Abbetesrode Provost Office

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Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 38 ″  N , 9 ° 56 ′ 11 ″  E

Map: Hessen
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Abbetesrode Provost Office​
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Hesse

The Abbetesrode Propstei was a Benedictine monastery founded around 1077 as a subsidiary of the Fulda Abbey in today's village of Abterode , the administrative seat of the municipality of Meißner in the Werra-Meißner district in North Hesse . The history of the Convention , and in particular the duration of its existence, is largely unclear based on the sources known to date.

history

Propstei

Abt Ruthard of Fulda founded in 1077 in the eastern foothills of the High Meissner , the small, the Saints Vincent de Valencia consecrated Benedictine provost Abbetesrode around which then formed a small settlement. Although the provost had considerable land holdings from the Fulda property in the wider area of ​​the village, it apparently did not enjoy a long prosperity. The Counts of Bilstein , appointed by the Fulda abbots as bailiffs , oppressed the monastery more than they protected it, and in particular the establishment of the Premonstratensian double monastery of Germerode in 1144/45 by Count Rugger II as the home monastery of the Bilsteiners had a disadvantageous effect out. The Abettesrode convent lost its importance and was therefore finally dissolved - the date is not yet known - and then connected to the local parish of Abterode in 1544. The provost's office remained as a wealthy benefice whose owners often held other ecclesiastical offices and beneficiaries.

It is unclear whether the convent as such still existed in 1421; In that year the provost, a gentleman from Bischofferode, and his brother Johannes, castellan at Spangenberg Castle , founded a vicarie at the altar of John the Baptist, but reserved the right to present it.

reformation

With the introduction of the Reformation in the Landgraviate of Hesse , the village of Abterode became Protestant in 1527. However, the provost office itself did not follow until 1544, when the prince abbot of Fulda, Philipp Schenk zu Schweinsberg , his cousin Rudolf Schenk zu Schweinsberg , landgrave councilor and governor of the Werra, enfeoffed them with the consent of the abbot and the Hessian landgrave Philipp , converted into a parish and school and united the provost with the local parish. Up to this point in time, the local parish was only a vicarie of the landlord, who was enfeoffed by the Fulda Abbey with the income from the former provost's office. As such disposal Rudolf Schenk zu Schweinsberg also that the provost and priest should order the whole provost income in 1544, including but yearly 20 quarter note rye to the Cyriakus pen in Eschwege had to deliver.

The first Protestant pastor was Burkard Waldis (1490–1556), who referred to himself as administrator of the provost and parish in 1544 and as “provost and pastor of Abterode” in 1544 and who also achieved literary importance as a poet. The pastors who followed him also referred to themselves as "provosts" until the Seven Years' War .

Church and Propsteigebuilding

The church of the convent was a three-aisled columned basilica with six arcades and a rectangular, hip-roofed tower. It was consecrated to Saint Boniface and was used as the parish church of the village until the end of the convent until the second half of the 19th century. It was the oldest Romanesque church in the Meißnervorland , but the Kassel consistory ordered it to be demolished and rebuilt due to irreparable damage. It was demolished in 1867 and replaced by today's Abteroder village church from 1867 to 1868 . A model of the former monastery church is in the aisle of today's church.

The other buildings of the former provost's office were in the east of the village in the area still known today as the “Alter Hof”, where the town's cemetery is also located. During the secularization , this area was given to the miners of the Grube Gustav copper mine in hereditary lease and has since been called the “Berg Freiheit”.

Church of the Dead

The village had a second church from the 14th century, not far to the east outside the village on a hill north of the Bärenstein , which was the actual parish church of the village. After the dissolution of the convent, when the church became a village church, this single-aisle building was still used for funeral sermons - hence also called the "Church of the Dead" - and in summer also for ordinary services. Its interior was ravaged and looted by a band of robbers in 1809, and the church was subsequently neglected and left to decay. The listed ruins of this former church are still standing today.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Including 53 Slavic families in Eichsfeld ( Johann Wolf: Political history of the Eichsfeld explained with documents . First volume. Rosenbusch, Göttingen, 1792, p. 35 ).
  2. ^ Abterode Benedictine monastery, Meißner community, at LAGIS: Monasteries ; Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Evangelical Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel, 1835, p. 269
  3. ↑ Even today, a large part of the Abteröder district consists of parish land .
  4. ↑ The von Bischofferode were a lower nobility first mentioned in 1280 and extinct in 1608.
  5. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel, 1835, p. 268
  6. ↑ The first demonstrable evangelical pastor in the village was Christoph Thiele 1542-1544, but the Reformation was probably introduced at the time of pastor Nikolaus Junghans, pastor from around 1499 to 1537. ( https://www.lagis-hessen.de/de/subjects/gsrec/current/1/sn/ol?q=Abterode )
  7. ↑ In 1301 the Hessian landgraves bought the entire allodial and fiefdom of the Bilsteiners.
  8. ^ Abterode Benedictine monastery, Meißner parish, at LAGIS: Monasteries
  9. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel, 1835, pp. 269-270
  10. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse . Kassel, 1835, p. 269
  11. ^ Abterode, on the website of the Meißner community
  12. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse . Kassel, 1835, p. 270 ; Abterode Benedictine monastery, Meißner community, at LAGIS: Monasteries
  13. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel, 1835, p. 270
  14. ^ F. Pfister: Small handbook of regional studies of Kurhessen . Hotop, Kassel, 1840, p. 173
  15. ^ Wilhelm Bach: Church statistics of the Protestant Church in the Electorate of Hesse. Kassel, 1835, p. 270

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