Parliamentary election in the Netherlands 2012
The 2012 Dutch parliamentary election (election to the Second Chamber of the States General ) took place on September 12, 2012. It was an early election after the minority government made up of Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie (VVD) and Christen Democratisch Appèl (CDA) failed to achieve a majority in the negotiations on budget cuts in March. The PVV under Geert Wilders , which the government tolerated until then, rejected the austerity package.
On April 23, 2012, Prime Minister Rutte asked Queen Beatrix to release the government from its duties. In such situations, the parliament decides which issues are politically controversial and thus cannot be decided by the executive government. However, by April 30th at the latest, the Netherlands had to present an austerity package acceptable to the European Commission . To the astonishment of the public, the parliamentary groups from VVD, CDA, GroenLinks, ChristenUnie and the D66 (i.e. government and opposition parties) succeeded in doing this in cooperation with Finance Minister De Jager as mediator. The PvdA was the only one to refuse to sign the budget reform package.
The polls had initially forecast a head-to-head race between the right-wing liberal VVD of Prime Minister Mark Rutte and the opposition Socialist Partij . In the last few days before the election, the social democrat Diederik Samsom led the polls among the left-wing candidates. In the election itself, the VVD and the social democratic PvdA once again received significantly more votes than forecast, thanks to so-called “strategic voting”. The duel for the post of prime minister thus damaged the smaller parties.
The biggest losers in the election were the Christian Democratisch Appèl (CDA) and the GroenLinks party , whose mandates fell from ten to the previous low of four, which subsequently led to the resignation of the parliamentary group leader and top candidate Jolande Sap and the party executive. The CDA was traditionally the largest party as recently as 2006 and has now fallen from fourth to fifth place after already dramatic losses in 2010. The previously third largest group, the PVV, also lost against the forecasts. The requested exit from the euro zone ( Nexit ), internal quarrels and the break with the government it tolerated may have been reasons for this. Measured against the previously favorable poll values, the SP could also see itself as a loser, even if it only lost a few votes.
In the Second Chamber there were two larger parties, the right-wing liberal VVD and the social democratic PvdA, each with around a quarter of the votes. The medium-sized parties followed: PVV, SP, CDA and D66, each with around ten percent. Two small parties received two seats each; the ChristenUnie received five.
The Second Chamber, newly constituted on September 20, 2012, commissioned Henk Kamp (VVD) and Wouter Bos (PvdA) as informators to initiate the formation of a government coalition from their two parties. On October 29th, Mark Rutte and Diederik Samsom presented the coalition agreement between VVD and PvdA. The Rutte II cabinet was sworn in on November 5, 2012 and was in office until October 26, 2017.
background
Result of the 2010 general election
The parliamentary elections on June 9, 2010 did not lead to a clear majority. After five failed attempts to form a government, VVD chairman Ivo Opstelten was given the task of forming a government on September 13th . On September 28th, he reached an agreement between VVD, CDA and PVV. A coalition of VVD and CDA should be formed with tolerance of the PVV. The parliamentary groups of VVD and PVV voted unanimously on September 29th for the compromise reached. The CDA also agreed with two dissenting votes; At a general meeting on October 2nd, 2,759 members voted, with 1,274 against, for a VVD / CDA government supported by the PVV. Opstelten presented his final report to Queen Beatrix on October 7th . She then commissioned VVD boss Mark Rutte to put together the cabinet. The Rutte I cabinet, consisting of six VVD and six CDA members , was sworn in on October 14th.
Necessity of an early election
As a result of the euro crisis , austerity measures were also taken in the Netherlands in order to meet European requirements. During the negotiations on an austerity package of 14 to 16 billion euros, through which the Dutch budget deficit should be reduced significantly, no agreement was reached between the government and the PVV. The negotiations were broken off after seven weeks on April 21, 2012 after the PVV leader Geert Wilders left the conference hall. Mark Rutte later confirmed that the negotiations had been broken off and stated that new elections were "now the logical next step". Wilders stated that they would “not want our pensions to bleed to death because of the Brussels dictate”. He also feared an increase in unemployment as a result of the package of measures.
Accompanying parties
The lists of the following 21 parties were approved:
list | Political party | Abbreviation | Top candidate | Result 2010 | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie | VVD | Mark Rutte | 20.5% (31 seats) | |
2. | Partij van de Arbeid | PvdA | Diederik Samsom | 19.6% (30 seats) | List connection with SP and GroenLinks |
3. | Partij voor de Vrijheid | PVV | Geert Wilders | 15.4% (24 seats) | |
4th | Christian-Democratic Appèl | CDA | Sybrand van Haersma Buma | 13.6% (21 seats) | |
5. | Socialist Partij | SP | Emile Roemer | 9.8% (15 seats) | List connection with PvdA and GroenLinks |
6th | Democrats 66 | D66 | Alexander Pechtold | 6.9% (10 seats) | |
7th | GroenLinks | GL | Jolande Sap | 6.7% (10 seats) | List connection with PvdA and SP |
8th. | ChristenUnie | CU | Aria Slob | 3.2% (5 seats) | List connection with SGP |
9. | State-informed Gereformeerde Partij | SGP | Kees van der Staaij | 1.7% (2 seats) | List connection with CU |
10. | Partij voor de Dieren | PvdD | Marianne Thieme | 1.3% (2 seats) | |
11. | Pirate party | PPNL | Dirk Poot | 0.1% (0 seats) | |
12. | Partij voor Men en Spirit | MenS | Lea Manders | 0.3% (0 seats) | not running on BES islands |
13. | Nederland Lokaal | NL | Ton Schijvenaars | not participated | |
14th | Libertarian party | LP | Toine Manders | not participated | |
15th | Democratic Politiek Keerpunt | DPK | Hero Brinkman | ( Trots op Nederland 0.6%) | Merger of Trots op Nederland and Onafhankelijke Burger Partij |
16. | 50PLUS | 50+ | Henk Krol | not participated | |
17th | Liberaal Democratische Partij | LibDem | Sammy van Tuyll van Serooskerken | not participated | not running on BES islands |
18th | Anti Europa Partij | Arnold Reinten | not participated | ||
19th | Soeverein Onafhankelijke Pioniers Nederland | SOPN | Johan Oldenkamp | not participated | not running on BES islands |
20th | Partij van de Toekomst | PvdT | Johan Vlemmix | not participated | not running on BES islands |
21st | Politieke Partij NXD | Anil Samlal | not participated | is only running in Amsterdam |
Survey
Polls on elections in the Netherlands do not show the number of votes, but the theoretical number of seats won (out of 150 to be awarded). The date refers to the calendar weeks .
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Election result
The official final result was announced on September 17, 2012.
Political party | 2010 | 2012 | difference | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
be right | percent | Seats | be right | percent | Seats | percent | Seats | ||
Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie (VVD) | 1,929,575 | 20.5 | 31 | 2,504,948 | 26.6 | 41 | +6.1 | +10 | |
Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA) | 1,848,805 | 19.6 | 30th | 2,340,750 | 24.8 | 38 | +5.2 | +8 | |
Partij voor de Vrijheid (PVV) | 1,454,493 | 15.5 | 24 | 950.263 | 10.1 | 15th | −5.4 | −9 | |
Socialist Party (SP) | 924,696 | 9.8 | 15th | 909.853 | 9.7 | 15th | −0.1 | 0 | |
Christians Democratic Appèl (CDA) | 1,281,886 | 13.6 | 21st | 801.620 | 8.5 | 13 | −5.1 | −8 | |
Democrats 66 (D66) | 654.167 | 6.9 | 10 | 757.091 | 8.0 | 12 | +1.1 | +2 | |
ChristenUnie | 305.094 | 3.2 | 5 | 294,586 | 3.1 | 5 | −0.1 | 0 | |
GroenLinks | 628.096 | 6.7 | 10 | 219,896 | 2.3 | 4th | −4.4 | −6 | |
State-certified Gereformeerde Partij (SGP) | 163,581 | 1.7 | 2 | 196.780 | 2.1 | 3 | +0.4 | +1 | |
Partij voor de Dieren (PvdD) | 122,317 | 1.3 | 2 | 182.162 | 1.9 | 2 | +0.6 | 0 | |
50PLUS (50+) | - | - | - | 177,631 | 1.9 | 2 | +1.9 | +2 | |
Pirate Party (PPNL) | 10,471 | 0.1 | 0 | 30,600 | 0.3 | 0 | +0.2 | 0 | |
Partij voor Men en Spirit (MenS) | 26,196 | 0.3 | 0 | 18,310 | 0.2 | 0 | −0.1 | 0 | |
Soeverein Onafhankelijke Pioniers Nederland (SOPN) | - | - | - | 12,982 | 0.1 | 0 | +0.1 | 0 | |
Partij van de Toekomst (PvdT) | - | - | - | 8,194 | 0.1 | 0 | +0.1 | 0 | |
Democratic Politiek Keerpunt (DPK) | - | - | - | 7,363 | 0.1 | 0 | +0.1 | 0 | |
Libertarian Party (LP) | - | - | - | 4.163 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | |
Nederland Lokaal (NL) | - | - | - | 2,842 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | |
Liberaal Democratische Partij (LibDem) | - | - | - | 2.126 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | |
Anti Europa Partij | - | - | - | 2.013 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | |
Politieke Partij NXD | - | - | - | 62 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | |
Others 2010 | 66,624 | 0.7 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | |
Overall valid | 9.416.001 | 100.0 | 150 | 9,424,235 | 100 | 150 | 0.0 | 0 |
The turnout was 74.6%.
See also
- Dutch parliamentary elections 2006 => Cabinet Balkenende IV
- Dutch parliamentary elections 2010 => Cabinet Rutte I
- Dutch parliamentary elections 2012 => Cabinet Rutte II
Web links
- Spiegel Online : Holland's euro opponents before the victory , article about the political situation in the Netherlands shortly before the election. 4 September 2012.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kiesraad: Uitslag Verkiezing leden Tweede Kamer van 12 September 2012 ( Memento from October 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 160 kB)
- ↑ Marij Leenders: The Netherlands (in: Yearbook of European Integration 2012, pp. 453–456, online )
- ↑ Parlement & Politiek: Kabinetsformatie 2012 van dag tot dag
- ↑ Bruggen slaan. Regeerakkoord VVD - PvdA. October 29, 2012 ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Handelsblatt: Netherlands disagree on savings package
- ↑ Spiegel Online : The Netherlands are heading towards new elections
- ↑ Focus : The Netherlands are facing new elections after Wilders' withdrawal
- ↑ kiesraad.nl: candidate list bekend ( memento of the original from August 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 2 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 4 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 6 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 8 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 10 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 12 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 14 ( Memento of the original from June 4, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 16 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 17 ( Memento of the original from June 4, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: survey April 27, 2012
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 18 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey May 6, 2012
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 19 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Peil.nl: Survey May 27, 2012 ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 93 kB)
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 20 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey May 20, 2012 ( Memento of the original from July 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 21 ( Memento of the original from August 3, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 22 ( Memento of the original from March 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ TNS-NIPO.com: 'Europe' risico voor VVD, kans voor PVV
- ↑ Ipsos-nl: Survey week 24 ( Memento of the original from August 3, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ nos.nl: survey week 24, Peil.nl
- ↑ Peil.nl: survey week 25
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey week 26 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey week 26
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey week 27 ( Memento of the original from December 9, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey Week 28 ( Memento of the original from July 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey week 28 ( Memento of the original of July 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey week 29 ( Memento of the original from July 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey week 30
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey week 30
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey Week 33
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey week 33 ( Memento of the original from November 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos: Week 34, Survey Week 34 ( Memento of the original from September 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey week 34 ( Memento of the original from November 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey Week 35 ( Memento of the original from June 5, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Peil.nl: Survey week 35 ( Memento of the original from November 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ipsos: Survey September 3 (week 36) ( Memento of the original from October 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.