Pram (river)

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Pram
The Pram in Schärding

The Pram in Schärding

Data
location Upper Austria
River system Danube
Drain over Inn  → Danube  → Black Sea
source Symbrunn, parish building. Geiersberg
48 ° 10 ′ 50 ″  N , 13 ° 36 ′ 56 ″  E
Source height 620  m above sea level A.
muzzle at Schärding coordinates: 48 ° 28 '4 "  N , 13 ° 26' 1"  E 48 ° 28 '4 "  N , 13 ° 26' 1"  E
Mouth height approx.  304  m above sea level A.
Height difference approx. 316 m
Bottom slope approx. 5.6 ‰
length 56 km
Catchment area 382.3 km²
Discharge at the Pramerdorf
A Eo gauge: 340.9 km²
Location: 5.32 km above the mouth 		NNQ (22.06.2000)
MNQ 1976–2009
MQ 1976–2009
Mq 1976–2009
 MHQ 1976–2009
HHQ (12.08.2002) 		7 l / s
1.19 m³ / s
4.84 m³ / s
14.2 l / (s km²)
 117 m³ / s
248 m³ / s
Right tributaries Pfudabach
Small towns Schärding
Communities Geiersberg , St. Marienkirchen aH , Pram , Taiskirchen iI , Dorf ad Pram , Riedau , Zell ad Pram , Raab , Andorf , Taufkirchen ad Pram , St. Florian a.Inn , Schärding
Residents in the catchment area 33,000 (1995)

The Pram is a river in Upper Austria . Along with the Danube and Inn, it is the most important body of water in the northern Innviertel .

Renaturation of the Pram near Taufkirchen (2016/17)

geography

The Pram rises southwest of Haag am Hausruck and flows into the Inn near Schärding . It has a natural length of 56 km and a catchment area of ​​around 384 km². Its immediate area of ​​origin is part of the Hausruck Forest , bears the name Symbrunn and is about 620 m above sea level. It flows in a northerly, later north-westerly direction and overcomes a difference in altitude of 316 m to its mouth. On the first 1.1 km the difference in altitude is 100 m, which corresponds to a gradient of 9.1%, in the next 10 km long section the gradient is 1.2%, while the last 45 km of your run is a gradient of 2 .1 ‰. The actual lower course (from km 12.4 to the mouth) has a gradient of only 1.2 ‰. The Pram passes through the municipalities of Geiersberg , Pram , Taiskirchen , Dorf an der Pram , Riedau , Zell an der Pram , Raab , Andorf , Taufkirchen an der Pram , St. Florian am Inn and Schärding.

history

The Pram is first mentioned as prama around the year 1140 , while the municipality of the same name Pram is already mentioned as Prama in 903 . The origin of the name Pram has not yet been clearly clarified: On the one hand, attempts have been made to derive the name from the Old High German word "brama" for "blackberry bush" and, on the other hand, from the Celtic word "Proima" for "Krebsenbach".

The first mills on the Pram are mentioned as early as the 12th century (1150 a mill in Eizinsdorf , i.e. Etzelsdorf, municipality of Taufkirchen an der Pram). Apart from the construction of weirs and mill streams (the longest mill stream on the Pram is near Vilsassing, Gem. Sankt Florian am Inn), which took place in the Middle Ages, the most serious intervention in the course of the Pram began in the 19th century.

environment

Large parts of the river were regulated for flood protection reasons in the 1960s, which increased the flow rate and reduced the water level. The river can only develop freely and form meanders in isolated sections outside the settlement areas. In 2012 and 2013, a "renaturation" took place between Riedau and Zell an der Pram for around 3 million euros as part of the European Water Framework Directive 2000/60 / EC (Water Framework Directive) . In addition to flood protection, the aim of this measure was to improve the water ecology.

fauna

There are only a few European freshwater fish left in the Pram, including pike , carp , perch , pikeperch , brown trout and rainbow trout .

flora

The bank is mostly overgrown with alders and willows .

Water quality

The water quality of the Pram has a water quality class of II-III. The water is mainly polluted by intensive agriculture and the runoff from sewage treatment plants. The use of a new sewage treatment plant in Zell an der Pram should improve the water quality.

economy

In earlier centuries the pram was of great regional importance as a power source for mills and sawmills. There were 40 mills along the Pram.

gallery

literature

  • Heinz Hofinger: The mills on the Pram . Landesverlag, Ried im Innkreis 1971.
  • PRAM - studies on water quality, status 1992–1994 . In: Office of the Upper Austrian. Landesregierung (Hrsg.): Water protection report . tape 8 . Self-published, Linz 1995 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  • Defense register of the Pram and its tributaries . In: Office of the Upper Austrian. Landesregierung (Hrsg.): Water protection report . tape 23 . Friedrich VDV, Linz 2000 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).

Web links

Commons : Pram (river)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Upper Austrian Water Protection Report 8/95, p. 8.
  2. ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2009. 117th volume. Vienna 2011, p. OG 155, PDF (12.1 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (yearbook 2009)
  3. ↑ Hofinger 1971, p. 11.
  4. ↑ Codex Traditionum Monasterii Formbacensis . In:  Upper Austrian document book . Volume 1, No. CXXIX, p. 664 (“eizinsdorf”).
  5. ↑ Hofinger 1971.