Parish Church Ebenthal (Lower Austria)
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The Ebenthal parish church is a Roman Catholic sacred building in Ebenthal in the Austrian state of Lower Austria . It is dedicated to Saint Koloman and belongs to the Deanery Zistersdorf in the Archdiocese of Vienna .
history
The Ebenthal parish church was established in 1347 by the Mauerbach Charterhouse as a benefice , i.e. a donation. The original parish was Stillfried , founded in the 11th century , which also belonged to the Mauerbach Charterhouse .
Another source dates the origin of the parish to the 13th century: "If we consider a request which the then local pastor made to the prelate of Melk in 1746 , in which he asked him for a particle from St. Colomann , and stated that the parish church in Ebenthal had been consecrated to the holy martyr Colomann for 474 years, so a parish would have existed here as early as 1272. "
The topography of Lower Austria provides information about the further fate of the parish: “From later circumstances it can be concluded that the parish, and not long afterwards [note: after 1391], came to the provincial prince, who it with other spiritual benefices to better endow the Karthaus Mauerbach donated by his house. In the parish registers of the Passau bishop Leonhard von Leinigen (1429) the parish Ebental and the neighboring Stillfried appear under the patronage of the prior von Mauerbach, likewise in the parish register 1666, here with inclusion of the St. Rochuscapelle zu Angern and the St. Leonhardcapelle zu Ollersdorf . "
Ebenthal became a parish in the 15th century . The parish remained near Mauerbach until the Carthusian monastery was abolished in 1782. Thereafter, the patronage was transferred to the religious fund. Today the Ebenthal parish belongs to the ecclesiastical administrative district Bockfließ .
architecture
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The church in Ebenthal is a fortified church . If one looks at the engraving by Georg Matthäus Vischer , one notices an earthwork drawn with a wall and ditch beyond a saddle crossed by a road .
It is a ten meter high truncated cone with a diameter of the top surface between 22 and 26 m. The platform had a ring wall (now rather flattened). The medieval castle stood on this earthwork, popularly known as the Hausberg . This earthwork shared a ring wall with the church earthwork. The mountain and the church were connected to form a fortress unit and fortified with earth systems. Today the earthwork has been so badly damaged by the installation of houses that the original shape can hardly be recognized.
The church itself was built on an artificially piled, eight-meter-high truncated pyramid . The current building undoubtedly stands on the site of the older church and dates from the 17th century. There are no records whatsoever about builders and clients.
Schweickhardt wrote in 1833/35 about the appearance of the church as follows: “The building of the present church does not suggest that it is very old, it has a pleasing design from the outside and inside and is beautiful, including the well-chosen location on the free hill which lead from several sides brick stairs and the high, beautifully built tower contribute a lot. "
In terms of style, the church can be assigned to classicism . It is a plastered brick building, which is provided with corner rustics and floor bands, and has a simple late classicist volute gable facade with double pilasters and a large, central lunette window . There is a sacristy annex to the north . The three-storey north tower is essentially Romanesque and decorated with corner blocks , double acoustic windows and a pointed helmet . It was built in the middle of the 19th century.
The two-bay nave has a cross vault with stucco ribs and belts on flat wall pillars , which are arranged in a triumphal arch-like and strongly staggered manner. A narrow, barrel-vaulted transition yoke leads to the broader classicist central building , a sober square room with a simple, surrounding cornice . A slightly raised round choir completes the central building. Lunette windows light up the room. In the west there is a one-piece organ loft with a flat arch. To the east next to the church is the rectory . A two-story building that was built at the beginning of the 19th century and has a simple facade with a basket arch portal . Some of the rooms on the ground floor have stitch cap vaults .
inventory
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The interior of the church is furnished with pews from the first half of the 19th century. The organ of the parish church is presented in a late classicist case and was created by Carl Hesse in 1871. The church tower houses five bells. Two come from Christian Berger's workshop and are marked with the years 1633 and 1636. The largest bell bears the inscription: “In God's name I flowed - Christian Berger in Vienna watered me. RHVTB MDCXXXVI. ”The second is half the weight and has the following inscription:“ In the name of God I flow - Christian Berger I flow in Vienna. RHVTB MDCXXXVI. “Much younger and significantly smaller is the third bell, which dates from 1746 and was cast by Andreas Klein. The two smallest bells are roughly the same size and are rung as “ train bells ”. One of the two comes from the castle chapel and was transferred to the church tower during the war years.
In the interior of the church, the high altar , which was created at the beginning of the 19th century, is particularly important. It is a classicist double-columned altar with a simple top. The two apostles Peter (right with his attribute , a key ) and Paul (left with the sword ) stand as side figures on the high altar . The high altar picture shows the patron saint of the church, Saint Koloman in a pilgrim's costume with a short belted skirt and pilgrim's staff . An upside-down crown at his feet . Putti hover above him , one of which is holding a martyr's wreath. In addition to the Holy a minister is represented by Mitra and Bischofsstab as bishop is characterized.
One of the two side altars is dedicated to St. Consecrated to Florian ; the other was erected in honor of Mary and shows her as a crescent Madonna . In this representation on site, Mary stands on a crescent moon held up by angels and is crowned with a twelve-star wreath (only nine stars can be seen here).
Whether this is the one that Schweickhardt mentions in his representation of the Archduchy of Austria under the Ens cannot be established. Schweickhardt writes: “The place is very old and it seems to us that there was originally a chapel called to Maria Ebthal, of which a picture of the Virgin with this name is still exposed for worship on the high altar in the local parish church […]. [...] We note about the parish church that a lot of pilgrimages are made to the portrait of Maria Ebthal (Maria in Ebenthal). "
It should be noted that this miraculous image, according to an unproven source, was found in 1803 inside a rotten oak trunk. After it was found, it was fastened back in the same place and many believers are said to have come from neighboring towns to see it. When the bishop forbade the worship of the image, the population protested. Finally, the picture was brought into the church as part of a solemn procession and made Ebenthal a place of pilgrimage .
Inside the church there is still a late Classicist pulpit , on the basket of which there are bas-reliefs of the four evangelists with their symbols . The Stations of the Cross in the nave are from the first half of the 19th century. Two figures, Saints Sebastian and Johannes Nepomuk , complete the decoration of the nave. In a rococo case there is an Ecce Homo statue , which was created at the beginning of the 18th century.
The church also houses the tombstone of Maria Josepha, Countess of Sinzendorf , with the inscription: "This is where the high-bored Freylle Maria Josepha Countess of Sinzendorf Weliche died July 22nd, 1713". According to Schweickhardt, the grave of the countess was “on the morgue located a few steps outside the village”. It is very likely that the present-day cemetery developed from this; the cemetery cross bears the inscription "Dedicated by the community of Ebenthal 1904".
literature
- Andrea Böhm: Heimatchronik Ebenthal. Marktgemeinde Ebenthal, Ebenthal 1999.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Franz Xaver Schweickhardt : Representation of the Archduchy of Austria under the Ens. District under the Manhartsberg. 1833/35 . Vienna.
- ^ Max Vancsa : Topography of Lower Austria . Ed .: Association for regional studies of Lower Austria. Vienna.
- ^ Rudolf Büttner, Brigitte Faßbinder: From Marchfeld to Falkenstein . In: Castles and palaces in Lower Austria . tape 13 . Birken-Verlag, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-85030-043-2 ( formally incorrect ) .
Coordinates: 48 ° 26 ′ 13 " N , 16 ° 47 ′ 34" E