Philipp Christian von Normann-Ehrenfels

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Count Philipp Christian von Normann-Ehrenfels on a painting by Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch around 1812

Philipp Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Normann , since January 1, 1806 Count von Normann-Ehrenfels (born October 25, 1756 in Stresow , Pomerania, near Greifswald; † May 26, 1817 in Tübingen ) was a German lawyer . He was Minister of State of the Kingdom of Württemberg .

Life

Philipp Christian von Normann came from the old knight family von Normann from the island of Rügen . Normann attended the High Charles School from 1768 to 1776 , from which he graduated with the highest distinction. He married Franziska von Harling (1766-1819) in 1782 . She "gave birth to 15 children, of whom six sons and three daughters reached adulthood", including the two Württemberg state parliament members Karl August Friedrich Graf von Normann-Ehrenfels (1783-1824) and Friedrich Graf von Normann-Ehrenfels (1787-1834). The son Karl Friedrich Leberecht Graf von Normann-Ehrenfels (1784-1822) changed fronts with his brigade during the Battle of Leipzig in 1813 and joined the coalition against France. Although Württemberg transferred to the Allied camp shortly afterwards, he fell out of favor with the king. The punitive measures imposed on his son hit the loyal minister i. R. hard, especially since he immediately had to take responsibility for his debts in the amount of 4,000 guilders. Karl Friedrich Lebrecht died as a volunteer at the top of philhellenes - Battalion in the Greek War of Independence .

Career

In 1778 Normann became a councilor at the court of Duke Carl Eugen , in 1782 court judge and teacher at the Hohen Karlsschule and in 1791 the court president . According to Ina Ulrike Paul, his importance then increased: " Since 1792 entrusted with increasingly important foreign policy missions, the outstanding lawyer made a name for himself as a capable diplomat in Paris, Vienna and Regensburg ". In 1796 he went first to Paris as envoy of the Swabian Empire . In negotiations with the French government, he was able to achieve a reduction in the burden of war. In 1799, Normann organized the people's armament in Württemberg with great skill. In 1800 Normann became Privy Councilor and Vice President of the Württemberg government and, in 1802, Minister of State of Duke Friedrich II for the newly acquired territories, after having held decisive talks with France the previous year about the compensation of the House of Württemberg for the loss of its property on the left bank of the Rhine . In the following years, Normann, as head of the regional government in Ellwangen, was entrusted with establishing the state administration in the New Württemberg areas. In 1803 he was enfeoffed with the Ehrenfels estate, which had long served the abbots of the Zwiefalten monastery as a summer residence, but after the secularization in 1802 had passed into the possession of Elector Friedrich.

At the Friedrichshöhle, also called Wimsener Höhle , which belongs to the property of the Ehrenfels estate, he had an inscription for Friedrich attached. The Latin inscription reads: “Grata tuum praesens numen mea nympha salutat. Laetior unda tibi nunc Friderice fluit. MDCCCIII. IX Aug FF Normann. "Translated quite freely into German (instead of" Welle "for example" Rauschende Ach ") this means:" The nymph who rules here gratefully welcomes the distinguished visitor. You flow happier now, Friedrich, the rustling oh. August 9, 1803 FF von Normann. “The abbreviation FF stands for Friedrich Freiherr.

In 1805, in a meeting with the French Foreign Minister Talleyrand, Normann negotiated the royal dignity for his employer. With the elevation of the Elector to King of Württemberg on January 1, 1806, Normann was raised to the rank of count on the title of his estate Ehrenfels. From 1806 to 1812 Normann was Minister of the Royal Württemberg Department of the Interior and in 1807 also Minister of the Department of Foreign Affairs.

Minister Normann-Ehrenfels, who was so significantly involved in the establishment of the Kingdom of Württemberg, resigned from all his state offices in 1812 at the age of 54 for health reasons. From 1815 to 1817 he was a member of the state assemblies of the Kingdom of Württemberg . In contrast to many representatives of the nobility, he spoke out in favor of the adoption of the royal draft constitution. Since May 1815 he was represented at the meetings of the estates by his son Friedrich. At the age of 61, Philipp Christian Friedrich Graf von Normann-Ehrenfels died in Tübingen on May 26, 1817 from a stroke.

characterization

Count von Normann-Ehrenfels played a similar role for Württemberg as the Minister Reitzenstein for Baden or the Minister Montgelas for Bavaria , although Normann did not quite come close to their statesmanlike format, which he was unable to do because King Friedrich von Württemberg was much stronger Measures himself pursued politics and held the reins of power firmly in his hands, in contrast to King Max of Bavaria or Grand Duke Karl Friedrich von Baden .

Ina Ulrike Paul describes von Normann-Ehrenfels in "Neue Deutsche Biographie 19 (1999)" as follows: " With the Württ. King, N. shared, besides some related traits, the anti-revolutionary attitude, budgetary skills, the often harsh tone, aristocratic pride and the inclination to to intervene even in the most insignificant things himself; and like this he was rarely judged positively. In fact, N's basic views as a convinced representative of the monarchical system and his attachment to the Old Kingdom, which had been detached from state patriotism, met with those of the king, to whom he was loyal and Contemporaries and posterity agree that N. was "an excellent head and very agile businessman" (Eugen Frhr. v. Maucler, Minister of Justice of Wilhelm I, in his memoirs written in 1844) of statesmanlike stature, who was - creative and working independently - sustainably shaping the internal politics and administration of Württemberg during the reform period gte. "

Awards

Philipp Christian von Normann-Ehrenfels was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Royal Order of the Golden Eagle . He also received the Bavarian Order of Hubert .

Works

  • Observationes ad rescriptum commissoriale Johannas XXI. (XX.), R [omani] P [ontificis] dd. XIII. April MCCLXXVII., Diss. Stuttgart 1778
  • Memories from his handwritten notes, ed. by Freiherr Roth von Schreckenstein, Stuttgart, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1891. New edition in the “Forgotten Books” series, London 2017. Originally written in 1804 - not for the public.

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to Karl Bosl's Biographical Dictionary , Count von Normann-Ehrenfels was the son of the Prussian general Karl Ludwig Freiherr von Normann († 1780), according to Frank Raberg's Biographical Handbook the father was the Prussian sergeant- major Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Normann (1712–1767). The mother's name was Ida Isabel von Behr (1727–1758).
  2. ↑ https://zeitreise-bb.de/graf-norman-ehrenfels-in-moetzingen/ Susanne Kittelberger: Last heyday, in: zeitreise-bb.de, accessed on June 10, 2020
  3. ↑ https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz72406.html Paul, Ina Ulrike, "Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Graf von" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 19 (1999), pp. 344–346 [online version ] Deutsche Biographie.de, accessed on June 9, 2020
  4. ↑ http://www.germancavediving.de/wimsener-hoehle.html Rainer Straub: The Wimsener Höhle, accessed on June 9, 2020
  5. ↑ http://www.germancavediving.de/wimsener-hoehle.html Rainer Straub: The Wimsener cave
  6. ^ Johann Daniel Georg von Memminger: Description of the Upper Office Münsingen . Cotta, Stuttgart and Tübingen 1825, p. 5 and p. 171 ( digitized version )
  7. ↑ https://zeitreise-bb.de/graf-norman-ehrenfels-in-moetzingen/ Susanne Kittelberger: Last heyday, in: zeitreise-bb.de, accessed on June 10, 2020
  8. ↑ https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz72406.html Paul, Ina Ulrike, "Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Graf von" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 19 (1999), pp. 344–346 [online version ] Deutsche Biographie.de, accessed on June 9, 2020
  9. ^ Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Württemberg 1815, p. 14
  10. ↑ https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz72406.html Paul, Ina Ulrike, "Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Graf von" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 19 (1999), pp. 344–346 [online version ] German Biographie.de
  11. ↑ https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz72406.html Paul, Ina Ulrike, "Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Graf von" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 19 (1999), pp. 344–346 [online version ] German Biographie.de
  12. ↑ https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz72406.html Paul, Ina Ulrike, "Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Graf von" in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 19 (1999), pp. 344–346 [online version ] German Biographie.de

literature

  • Eugen Schneider :  Normann, Philipp Christian Friedrich v. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, p. 20.
  • Paul, Ina Ulrike:  Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Friedrich Graf von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , pp. 344-346 ( digitized version ).
  • Paul, Ina Ulrike: Diplomacy and reforms " for Württemberg's lasting greatness ". Philipp Christian Friedrich Graf von Normann-Ehrenfels and the emergence of the modern Württemberg state. In: Journal of Württemberg State History. Volume 68 (2009) pp. 321-343.
  • Karl Heinrich Roth von Schreckenstein : Philipp Christian Friedrich Graf v. Normann-Ehrenfels. Royal Württemberg Minister of State born in 1756 - died in 1817. Memorabilia from his personal notes . Stuttgart 1891
  • Karl Bosl , Günther Franz , Hanns Hubert Hofmann: Biographical dictionary on German history. Second band: I-R . 2nd completely revised and greatly expanded edition. Francke, Munich 1974, ISBN 3-7720-1082-2 , p. 2032.
  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 617 .
  • Württembergisches Landesmuseum Stuttgart (ed.): Baden and Württemberg in the age of Napoleon . Volume 1, 1: Catalog . Cantz, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-922608-44-2 , p. 314 (exhibition catalog: Stuttgart, Kunstgebäude, May 16 - August 15, 1987).
  • The Kingdom of Württemberg. 1806–1918 monarchy and modernity . Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7995-0221-1 , p. 58 (exhibition catalog: Stuttgart, Landesmuseum Württemberg, September 22, 2006 - February 4, 2007).
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the count's houses, 1863 p.597 , 1916 p.672f

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Normann, Philipp Christian Friedrich Freiherr von (full name until 1805); Normann-Ehrenfels, Philipp Christian Friedrich Graf von (full name from 1806)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and Minister of State of the Kingdom of Württemberg
DATE OF BIRTH October 25, 1756
PLACE OF BIRTH Stresow
DATE OF DEATH May 26, 1817
Place of death Tübingen