . On the other hand, it can be assumed that there was a Roman road starting from Quadriburgum and that it is identical to today's Reutergasse. In 1898, half a follis was found in a neighboring field , dating from around AD 527-565. However, since the Romans were expelled from today's Bergheim urban area by the Franks in AD 355 , it can be assumed that the road continued to be used by the Franks was an important trade route. Oberaussem was settled at the latest in the Frankish period. Some of the Oberaussem estates, some of which have been abandoned today, probably also date from this era.

middle Ages

Oberaussem and Niederaussem were mentioned in 962 under the common name of Ouleshem . In the Middle Ages , the imperial abbey of Kornelimünster maintained a labor yard with numerous dependent estates and a man chamber with 31 feudal estates , the feudal bearers of which were obliged to serve the abbot for military service.

Modern times

During the Napoleonic Wars , the Oberaussemer Fleurshof was used as a hospital for wounded French officers . According to old Oberaussem traditions, Napoleon also visited his officers in Oberaussem during his stay in Bergheim.

19./20. century

As in Niederaussem, the place was transformed by brown coal and the resulting industrialization. The Fortuna briquette factory and the Fortuna power plant were built south of the village . The Fortuna miners' settlement was built south of the industrial site at the beginning of the 20th century ; it extended to the Bethlehem monastery .

Fortuna's history ended with the opening of the Bergheim opencast mine in the early 1980s. The place fell victim to the opencast mine. The power station closed in 1988. Today the Barbarakapelle, the steeple of the Barbarakirche on the forecourt of St. Vinzentius and the power plant turbine on Theodor-Bondü-Platz remind of the settlement and the power plant Fortuna.

On January 1, 1975, the municipality of Oberaußem-Fortuna was incorporated into the district town of Bergheim.

present

The lignite mining also brought with it local recreation areas. The Glessener Höhe , a planted (recultivated) spoil dump with numerous cycling and hiking trails, begins directly behind Oberaussem .

The community center, built in 1980, and Theodor-Bondü-Platz, named after a long-time headmaster, where the two shopping streets, Büsdorfer and Bergheimer Straße, meet, form the center of the town today.

St. Vincent

Oberaußem has a primary school , several kindergartens , a secondary school and a swimming pool on the border with Niederaussem, as well as a private retirement and nursing home on Sandberg. The proportion of foreigners in 2010 was 8.3 percent (as of December 31, 2010).

Numerous events take place in the community center built in 1980. Interested citizens have come together to form a local history association, which also publishes publications on the history of the place. In 2008 a coat of arms tree was erected on the forecourt of the community center, bearing the coats of arms of local associations and groups.

Buildings

Mention in the "tin drum"

Oberaußem found its way into world literature. In the novel “ Die Blechtrommel ”, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature Günter Grass , who lived in town for a short time after the Second World War , describes the view from the old cemetery of the Fortuna power station. At the beginning of 2006, a bronze plaque with an inscription was placed on the cemetery wall to commemorate this. The memorial plaque is based on a design by a former student colleague of Grass at the Düsseldorf Art Academy , the sculptor Heinz Klein-Arendt from Oberaußem , who died in July 2005 and could no longer finish the plaque.

literature

  • Josef Dürbaum: Local history of the municipality of Oberaußem. 1912, new edition 2000, Hans-Josef Weck, Hans-Joachim Mörs, Carsten Meyer
  • Christian Kämmerling: 100 years of the parish church of St. Vinzentius. 1981

Web links

Commons : Oberaußem  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.bergheim.de/statistik.aspx
  2. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 300 .
  3. ↑ Reminder of Günter Grass ( Memento of the original from March 31, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Reports on the website of the Oberaussem district forum from December 20, 2005 (accessed October 17, 2009). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadtteilforum-oberaussem.de