1900 Summer Olympics / Swimming
1900 Summer Olympics Swimming |
|
---|---|
information | |
venue | Asnières-sur-Seine |
Competition venue | His |
Nations | 12 |
Athletes | 76 (76 ) |
date | August 11-19, 1900 |
decisions | 7th |
← Athens 1896 |
In the French capital Paris during the World Fair ( Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Paris ) discharged international competitions for Physical Education and Sport (Concours Internationaux d'Exercices physiques et de Sports) included competitions in swimming , which is part of the Summer Olympic Games 1900 (Games of the II. Olympiad) were.
At that time, swimming was not just a sport for amateurs, especially long-distance swimming , encouraged by the keen interest in canal swimming , a professional scene had developed. That is why there was also a competition in 4,000-meter freestyle swimming for professionals in Paris, which, according to Pierre de Coubertin , the founder of the modern Olympic Games , and according to the IOC, is not considered Olympic .
The IOC assigns 7 competitions in swimming to the Olympic program of the Games of the II Olympiad. 76 athletes from twelve nations took part. The swimming competitions took place between August 11th and 19th in open water in a flood basin of the Seine near Asnières-sur-Seine .
The swimming competitions seem a bit strange from today's perspective, because four of the seven competitions were disciplines that were only held at the games in Paris. This includes underwater swimming, obstacle swimming and team swimming. Swimming over 4000 meters was never again included in an Olympic program, although a long-distance swim was held for the first time in 2008, but the distance is many times longer at ten kilometers.
Balance sheet
Medal table
space | country | Third | total | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Great Britain | 2 | - | 1 | 3 |
2 | Australia | 2 | - | - | 2 |
German Empire | 2 | - | - | 2 | |
4th | France | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
5 | Austria | - | 3 | 1 | 4th |
6th | Hungary | - | 2 | 1 | 3 |
7th | Denmark | - | - | 1 | 1 |
Netherlands | - | - | 1 | 1 | |
total | 7th | 7th | 7th | 21st |
Medalist
Results
200 m freestyle
space | country | athlete | Time (in minutes) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | OUT | Frederick Lane | 2: 25.2 |
2 | HUN | Zoltán from Halmay | 2: 31.4 |
3 | AUT | Karl Ruberl | 2: 32.0 |
4th | GBR | Richard Crawshaw | 2: 45.6 |
5 | FRA | Maurice Hochepied | 2: 53.0 |
6th | GBR | Frederick Stapleton | 2: 55.0 |
7th | FRA | Jules Clévenot | 2: 56.2 |
8th | GER | Julius Frey | 2: 58.2 |
9 | FRA | Louis Martin | k. A. |
- | AUT | Otto Wahle | DNS |
Date: August 11th and 12th
26 swimmers from nine nations took part. The respective winners and five other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from five heats. However, the final was only contested with nine swimmers, as Otto Wahle did not start. The 200 meters were swum downstream without turning, which led to quite remarkable times.
1000 m freestyle
space | country | athlete | Time (in minutes) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GBR | John Arthur Jarvis | 13: 40.2 |
2 | AUT | Otto Wahle | 14: 53.6 |
3 | HUN | Zoltán from Halmay | 15: 16.4 |
4th | GER | Max Hainle | 15: 22.6 |
5 | FRA | Louis Martin | 16: 30.4 |
6th | FRA | Jean Leuillieux | 16: 53.2 |
7th | FRA | Maurice Hochepied | 16: 53.4 |
8th | FRA | Jules Verbecke | 17: 13.8 |
9 | SWE | Erik Erickson | 17: 50.0 |
- | GBR | Thomas William Burgess | DNF |
Date: August 11th and 12th
16 swimmers from six nations took part. The respective winners and six other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from four heats. The 1000 meters were swum downstream without turning, which led to quite remarkable times.
4000 m freestyle
space | country | athlete | Time (in hours) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GBR | John Arthur Jarvis | 0: 58: 24.0 |
2 | HUN | Zoltán from Halmay | 1: 08: 55.4 |
3 | FRA | Louis Martin | 1: 13: 08.4 |
4th | GBR | Thomas W. Burgess | 1: 15: 07.6 |
5 | NED | Eduard Meijer | 1: 16: 37.2 |
6th | ITA | Fabio Mainoni | 1: 18: 25.4 |
7th | FRA | E. Martin | 1: 26: 32.2 |
- | GBR | William Henry | DNF |
- | AUT | Alois Anderle | DNF |
Date: August 15th and 19th
29 swimmers from seven nations took part. The respective winners and six other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from three heats. The 4000 meters were swum downstream without turning.
200 m back
space | country | athlete | Time (in minutes) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GER | Ernst Hoppenberg | 2: 47.0 min. |
2 | AUT | Karl Ruberl | 2: 56.0 min. |
3 | NED | Johannes Drost | 3: 01.0 min. |
4th | NED | Johannes Bloemen | 3: 02.2 min. |
5 | FRA | Jean Leuillieux | 3: 05.0 min. |
6th | GBR | Thomas William Burgess | 3: 12.6 min. |
7th | FRA | de Romand | 3: 38.0 min. |
8th | ITA | Paolo Bussetti | 3: 45.0 min. |
9 | SWE | Erik Erickson | 3: 56.4 min. |
- | GBR | Robert Crawshaw | DNF |
Date: August 11th and 12th
16 swimmers from seven nations took part. The respective winners and seven other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified from three heats.
The 200-meter backs were not started from the water, but with a jump, so that you had to turn on your back in the water. The route was swam continuously downstream without turning.
200 m team
space | country | athlete | Points |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GER |
German Swimming Association Ernst Hoppenberg (1) , Max Hainle (2) , Julius Frey (4) , Max Schöne (6) , Herbert von Petersdorff (20) |
33 |
2 | FRA |
Tritons Lilloise Maurice Hochepied (3) , J. Bertrand (5) , Victor Hochepied (12) , Jules Verbecke (13) , Victor Cadet (18) |
51 |
3 | FRA |
Pupilles de Neptune de Lille René Tartara (8) , Désiré Merchez (9) , Louis Martin (11) , Jean Leuillieux (14) , P. Houben (20) |
62 |
4th | FRA |
Libelulle de Paris Jules Clévenot (7) , B. Rosier (10) , R. Féret (15) , Gazaigne (16) , Pelloy (17) |
65 |
Date: Aug 12
Only 4 teams took part, three of them from France. The registered British team did not start.
The team swimming was about achieving the lowest possible number of places. Each team had to report 5 swimmers. One swimmer from each team started in 5 preliminary races. The place numbers were only determined in the final races, in the first final race the place numbers 1 to 5 were assigned (1 for first place, 2 for second place etc.), here the respective winners of the preliminary races started, in the second final race the place numbers 6 to 10 (6 for first place, 7 for second place etc.), here the second of the preliminary races started, etc. If a swimmer did not start, he was automatically given the number for the last place (20). The team with the lowest ranking was the winner.
After this cumbersome mode, the German team was in principle the overall winner after the preliminary races, because the good results they achieved there had represented three swimmers in the first final race and one more swimmer in the second race. The fifth swimmer, Herbert von Petersdorff, was therefore able to calmly dispense with a start, although he was awarded the number 20 for it. The fifth swimmer of the third-placed French team, Houben, did not start either and was ranked 20th.
200 m obstacle
space | country | athlete | Time (in minutes) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | OUT | Frederick Lane | 2: 38.4 |
2 | AUT | Otto Wahle | 2: 40.0 |
3 | GBR | Peter Kemp | 2: 47.4 |
4th | AUT | Karl Ruberl | 2: 51.2 |
5 | GBR | Frederick Stapleton | 2: 55.0 |
6th | GBR | William Henry | 2: 58.0 |
7th | FRA | Maurice Hochpied | 2: 58.0 |
8th | FRA | Jules Verbecke | 3: 08.4 |
9 | FRA | J. Bertrand | 3: 17.0 |
10 | FRA | Louis Marc | 3: 30.6 |
Date: Aug 11 and 12.08.
12 swimmers from 5 nations took part. From 3 heats, the first and second and 4 other fastest swimmers from all heats qualified. This meant that only 2 swimmers had to retire.
The swimmers had to climb over a pole and a boat as well as dive under a boat.
Underwater swimming
space | country | athlete | Seconds | meter | Points |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | FRA | Charles de Vendeville | 68.4 s | 60.0 m | 188.4 |
2 | FRA | André Six | 65.4 s | 60.0 m | 185.4 |
3 | THE | Peder Lykkeberg | 90.0 s | 28.5 m | 147.0 |
4th | FRA | de Romand | 50.2 s | 47.5 m | 145.2 |
5 | FRA | Tissue edge | 48.0 s | 30.75 m | 109.5 |
6th | GER | Hans Aniol | 30.0 s | 36.95 m | 103.9 |
7th | FRA | Menault | 38.4 s | 32.5 m | 103.4 |
8th | FRA | Louis Marc | 32.0 s | 34.0 m | 100.0 |
9 | FRA | Paul Peyrusson | 29.6 s | 31.0 m | 91.6 |
10 | FRA | Kaisermann | 56.8 s | 16.1 m | 88.8 |
11 | FRA | Leclerq | 28.0 s | 30.0 m | 88.0 |
12 | FRA | Chevrand | 32.0 s | 20.0 m | 72.0 |
13 | AUT | Alois Anderle | 22.4 s | 23.5 m | 69.4 |
14th | FRA | Yours | 23.0 s | 21.5 m | 66.0 |
Date: Aug 12
14 swimmers from 4 nations took part, all of whom were admitted to the final. Points were scored, with the distance covered as well as the time under water. There were two points for every meter, another point for every second. The different tactics can be clearly seen in third-placed Lykkeberg. He could stay underwater considerably longer, but with the strength and concentration required he could travel considerably fewer meters.
19 swimmers (14 French, 3 German and 2 British) were also members of various teams that took part in the water polo competition. Six other swimmers (2 French and 4 British) were also in the line-up of these teams, but it is uncertain whether they were also used there. The French Louis Martin and Désiré Merchez as well as the British Peter Kemp are the only ones who could officially become medal winners in both competitions .
literature
- Volker Kluge : Summer Olympic Games. The Chronicle I. Athens 1896 - Berlin 1936. Sportverlag Berlin, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-328-00715-6 .
- Karl Lennartz , Walter Teutenberg: II. Olympic Games 1900 in Paris. Presentation and sources. AGON Sportverlag, Kassel 1995, ISBN 3-928562-20-7 .
- Bill Mallon : The 1900 Olympic Games . McFarland & Company, Inc., Jefferson, North Carolina 1998, CIP 97-36094.
Web links
- Side of the IOC to the Summer Games in 1900 (English)
- Official report (French, PDF, 3 parts in total; 8.10 MB)
- Page about all Olympic participants by Herman de Wael (English)