Philipp (Parma)
Philip of Spain, Duke of Parma (born March 15, 1720 in Madrid , † July 18, 1765 in Alessandria ), was the third son of King Philip V of Spain and his second wife, Elisabetta Farnese of Parma. He was Infante of Spain and since 1738 Count of Chinchón , a title that he gave in 1761 to his younger brother Luis de Borbón y Farnesio . In 1748 he was appointed Duke of Parma and Duke of Piacenza and Guastalla .
Life
Philip was born on March 15, 1720 in Madrid as the third son of King Philip V of Spain and his second wife Elisabetta Farnese. The infant was brought up in Madrid. In contrast to his mother Elisabetta, who had great political talent and advised her husband on government affairs, Philipp was more artistically gifted and interested in music, literature, poetry and languages.
Elisabetta Farnese came from the family of Farnese , who had ruled over many generations, the duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla. When the last Duke Antonio Farnese (1679–1731) died in 1731 without a male successor, the right to the title of duke passed to his only niece, Elisabetta Farnese. Her eldest son Karl ruled Parma until 1736.
On October 25, 1739, Philip married the French Princess Louise Elisabeth of France , first daughter of King Louis XV. from France. The aim of this marriage project, the marriage of the twelve-year-old princess with her eighteen-year-old cousin, was to strengthen the relationship between the French and Spanish Bourbons.
As part of the War of the Polish Succession , Karl was transferred to the reign of the Kingdom of Naples-Sicily in exchange for the title of Duke of Parma . Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla were now owned by the Roman-German Emperor Charles VI until 1748 . After the death of Emperor Karl VI. his daughter Maria Theresa succeeded her father, which resulted in the Austrian War of Succession. Philipp fought in Italy during the War of the Austrian Succession .
Philip was finally elected Duke of Parma in the Peace of Aachen in 1748, where his mother's family, the Farnese , ruled until their extinction in 1731. On March 9, 1749 he entered his new domain and officially took over the business of government on July 1, 1749. He thus founded the Bourbon-Parma line , which ruled with interruptions until 1860. The new territory included the duchies of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla and was economically ruined due to numerous wars waged by Philip's brother Charles. The young duke tried to improve economic conditions by appointing the French Guillaume du Tillot as Minister of Parma in 1759. During his tenure, the gifted Frenchman promoted agriculture, industry and trade and reformed administration and finance. Culture also flourished during this period, as Du Tilliot founded institutions such as the Academy of Fine Arts, the Museo d'Antichità, a library and a printing company, and appointed local and foreign scholars and artists to the court of Parma. During this time, the Duchy of Parma experienced an economic and cultural boom.
The Duke died on July 18, 1765 in Alessandria when he wanted to accompany his youngest daughter to Genoa during the celebrations for the wedding of Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Parma with the then Prince of Asturias Charles .
ancestors
| Louis XIV , King of France (1638–1715) | |||||||||||||
| Louis of France Dauphin of France (1661–1711) | |||||||||||||
| Maria Teresa of Spain (1638–1683) | |||||||||||||
| Philip V King of Spain (1683–1746) | |||||||||||||
| Ferdinand Maria , Elector of Bavaria (1636–1679) | |||||||||||||
| Maria Anna of Bavaria (1660–1690) | |||||||||||||
| Henriette Adelheid of Savoy (1636–1676) | |||||||||||||
| Philip of Spain, Duke of Parma | |||||||||||||
| Ranuccio II Farnese (1630-1694) | |||||||||||||
| Odoardo II Farnese (1666-1693) | |||||||||||||
| Isabella d´Este (1635–1666) | |||||||||||||
| Elisabetta Farnese (1692–1766) | |||||||||||||
| Philipp Wilhelm , Elector Palatinate (1615–1690) | |||||||||||||
| Dorothea Sophie of the Palatinate (1670–1748) | |||||||||||||
| Elisabeth Amalie of Hessen-Darmstadt (1635–1709) | |||||||||||||
progeny
- Isabella von Bourbon-Parma (1741–1763), ⚭ 1760 Joseph II. Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation
- Ferdinand I (1751–1802), Duke of Parma
- Maria Luise von Bourbon-Parma (1751–1819), ⚭ 1765 Charles IV. King of Spain
Web links
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Maria Theresa |
Duke of Parma 1748–1765 |
Ferdinand |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Philip |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Filippo |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Parma |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 15, 1720 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Madrid |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 18, 1765 |
| Place of death | Alessandria |