Quetzin (Plau am See)
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Quetzin
City of Plau am See
Coordinates: 53 ° 29 ′ 37 ″ N , 12 ° 16 ′ 15 ″ E
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| Height : | 70 m above sea level NHN | |
| Incorporation : | October 26, 1921 | |
| Postal code : | 19395 | |
| Area code : | 038735 | |
Location of Quetzin in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania |
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Quetzin is a district of the town of Plau am See in the east of the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .
Surname
"Quetzin" goes back to cucin, cuzin or cutin. The origin is probably the Slavic word chitza or chitiza , which means something like “fishermen's home” or “fisherman's hut”.
location
Quetzin is the oldest settlement on the west bank of the Plauer See . It is located in a gently rolling, sandy heathland south of the Leistener Lanke , a bay in the Plauer See. The federal highway 103 and the (disused) railway line Güstrow – Meyenburg run on the western edge of the town .
Slav period
Around the year 700, Slavic settlers came from the east to what is now Mecklenburg, which was almost deserted after the Germanic tribes left . Over time they formed a tribal hierarchy. One of the smallest tribes were the Bethenzers , who had their settlement area in the region west of the Plauer See and were quickly absorbed into the Warnower tribe .
On a shoal or flat island in the Plauer See, the Slavs built a castle in the 10th century that offered them protection. The actual village was on the nearby bank. A bridge that was last renewed in 1182/83 connected both. The surrounding land was not very fertile, but it was easy to work with simple tools ( hook plow ). They certainly also went fishing in the Plauer See.
The old village of Quetzin
In the course of the subjugation and Christianization of the Slavic country east of the Elbe, Henry the Lion appointed Christian bailiffs from his entourage in the main castles of the country . The Quetziner Vogt, appointed in 1160, was Ludolf von Braunschweig , who was only able to assert himself for a short time. Pribislaw (Mecklenburg) , son of the Slavic prince Niklot , who died in the fighting , succeeded in retaking Quetzin Castle in 1164; However, in 1167 he had to finally submit to superiority. Pribislaw got parts of the western country as a fief . His nephew Nikolaus I (Mecklenburg) received the old tribal area of the Warnower with the Land Kessin and the Land Quetzin , but died childless. He was followed in 1200 with Heinrich Borwin I , a son of Pribislaw.
Since the remote Quetzin was not suitable for a bailiwick and the development of a trading place, the bailiwick was relocated there after the city of Plau am See was founded by Heinrich Borwin I (around 1225). The reorganization of the political situation brought the villagers further disadvantages, as they lost the fishing rights that the sovereigns now had. With a knight of Quetzin the place had a sovereign vassal ; however, he only ruled over a farming village. In 1270 or 1271 a devastating fire ravaged the village. Of 40 local farmers - the village was enfeoffed with 40 Hufen - only around half started again; however, this allowed them to enlarge their yards. The others probably moved to Plau, which was more attractive to them. The von Quetzin family died out around 1300 .
As early as 1255, the young town of Plau was assured of the right to purchase the village of Quetzin from Pribislaw I , Mr. zu Parchim-Richenberg . She noticed it very soon. In 1308 Prince Nikolaus II (Werle) sold the village to the city. The remaining twelve farmers were now liable to pay taxes to the town of Plau. From 1337 onwards they were given the right to fish again in exchange for a lease payment . In 1496, 33 people (aged 14 and over) lived in the village in twelve farming families; Children were not counted. A hundred years later the number of farms had dropped to nine. The low point was the time of the Thirty Years' War. In 1641 only one farmer and his wife were the only residents in the village. The "Beichtkinderverzeichnis 1704" lists 18 adult residents on four farms - Hufe I to IV - and in a shepherd's cottage for Quetzin. Hardly anything changed about these numbers in the following decades. From the middle of the 18th century, five boutique shops were built in Quetzin on former church land, the owners of which had little land to cultivate and were therefore dependent on income from other trades, especially handicrafts. There was a weaver, a tailor and at times also a blacksmith. The village school was located in Büdnerei II, which was built in 1776 and is still preserved today.
In 1853 one took place the separation of the four farm sites with subsequent Neuverlosung among the peasants. Hufe IV, located south of the cemetery, was moved by its new owner from the old village to the immediate vicinity of the Heidensee lake to the northwest . The five budget shops and the shepherd's cottage remained largely unaffected by the changes. Quetzin had around 60 adult residents at the time, a number that was only to increase with the formation of settlements after the First World War (see below).
The parish of Quetzin
Even if this is not documented, after conquering the country the new Christian rulers founded not only a few monasteries but also numerous churches. The importance of Quetzin as one of the main centers of the former Slavic country suggests this with the appointment of a bailiff (1160). All surrounding villages and settlements belonged to this original parish. In addition to Leisten and Zarchlin, this also certainly included the small Plawe (later Plau) and the villages of Grapentin, Gedin, Gardin, Slapsow, Gaarz and Wozeken, which were later submerged in the Plau field. When the parishes of Plau and Kuppentin were founded and organized (1235), only Leisten and Zarchlin remained. On June 24, 1264, the squire Reinward von Quetzin, the last of his family, presented the parish with two katen belonging to him, two small eel weirs and some uplifts . A little later (around 1270) the village and with it the church and the rectory were destroyed by fire. Since all documents were lost in the fire, Pastor Heinrich draws up a list of the church property and the income from it on St. Nicholas Day 1271 with witnesses. This shows a certain prosperity in the place, which also made it possible to build a new Nikolai Church , which was completed on April 17, 1325 with the consecration of the high altar by Bishop Johann von Schwerin .
In 1348 Pastor Albern von Tralow gave the 6 Pfarrhufen and 3 Katen the town of Plau perpetual lease, which resulted in the gradual decline of the parish. Nevertheless, a new bell was cast in 1522. By 1600 the church was already in disrepair due to lack of money to maintain it. In 1616 Christian Köppen became the last pastor of the place. The Thirty Years' War particularly raged in the region. Köppen died of the plague in 1638, parts of the church collapsed, the rectory was torn down by soldiers, and in 1641 there was only one house occupied by a farmer and his wife in Quetzin. In 1647 the bells were removed from the tower and in 1648 the wooden church tower, which was in danger of collapsing, was removed. Two bells came to the church in Goldberg in 1649 , which burned out in 1643. On June 24, 1793, the church ruins were finally sold for demolition. In the middle of the 19th century, remains of the foundations were left, which were removed around 1868 and built into the cemetery wall. Today there is no longer any trace of the Quetzin Church. Only the preserved bell from 1522 sounds from the Plau church tower . It bears the circumferential inscription in Gothic minuscule :
Quetzin pastors
The proven Quetzin pastors were:
- 1264, 1271 Heinrich
- 1293 Heinrich
- 1348, 1355 Albern von Tralow
- 1358, 1373 Johann Symachel
- 1518– after 1564 (1571?) Joachim von der Loo (von der Lühe)
- 1572–1574 Johann Boldt (Bolte)
- 1574–1581 Gregor Malow
- 1581–1604 Johann von der Heyde
- 1606–1615 Martin Kracht
- 1616–1638 Christian Köppen
Quetzin settlement
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Although Quetzin had been in the possession of the city of Plau since 1308, an incorporation agreement was not concluded until October 26, 1921. This met with resistance from the Quetzins; because they lost some privileges, especially tax advantages. This even led to the insolvency of some residents until 1928. An agreement could not be sealed until 1935.
For various reasons there was an unusually large number of changes in ownership of the farms after the end of the First World War. As the German inflation progressed from 1914 to 1923 , land became an object of speculation, with some owners speculating. In 1918 Christian Rose acquired Hufe II, which now bears the name Rosenhof and is still owned by the Rose family to this day. In 1924 Christian Rose also bought Hufe III and three Büdnereien. The economic crisis increasingly affected agriculture, especially in areas with barren arable soils such as in Quetzin. In June 1929, the city of Plau decided to develop the town as a "summer resort" in the area of Quetzin and along Quetziner Strasse between Quetzin and the city of Plau for settlement and development. With a contract dated June 1, 1929, the Berlin city council i. R. Gustav Nilson to develop 200 settlement sites for civil servant families. Within four months he was able to sell 55 large parcels, 4 of them on Leistener Lanke, 41 in the village and 10 in the Plau district of Heidenholz. The prices were 30 to 50 pfennigs per square meter. On December 3, 1929, the “Plauer Siedler” interest group was founded with 65 members from Berlin. End of March 1930 acquired Carl Grunert from Berlin's hooves III, a little later parts of the hooves I. His interest was mainly in the assisted settler activity in the context of Nazi war victims (NSKOV). In 1933 Grunert sold 52.4 hectares to NSKOV.
“The Quetzin settlement is to be raised as a civil servants 'and pensioners' settlement. Buyers therefore undertake not to set up or create any lunatic asylums, lung sanctuaries, industrial plants, storage sheds, sand pits or similar facilities on the sold plot that would disturb or change the character of the settlement. "
In a short time, NSKOV built 33 double and five simple houses as well as a holiday home "Haus am See". Built uniformly, the houses had an eat-in kitchen, three rooms and a laundry room. The property also included 1 acre (approx. 2500 m²) of garden land and a stable. The rent with the purchase price repaid was 28 Reichsmarks . A purchase cost around 4600 RM. The management of the settlement development was incumbent on the government master builder Kluth, a cultural and sworn surveyor from Schwerin. As a result, settler activity came to a standstill and almost came to a standstill with the beginning of the Second World War. The end of the war marked the end. In 1955, the agricultural engineer Hans-Ulrich Rose and his wife Edeltraud took over Hufe II from his father Hermann Rose and his wife Erna Rose. With the settlement of the former Hufen I and III, only the Hufen II (Rose family) and IV (at the Heidesee) remained in use as farms. The Landhotel Rosenhof, which opened on March 22, 1994, grew out of Hufe II. The Hufe IV is still used as a farm.
In 2009 Quetzin had 463 residents.
Clinic location
Rüdiger Hurrle built the first new hospital in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on the outskirts of the village of Quetzin in the direction of Plau . The construction of the rehabilitation clinic was already carried out with District Administrator Jürgen Andrees and Plaus Mayor Dr. Axel Tohtz voted. The three-story buildings are located on the Plauer See , but are covered by broken forest . The house consists of two three-wing building parts with a connecting structure and a central kitchen. According to Friedrich Loew's suggestion , a national specialist hospital for neurology / neurosurgery and orthopedics was planned. It should enable highly specialized acute care with subsequent rehabilitation . The range of subjects was expanded during the construction phase. With regard to the neurological early rehabilitation (phase B), the large intensive care unit and the helicopter landing pad with night marking, the regional association of the professional associations in Berlin wanted the provision of accident surgery capacities with a physician and (old) injury type procedures. The Plau city hospital was closed on August 4, 1993 and then converted into a nursing home. On September 30, 1995, District Administrator Andrees had to close the hospital in Lübz . That is why the community request for a regional general surgery and internal medicine was recorded in Offenburg . The opening ceremony with a tour of the house was on July 12, 1994. Rüdiger Hurrle, Prime Minister Berndt Seite and Prof. Loew spoke . In September 1994 clinical operations began in the neuro-orthopedic rehabilitation center. It had 160 orthopedic and 80 neurological beds. With the introduction of rehabilitation phase C, this relationship was reversed after the turn of the millennium . The southern part of the hospital followed the rehabilitation center in July 1995. An acute neurological department was established in 1996 with a stroke unit . Of the seven chief physicians, one came from the Saarland University Hospital , three from the Altona AK and three from the St. Georg AK . On December 30, 1998, Mediclin took over the Hurrle Clinics and thus also the Quetzin Clinic. On January 1st, 2012 it became the teaching hospital of the University of Rostock . In 2014 the 20th anniversary of the rehabilitation center was celebrated.
Attractions
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The Büdnerei, built in 1776 at August-Bebel-Straße 7, is classified as a monument .
literature
- Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : History of the city of Plau and its surroundings In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology, Volume 17 (1852), pp. 3–358 ( digitized version )
- Fred Ruchhöft : 1170-1995. 825 years of Quetzin. A village through the centuries . Plau am See 1995.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fred Ruchhöft (1995), p. 6.
- ^ Ernst Duge: Documentary news about Goldberg and the surrounding area. 1883, pp. 87, 176.
- ^ MediClin Hospital Plau am See
- ↑ MediClin Rehabilitation Center Plau am See
- ↑ Mentioned in a press article
- ^ German surgery: Plau am See (2001)
- ↑ MediClin Hospital Plau am See is an academic teaching hospital
- ^ Plauer Official Gazette
Remarks
- ↑ The fire is the real core of a traditional legend. The juvenile arsonist was promptly tried in an act of vigilante justice and burned at the stake. The name Richtberg still tells of the place where it happened, a little away from the old village.
- ↑ Evidence suggests that two pastors of the same name, perhaps related, were in office during this very long term of office.
- ↑ Closure according to a district council resolution of June 30, 1993 before the new clinic is completed. On September 7, 1995 the foundation stone was laid for the Ev. Elderly Aid Center Dr.-Wilde-Haus , which was inaugurated on October 19, 1996.
Gaarz | Hof Lalchow | Karow | Glue | Last | Plau am See (core area) | Quetzin | Reppentine