Oxytropis prenja

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Oxytropis prenja
Oxytropis prenja (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Prenj)

Oxytropis prenja (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Prenj )

Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Tribe : Galegeae
Genre : Pointed keels ( Oxytropis )
Type : Oxytropis prenja
Scientific name
Oxytropis prenja
( G.Beck ) G.Beck

Oxytropis prenja (German Prenj-Spitzkiel , Serbo-Croatian Prenjska oštrica) is a species of the genus of the pointed keel ( Oxytropis ) in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae) within the family of the leguminous plants (Fabaceae). It is endemic to the Prenj Mountainsin Bosnia and Herzegovina .

Description and system

Distinguishing features to similar species

Illustration for the Protologue of Beck's Art Diagnosis, 1891

Oxytropis prenja is particularly closely related to the endemic species Oxytropis kozhuharovii from the Bulgarian Pirin Mountains, as well as to Oxytropis halleri ssp. korabensis from the Korab Mountains on the Macedonian-Albanian border. All of these types are characterized by the violet or lavender flowers. Oxytropis prenja , however, is particularly small and therefore unmistakable in its habitat. It is the only species that has only six to eight pairs of lilac leaves.

Vegetative characteristics

Oxytropis prenja is a low-growing stalkless perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of seldom 4 to, mostly 5 to 10 centimeters. The root system is well developed, the taproot is thick, branched and deep. The above-ground parts of the plant are hairy tomentose. The numerous leaves stand together in a basal rosette of leaves . The leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The pinnate leaf blade usually contains six to seven (five to eight) pairs of leaflets . The leaflets are 8 millimeters long and 4 to 5 millimeters wide, ovate and lanceolate, covered on both sides with long, pressed hairs. The edge of the leaflet is slightly curved inwards.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time is in July. The upright flowers are clustered in a head-like to elongated racemose inflorescence .

The hermaphroditic flowers are zygomorphic with a length of 15 to 20 millimeters and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five tube-bell-shaped sepals are short tube-like fused, tomentose with long whitish or yellowish, like pressed and clearly shorter black hairs. The calyx teeth are short triangular and with a length of 3 millimeters long 3.5 to 4 times shorter than the calyx tube. The five purple to lilac-colored petals stand together in the typical shape of the butterfly flower .

The upright, sitting legume is 14 to 18 millimeters long, light brown, elongated-egg-shaped, the inflated legume narrows towards the tip into an increasingly pointed long beak. The legume is covered with long woolly light and short black hairs. The chestnut brown seeds are kidney-shaped.

ecology

Oxytropis prenja is a light plant of the summit corridor where there is little competitive pressure on the nutrient-poor and skeletal soils. As a hemicryptophyte , it grows into a stemless, compact rosette plant . As a heat-loving and drought-resistant species, it is also adapted to longer summer dry periods in alpine locations due to the microphylly of the leaflets, hairiness and a strong taproot.

Occurrence and plant-sociological classification

Distribution map of the blue-blooded pointed keels of the Balkan Peninsula

Oxytropis prenja was considered endemic to Bosnia and Herzegovina, for which it was assumed that it is only widespread in the Herzegovinian Prenj Mountains at altitudes above 1900 meters. More recent information from Kuzuharova et al. (2007) also give sources in Montenegro ( Durmitor ) and Greece ( Gramos ). The species from the Durmitor is also listed in the 2005 supplement to Flora Montenegrina (Vukić Pulević - Građa za vaskularnu floru Crne goru , 2005, p. 77).

Oxytropis prenja is an extremely calcareous species that thrives best on lime-rich rendzine and raw soils of the Rendzic- Leptosol soil class in the alpine altitude of the Dinarides. It can be found in exposed locations in the warm, dry karst wind ceilings in the summit and ridge area as well as limestone grasslands and debris fields .

As a kind of character he is part of the Association Oxytropidion dinaricae within the class of alpine bluegrass - Naked Ried lawn (Elyno-Seslerietea) in the associations Helianthemetum alpestris and Edraiantho-Dryadetum . In addition to Oxytropis prenja, there are also: Dryas octopetala , Edraianthus graminifolius , Gentianella crispata , Alchemilla illyrica and Anthyllis alpestris .

literature

  • Peter Leins, Hermann Merxmüller: Oxytropis. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 124–126 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).

Web links

Commons : Oxytropis prenja  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Oxytropis prenja in the Herbarium of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris [1]

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Čedomil Šilić : Emdemične biljke. Priroda Jugoslavije, Vol. 4, 1990, p. 62, Svjetlost Sarajevo, 3rd edition. ISBN 86-01-02557-9
  2. ↑ Dolja Pavlova, Dimitar Dimitrov, Michaela Nikolova 1999: Oxytropis kozhuharoii ( Fabaceae ), a new species from Bulgaria. Wildenowia, 29, 69-75. Here p. 75.
  3. ↑ Ekaterina Kozuharova, A. John Richards, Marie Hale, Kirsten Wolff: Two rare Oxytropis species (Fabaceae) endemic to the Pirin Mts, Bulgaria. In: Phytologia Balcanica , Volume 13, No. 3, Sofia, 2007, pp. 335-346. (PDF)
  4. ↑ Jindřich Chrtek, Anna Chrtková 1982: Comments on some Balkan Oxytropis species. In: Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica , Volume 18, No. 3, 1983, p. 311 JSTOR 4180441
  5. ↑ Peter Leins, Hermann Merxmüller: To the structure of the Oxytropis campestris group. In: Communications of the Botanical State Collection Munich , Volume 6, 1966, 19-31. Here p. 22.
  6. ↑ Dolja Pavlova, Dimitar Dimitrov, Michaela Nikolova 1999: Oxytropis kozhuharovii ( Fabaceae ), a new species from Bulgaria. P. 73.
  7. ↑ Ekaterina Kozuharova, A. John Richards, Marie Hale, Kirsten Wolff 2007: Two rare Oxytropis species ( Fabaceae ) endemic to the Pirin Mts. Bulgaria. Phytol. Balcanica, 13 (3) 335-346.
  8. ^ Arne Strid 1986: Mountain Flora of Greece . Vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, London, p. 479
  9. ↑ Vukić Pulević 2005: Građa za vaskularnu Floru Crne Gore - Dopuna "Conspectus Florae Montenegrinae" J. Rohlene . Rebulički Zavod za Zaštitu Prirode Crne Gore, Vol. 2, Podgorica. P. 77