Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton

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Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Earl of Swinton , GBE , CH , MC , PC (birth name: Philip Lloyd-Greame ; born May 1, 1884 in East Ayton , Yorkshire , England , † July 27, 1972 in Swinton, Borough of Harrogate , Yorkshire, England) was a British Conservative Party politician who was a member of the House of Commons between 1918 and 1935, 1922 to 1924, 1924 to 1929 and 1931 trade minister and between 1931 and 1935 colonial minister. On November 29, 1935 he was raised as Viscount Swinton to the hereditary nobility and thus a member of the House of Lords . He was then Secretary of State for Air from 1935 to 1938 and Minister of Civil Aviation from 1944 to 1945. He was later between 1951 and 1952 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ( Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ) and Minister of Materials. Most recently he served as Minister for Commonwealth Relations from 1952 to 1955. On May 29, 1955 he was promoted to Earl of Swinton .

Life

Lawyer, World War I and Member of the House of Commons

Philip Lloyd-Greame was the third son of Yarburgh George Lloyd and his wife Dora Letitia O'Brien, whose father James Thomas O'Brien was a clergyman in the Church of Ireland and from 1842 until his death in 1874 Bishop of Ossory, Ferns and Leighlin. After attending the prestigious, founded in 1382 Winchester College , he began studying law at the University College of the University of Oxford , where he graduated 1906th He then worked as a barrister .

In addition, Lloyd Graeme completed military training in officer training corps OTC (Officer Training Corps) and began after the start of the First World War on September 2, 1914 his military service as a lieutenant (Second Lieutenant) . On December 31, 1916, he was awarded the Military Cross (MC). He later served as Major Joint Secretary in the Ministry of National Service .

On December 14, 1918 Lloyd Graeme was at the first general election after the war as a candidate of the Conservative Party for the first time as a member of the lower house ( House of Commons ) selected and represented in this until 14 November 1935 constituency Hendon . On January 3, 1919, he retired as a major from active military service. On March 26, 1920 he was made Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) and from then on carried the suffix "Sir".

Junior Minister and Minister

On August 22, 1920 he took over his first government office as Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade in the government of Prime Minister David Lloyd George . As part of a government reshuffle, he replaced Frederick Kellaway on April 1, 1921 as Secretary for Overseas Trade , while William Mitchell-Thomson was his successor as Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of Commerce.

In the subsequent government of Prime Minister Andrew Bonar Law , Lloyd-Greame took over the office of Minister of Trade (President of the Board of Trade) for the first time on October 24, 1922 and also held this position in the subsequent first government of Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin between May 22 1923 and January 22, 1924. in addition, he was on October 25, 1922 Member of the secret Privy Council ( Privy Council ) . In addition, he was on October 24, 1922 Chairman of the Privy Council Committee for Trade and Overseas Plantations.

After the victory of the conservative Tories in the general election on October 29, 1924 , he was appointed by Prime Minister Baldwin on November 6, 1924 as Minister of Commerce in his second government , which he belonged to the end of Baldwin's term on June 4, 1929. In addition, on November 7, 1924, he was again chairman of the Privy Council Committee for Trade and Overseas Plantations. Shortly after taking office, he changed his family name Lloyd-Greame to Cunliffe-Lister on November 17, 1924 with a Royal License , in order to be able to inherit property from his wife's family. On June 29, 1929 he was beaten to the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE).

In the first national government formed on August 24, 1931 by Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald , he again took over the office of Minister of Commerce and held this office until the end of this government's term of office on November 5, 1931. After the general election on October 27, 1931 , Cunliffe-Lister was elected by Prime Minister MacDonald was appointed to the second national government on November 5, 1931 , but this time he took over the office of Secretary of State for the Colonies . He held this ministerial office until the end of this government's term of office on June 7, 1935.

Member of the House of Lords, World War II and the post-war period

Philip Cunliffe-Lister, 1st Viscount Swinton (seated, 8th from left) as Minister for Commonwealth Relations in the Third Churchill Cabinet (1955)

In the third National Government formed by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin on June 7, 1935 , Cunliffe-Lister took over the office of Secretary of State for Air . By a letters patent dated November 29, 1935, Cunliffe-Lister was raised to the hereditary nobility in the Peerage of the United Kingdom as 1st Viscount Swinton, of Masham in the County of York . Thus he became a member of the upper house ( House of Lords ) , where he remained until his death on July 27, the 1,972th

Viscount Swinton also took over the post of Minister of Aviation in the fourth national government formed by Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain on May 28, 1937. He held this ministerial office until his replacement by Kingsley Wood on May 16, 1938.

In the Prime Minister Winston Churchill formed war government Viscount Swinton initially acted on 8 June 1942 and his replacement by Harold Balfour on 21 November 1944 as minister-resident for West Africa (Minister Resident in West Africa) . For his special services he was awarded the Order of the Companions of Honor (CH) on August 13, 1943 . On October 8, 1944, he took over the newly created office of Minister of Civil Aviation and held this position in the subsequent interim government of Prime Minister Churchill from May 26 to July 26, 1945.

After the election victory of the conservative Tories in the general election of October 25, 1951 Viscount Swinton was on 31 October 1951 the third cabinet Churchill Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ( Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ) and at the same time Minister of materials (Minister of Materials) . He held these offices until a government reshuffle on November 24, 1952. He was replaced by Frederick Marquis, 1st Baron Woolton as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and Arthur Salter as Minister for Materials. He himself assumed under this reshuffle of Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 5th Marquess of Salisbury , the Office of the Minister for Commonwealth Relations (Secretary of State for Commonwealth Relations) . He held this ministerial office until the end of Churchill's tenure on May 5, 1955.

With his departure from the government and the House of Commons, Philip Cunliffe-Lister was also raised to the 1st Earl of Swinton in the Peerage of the United Kingdom by a letters patent from May 29, 1955 . At the same time he received the subordinate title of Baron Masham , of Ellington in the County of York .

Marriage and offspring

Coat of arms of the Earls of Swinton

He married Mary Constance Boynton on September 5, 1912 and was married to her for almost sixty years until his death on July 27, 1972.

The marriage resulted in two sons. The older son John Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister served as a major in World War II and died on April 14, 1943 from injuries sustained in combat. The younger son Philip Ingram Cunliffe-Lister was also a Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) and Distinguished Service Order (DSO) soldier and died in 1956.

When he died in 1972, his grandson David Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister , the eldest son of John Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister, inherited the title of 2nd Earl of Swinton.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ London Gazette . No. 28899, HMSO, London, September 11, 1914, p. 7224 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  2. ^ London Gazette  (Supplement). No. 29886, HMSO, London, January 1, 1917, p. 37 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  3. ^ London Gazette  (Supplement). No. 32520, HMSO, London, September 15, 1919, p. 9126 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  4. ^ London Gazette  (Supplement). No. 31840, HMSO, London, March 26, 1920, p. 3759 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  5. ^ London Gazette  (Supplement). No. 32759, HMSO, London, October 24, 1922, p. 7527 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  6. ^ London Gazette  (Supplement). No. 32759, HMSO, London, October 24, 1922, p. 7528 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  7. ↑ London Gazette . No. 32989, HMSO, London, November 7, 1924, p. 8042 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  8. ↑ London Gazette . No. 33001, HMSO, London, November 27, 1924, p. 9056 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  9. ^ London Gazette  (Supplement). No. 33512, HMSO, London, June 29, 1929, p. 4355 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  10. ↑ London Gazette . No. 34226, HMSO, London, December 3, 1935, p. 7659 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  11. ↑ London Gazette . No. 36133, HMSO, London, August 13, 1943, p. 3645 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
  12. ↑ London Gazette . No. 40470, HMSO, London, May 6, 1955, p. 2619 ( PDF , accessed October 15, 2016, English).
predecessor Office successor
New title created Viscount Swinton
1935-1972 		David Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister
New title created Earl of Swinton
Baron Masham
1955-1972 		David Yarburgh Cunliffe-Lister
personal data
SURNAME Cunliffe-Lister, Philip, 1st Earl of Swinton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lloyd-Greame, Philip (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British politician, member of the House of Commons and the House of Lords
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH East Ayton , Yorkshire , England
DATE OF DEATH July 27, 1972
Place of death Swinton, Borough of Harrogate , Yorkshire, England