1904 Summer Olympics / Swimming
1904 Summer Olympics swimming |
|
---|---|
information | |
venue | St. Louis |
Competition venue | Life Saving Exhibition Lake , Forest Park |
Nations | 5 |
Athletes | 32 (32 ) |
date | September 5-7, 1904 |
decisions | 9 |
← Paris 1900 |
With the III. In the 1904 Olympic Games in St. Louis , nine swimming competitions were held. Besides fencing, it was the only sport in which the Americans did not dominate, as three European countries had sent their best swimmers.
The swimming competitions were held September 5-7 at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition site, at Life Saving Exhibition Lake . It was an artificial lake in which the United States Coast Guard , the American Coast Guard , usually demonstrated lifeguard exercises.
The lake was traversed by a stream and was heavily polluted by manure residues and the cattle manure from the neighboring agricultural exhibition, which is why numerous water sports enthusiasts fell ill during and after the competitions.
The athletes started from a plank raft that protruded only a little from the water and was otherwise used to moor boats during lifeguard demonstrations. The raft could only be reached via a narrow plank. The turning point and destination were marked by taut ropes, there were no separate lanes.
Balance sheet
Medal table
space | country | total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | German Empire | 4th | 2 | 2 | 8th |
2 | United States | 3 | 6th | 5 | 14th |
3 | Hungary | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4th |
4th | Austria | - | - | 1 | 1 |
total | 9 | 9 | 9 | 21st |
Medalist
discipline | gold | silver | bronze |
---|---|---|---|
50 yards freestyle | Zoltán from Halmay | John Scott Leary | Charles Daniels |
100 yards freestyle | Zoltán from Halmay | Charles Daniels | John Scott Leary |
220 yards freestyle | Charles Daniels | Francis Gailey | Emil Rausch |
440 yards freestyle | Charles Daniels | Francis Gailey | Otto Wahle |
880 yards freestyle | Emil Rausch | Francis Gailey | Géza Kiss |
1 mile freestyle | Emil Rausch | Géza Kiss | Francis Gailey |
100 yards back | Walter Brack | Georg Hoffmann | Georg Zacharias |
440 yards chest | Georg Zacharias | Walter Brack | Henry Jamison Cell Phone |
4 × 50 yards freestyle |
New York Athletic Club I Joseph Ruddy Leo Goodwin Louis Handley Charles Daniels |
Chicago Athletic Club David Hammond William Tuttle Hugo Goetz Raymond Thorne |
Missouri Athletic Club Amedee Reyburn Gwynne Evans Marquard Schwartz William Orthwein |
Men
50 yards (45.72 m) freestyle
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | HUN | Zoltán from Halmay | 28.0 s |
2 | United States | John Scott Leary | 28.6 s |
3 | United States | Charles Daniels | k. A. |
4th | United States | David Gaul | k. A. |
5 | United States | Leo Goodwin | k. A. |
6th | United States | Raymond Thorne | k. A. |
Date: September 6, 1904
The nine registered swimmers initially competed in two preliminary runs, in which the six finalists were determined. In the final, the referees declared John Scott Leary the winner, although Halmay had always been clearly in the lead. Allegedly Halmay stopped swimming shortly before the target rope. Leary, in turn, claimed that he was disabled. After long deliberations, the jury set up a stabbing race; after a false start, Halmay finally won. The finish photo later proved that the Hungarian would have won in the actual final.
100 yards (91.44 m) freestyle
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | HUN | Zoltán from Halmay | 1: 02.8 min |
2 | United States | Charles Daniels | k. A. |
3 | United States | John Scott Leary | k. A. |
4th | United States | David Gaul | k. A. |
5 | United States | David Hammond | k. A. |
6th | United States | Leo Goodwin | k. A. |
Date: September 5, 1904
The exact number of participants is unknown, but at least six swimmers competed. The three fastest qualified for the final in two preliminary runs. Zoltán von Halmay won by a clear margin.
220 yards (201.17 m) freestyle
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | Charles Daniels | 2: 44.2 min |
2 | United States | Francis Gailey | 2: 46.0 min |
3 | GER | Emil Rausch | 2: 56.0 min |
4th | United States | Edgar Adams | k. A. |
Date: September 6, 1904
It is not known whether there were heats for this race; only four participants are known by name. Two lengths of 110 yards were completed . Charles Daniels won by just under two seconds.
440 yards (402.34 m) freestyle
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | Charles Daniels | 6: 16.2 min |
2 | United States | Francis Gailey | 6: 22.0 min |
3 | AUT | Otto Wahle | 6: 39.0 min |
4th | United States | Leo Goodwin | k. A. |
Date: September 7, 1904
Here, too, it is not known whether preliminary heats took place. Only four participants are known by name. There were four lengths of 110 yards to be covered. Charles Daniels prevailed even more clearly in front of Francis Gailey than in the race over half the distance.
880 yards (804.67 m) freestyle
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GER | Emil Rausch | 13: 11.4 min |
2 | United States | Francis Gailey | 13: 23.4 min |
3 | HUN | Géza Kiss | k. A. |
4th | United States | Edgar Adams | k. A. |
5 | United States | Henry Jamison Cell Phone | k. A. |
AUT | Otto Wahle | DNF |
Date: September 7, 1904
This race is considered the most international decision of these Olympic Games. Six swimmers from four countries competed, athletes from three countries won a medal. Eight lengths at 110 yards had to be covered, with the German Emil Rausch clearly prevailing with a lead of twelve seconds.
1 mile (1,609.34 m) freestyle
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GER | Emil Rausch | 27: 18.2 min |
2 | HUN | Géza Kiss | 28: 28.2 min |
3 | United States | Francis Gailey | 28: 54.0 min |
4th | AUT | Otto Wahle | k. A. |
United States | John Meyers | DNF | |
United States | Louis Handley | DNF | |
United States | Edgar Adams | DNF |
Date: September 6th
In this competition, the lake had to be swum 15 times. The seven participants stayed close together during the first half of the race. Then Emil Rausch and Géza Kiss pull away from the field. Rausch was able to steadily increase his lead and finally won by 50 seconds.
100 yards (91.44 m) back
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GER | Walter Brack | 1: 16.8 min |
2 | GER | Georg Hoffmann | 1: 18.0 min |
3 | GER | Georg Zacharias | 1: 19.6 min |
4th | United States | William Orthwein | k. A. |
United States | David Hammond | k. A. | |
United States | Edwin Swatek | k. A. |
Date: September 6, 1904
The usual start with kicking off the legs was not possible because of the swaying plank raft. Instead, the six participating swimmers jumped feet first into the water and then turned on their backs. The Germans celebrated a triple victory; it was the only swimming discipline in which the Americans were without a medal.
440 yards (402.34 m) chest
space | country | athlete | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | GER | Georg Zacharias | 7: 23.6 min |
2 | GER | Walter Brack | 7: 33.0 min |
3 | United States | Henry Jamison Cell Phone | k. A. |
4th | GER | Georg Hoffmann | k. A. |
Date: September 7, 1904
At first it seemed as if only three Germans were swimming. Then the American Henry Jamison Handy, who won the bronze medal, also got in touch. The German Georg Zacharias won.
4 × 50 yards freestyle
space | country | team | time |
---|---|---|---|
1 | United States |
New York Athletic Club I Joseph Ruddy , Leo Goodwin , Louis Handley , Charles Daniels |
2: 04.6 min |
2 | United States |
Chicago Athletic Club David Hammond , William Tuttle , Hugo Goetz , Raymond Thorne |
k. A. |
3 | United States |
Missouri Athletic Club Amedee Reyburn , Gwynne Evans , Marquard Schwartz , William Orthwein |
k. A. |
4th | United States |
New York Athletic Club II Edgar Adams , David Bratton , George Van Cleaf , David Hesser |
k. A. |
Date: September 7, 1904
The relay was the only swimming competition in which no foreigners participated. The Germans were refused entry because they belonged to different swimming clubs. The Austrian Otto Wahle, who belongs to the New York Athletic Club and wanted to give his club an advantage, protested .
Remarks
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Francis Gailey was an Australian in 1904; The Australian Olympic Committee lists him as such, whereas the IOC him to time as an American leads .