1900 Summer Olympics / Swimming

1900 Summer Olympics Swimming
information
venue	Asnières-sur-Seine
Competition venue	His
Nations	12
Athletes	76 (76 )
date	August 11-19, 1900
decisions	7th
← Athens 1896 St. Louis 1904 →

In the French capital Paris during the World Fair ( Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Paris ) discharged international competitions for Physical Education and Sport (Concours Internationaux d'Exercices physiques et de Sports) included competitions in swimming , which is part of the Summer Olympic Games 1900 (Games of the II. Olympiad) were.

At that time, swimming was not just a sport for amateurs, especially long-distance swimming , encouraged by the keen interest in canal swimming , a professional scene had developed. That is why there was also a competition in 4,000-meter freestyle swimming for professionals in Paris, which, according to Pierre de Coubertin , the founder of the modern Olympic Games , and according to the IOC, is not considered Olympic .

Start of a swimming competition

The IOC assigns 7 competitions in swimming to the Olympic program of the Games of the II Olympiad. 76 athletes from twelve nations took part. The swimming competitions took place between August 11th and 19th in open water in a flood basin of the Seine near Asnières-sur-Seine .

The swimming competitions seem a bit strange from today's perspective, because four of the seven competitions were disciplines that were only held at the games in Paris. This includes underwater swimming, obstacle swimming and team swimming. Swimming over 4000 meters was never again included in an Olympic program, although a long-distance swim was held for the first time in 2008, but the distance is many times longer at ten kilometers.

Balance sheet

Medal table

space	country			Third	total
1	Great Britain	2	-	1	3
2	Australia	2	-	-	2
	German Empire	2	-	-	2
4th	France	1	2	2	5
5	Austria	-	3	1	4th
6th	Hungary	-	2	1	3
7th	Denmark	-	-	1	1
	Netherlands	-	-	1	1
total		7th	7th	7th	21st

Medalist

discipline	silver	bronze	Third
200 m freestyle	Frederick Lane	Zoltán from Halmay	Karl Ruberl
1000 m freestyle	John Arthur Jarvis	Otto Wahle	Zoltán from Halmay
4000 m freestyle	John Arthur Jarvis	Zoltán from Halmay	Louis Martin
200 m back	Ernst Hoppenberg	Karl Ruberl	Johannes Drost
200 m team	German Swimming Association Ernst Hoppenberg , Max Hainle , Julius Frey , Max Schöne , Herbert von Petersdorff	Tritons Lilloise Maurice Hochepied , J. Bertrand , Victor Hochepied , Jules Verbecke , Victor Cadet	Pupilles de Neptune de Lille René Tartara , Désiré Merchez , Louis Martin , Jean Leuillieux , P. Houben
200 m obstacle	Frederick Lane	Otto Wahle	Peter Kemp
Underwater swimming	Charles de Vendeville	André Six	Peder Lykkeberg

Results

200 m freestyle

space	country	athlete	Time (in minutes)
1	OUT	Frederick Lane	2: 25.2
2	HUN	Zoltán from Halmay	2: 31.4
3	AUT	Karl Ruberl	2: 32.0
4th	GBR	Richard Crawshaw	2: 45.6
5	FRA	Maurice Hochepied	2: 53.0
6th	GBR	Frederick Stapleton	2: 55.0
7th	FRA	Jules Clévenot	2: 56.2
8th	GER	Julius Frey	2: 58.2
9	FRA	Louis Martin	k. A.
-	AUT	Otto Wahle	DNS

Lane gets out of the water after his victory

Date: August 11th and 12th

26 swimmers from nine nations took part. The respective winners and five other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from five heats. However, the final was only contested with nine swimmers, as Otto Wahle did not start. The 200 meters were swum downstream without turning, which led to quite remarkable times.

1000 m freestyle

space	country	athlete	Time (in minutes)
1	GBR	John Arthur Jarvis	13: 40.2
2	AUT	Otto Wahle	14: 53.6
3	HUN	Zoltán from Halmay	15: 16.4
4th	GER	Max Hainle	15: 22.6
5	FRA	Louis Martin	16: 30.4
6th	FRA	Jean Leuillieux	16: 53.2
7th	FRA	Maurice Hochepied	16: 53.4
8th	FRA	Jules Verbecke	17: 13.8
9	SWE	Erik Erickson	17: 50.0
-	GBR	Thomas William Burgess	DNF

Date: August 11th and 12th

16 swimmers from six nations took part. The respective winners and six other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from four heats. The 1000 meters were swum downstream without turning, which led to quite remarkable times.

4000 m freestyle

space	country	athlete	Time (in hours)
1	GBR	John Arthur Jarvis	0: 58: 24.0
2	HUN	Zoltán from Halmay	1: 08: 55.4
3	FRA	Louis Martin	1: 13: 08.4
4th	GBR	Thomas W. Burgess	1: 15: 07.6
5	NED	Eduard Meijer	1: 16: 37.2
6th	ITA	Fabio Mainoni	1: 18: 25.4
7th	FRA	E. Martin	1: 26: 32.2
-	GBR	William Henry	DNF
-	AUT	Alois Anderle	DNF

Jarvis is waiting in a boat for his start

Date: August 15th and 19th

29 swimmers from seven nations took part. The respective winners and six other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from three heats. The 4000 meters were swum downstream without turning.

200 m back

space	country	athlete	Time (in minutes)
1	GER	Ernst Hoppenberg	2: 47.0 min.
2	AUT	Karl Ruberl	2: 56.0 min.
3	NED	Johannes Drost	3: 01.0 min.
4th	NED	Johannes Bloemen	3: 02.2 min.
5	FRA	Jean Leuillieux	3: 05.0 min.
6th	GBR	Thomas William Burgess	3: 12.6 min.
7th	FRA	de Romand	3: 38.0 min.
8th	ITA	Paolo Bussetti	3: 45.0 min.
9	SWE	Erik Erickson	3: 56.4 min.
-	GBR	Robert Crawshaw	DNF

Date: August 11th and 12th

16 swimmers from seven nations took part. The respective winners and seven other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from three heats.

The 200-meter backs were not started from the water, but with a jump, so that you had to turn on your back in the water. The route was swam continuously downstream without turning.

200 m team

space	country	athlete	Points
1	GER	German Swimming Association Ernst Hoppenberg (1) , Max Hainle (2) , Julius Frey (4) , Max Schöne (6) , Herbert von Petersdorff (20)	33
2	FRA	Tritons Lilloise Maurice Hochepied (3) , J. Bertrand (5) , Victor Hochepied (12) , Jules Verbecke (13) , Victor Cadet (18)	51
3	FRA	Pupilles de Neptune de Lille René Tartara (8) , Désiré Merchez (9) , Louis Martin (11) , Jean Leuillieux (14) , P. Houben (20)	62
4th	FRA	Libelulle de Paris Jules Clévenot (7) , B. Rosier (10) , R. Féret (15) , Gazaigne (16) , Pelloy (17)	65

Date: Aug 12

Only 4 teams took part, three of them from France. The registered British team did not start.

The team swimming was about achieving the lowest possible number of places. Each team had to report 5 swimmers. One swimmer from each team started in 5 preliminary races. The place numbers were only determined in the final races, in the first final race the place numbers 1 to 5 were assigned (1 for first place, 2 for second place etc.), here the respective winners of the preliminary races started, in the second final race the place numbers 6 to 10 (6 for first place, 7 for second place etc.), here the second of the preliminary races started, etc. If a swimmer did not start, he was automatically given the number for the last place (20). The team with the lowest ranking was the winner.

After this cumbersome mode, the German team was in principle the overall winner after the preliminary races, because the good results they achieved there had represented three swimmers in the first final race and one more swimmer in the second race. The fifth swimmer, Herbert von Petersdorff, was therefore able to calmly dispense with a start, although he was awarded the number 20 for it. The fifth swimmer of the third-placed French team, Houben, did not start either and was ranked 20th.

200 m obstacle

space	country	athlete	Time (in minutes)
1	OUT	Frederick Lane	2: 38.4
2	AUT	Otto Wahle	2: 40.0
3	GBR	Peter Kemp	2: 47.4
4th	AUT	Karl Ruberl	2: 51.2
5	GBR	Frederick Stapleton	2: 55.0
6th	GBR	William Henry	2: 58.0
7th	FRA	Maurice Hochpied	2: 58.0
8th	FRA	Jules Verbecke	3: 08.4
9	FRA	J. Bertrand	3: 17.0
10	FRA	Louis Marc	3: 30.6

Climbing over the boat when swimming obstacles

Date: Aug 11 and 12.08.

12 swimmers from 5 nations took part. From 3 heats, the first and second and 4 other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified. This meant that only 2 swimmers had to retire.

The swimmers had to climb over a pole and a boat as well as dive under a boat.

Underwater swimming

space	country	athlete	Seconds	meter	Points
1	FRA	Charles de Vendeville	68.4 s	60.0 m	188.4
2	FRA	André Six	65.4 s	60.0 m	185.4
3	THE	Peder Lykkeberg	90.0 s	28.5 m	147.0
4th	FRA	de Romand	50.2 s	47.5 m	145.2
5	FRA	Tissue edge	48.0 s	30.75 m	109.5
6th	GER	Hans Aniol	30.0 s	36.95 m	103.9
7th	FRA	Menault	38.4 s	32.5 m	103.4
8th	FRA	Louis Marc	32.0 s	34.0 m	100.0
9	FRA	Paul Peyrusson	29.6 s	31.0 m	91.6
10	FRA	Kaisermann	56.8 s	16.1 m	88.8
11	FRA	Leclerq	28.0 s	30.0 m	88.0
12	FRA	Chevrand	32.0 s	20.0 m	72.0
13	AUT	Alois Anderle	22.4 s	23.5 m	69.4
14th	FRA	Yours	23.0 s	21.5 m	66.0

Date: Aug 12

14 swimmers from 4 nations took part, all of whom were admitted to the final. Points were scored, with the distance covered as well as the time under water. There were two points for every meter, another point for every second. The different tactics can be clearly seen in third-placed Lykkeberg. He could stay underwater considerably longer, but with the strength and concentration required he could travel considerably fewer meters.

19 swimmers (14 French, 3 German and 2 British) were also members of various teams that took part in the water polo competition. Six other swimmers (2 French and 4 British) were also in the line-up of these teams, but it is uncertain whether they were also used there. The French Louis Martin and Désiré Merchez as well as the British Peter Kemp are the only ones who could officially become medal winners in both competitions .

literature

• Volker Kluge : Summer Olympic Games. The Chronicle I. Athens 1896 - Berlin 1936. Sportverlag Berlin, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-328-00715-6 .
• Karl Lennartz , Walter Teutenberg: II. Olympic Games 1900 in Paris. Presentation and sources. AGON Sportverlag, Kassel 1995, ISBN 3-928562-20-7 .
• Bill Mallon : The 1900 Olympic Games . McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina 1998, CIP 97-36094.

Web links

• Side of the IOC to the Summer Games in 1900 (English)
• Official report (French, PDF, 3 parts in total; 8.10 MB)
• Page about all Olympic participants by Herman de Wael (English)