Parish Church of St. Marien (Plau am See)

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Marienkirche and market square (before 1877)

The parish church of St. Marien is an 800 year old church in Plau am See , Mecklenburg . In January 2013 she was elected Church of the Year 2012 by the Foundation for the Preservation of Church Monuments in Germany (KiBa) .

history

South view

After Duke of Saxony Heinrich the Lion had forcibly subjugated the Slavic tribes in the area of ​​today's Mecklenburg in a campaign in 1160, he set bailiffs in the main centers of the state to establish his rule, including at Quetzin Castle . From around 1218, settlers moved to the region mainly from the Lauenburg and Westphalian areas. It was they who, supported by the feudal lords, built the old place Plawe (= Flößort, place on the water ). to a city endowed with numerous privileges. Around 1225 they laid the foundation stone for the Marienkirche , a hall church of the Westphalian type, in a mixed style of Romanesque and Gothic . At the end of the 13th century, the building, which was apparently far too large for the small town, was completed. A document from 1235 names Pastor Hermanus de Plawe as the first clergyman of Plau, who was with his Schwerin bishop Brunward in Warin on August 3, 1235 .

The Reformation reached the city in 1532. Duke Heinrich V, "the peacemaker" , who often stayed at his favorite castle in Plau, appointed his court preacher Johann Wegener, a former Franciscan , as the first Protestant pastor. With the Reformation, the order of worship changed, changes in the interior of the church were initially few in Mecklenburg. But other kinds of events left their mark: in 1631 Swedish troops holed up on the church tower and shot at the castle, from where the imperial troops aimed at the church; In 1696 the tower with its "beautiful high peak" burned down completely; In 1726 the old Marien Altar burned down and in 1756 the church roof. From 1877 to 1879, the church underwent a comprehensive restoration, which also deeply altered the structure of the building. The Romanesque choir, made of field stones, was largely demolished and rebuilt in the neo-Gothic style, the vaulted tower, which was destroyed in 1696, was renewed, the tower room was divided by a second portal, the painting was completely redesigned and new chairs with extensive galleries were installed. In addition to Theodor Krüger , the builders Eugen Müschen and Carl Voss were also involved. In recent years, some parts of the church have been renovated and renewed: 1996 conversion of the heating to gas operation, 1998 renewal of the electrical system and lighting, 2000/04 restoration of all church windows, 2001/02 renewal of the bell system and restoration of two bells, 2004 renovation and equipment the sacristy, 2005 installation of a new sound system, 2006 roof structure and new roofing south roof choir, 2008 roof and facade sacristy, 2009 roof and facade nave. With the completion of the renovation of the church tower in autumn 2012, the exterior renovation of the church was completed. Every year in November the parish has since celebrated the building thanksgiving service. The painting in the choir was renovated from July to December 2016. The interior of the nave is to be renewed in 2020.

On September 7th, 2007 the Friends of St. Marien e. V. with the aim of accompanying and supporting the renovation measures. Rüdiger Döhler , who was unable to take up the post due to professional changes , was elected chairman . The former mayor Dr. Axel Tohtz. In January 2018 he was followed by the deacon Harald Kleinert, who was re-elected for four years in 2020.

building

Steeple

Looking east
Western old town

The lower tower storey made of field stones was built at the end of the 13th century, the upper tower end got its current appearance after the great fire of 1696.

In the tower hall there are two grave slabs from the 18th century. Two wooden panels commemorate the Wars of Liberation and the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71. In addition, a Pietà created in 1922 by the Plau sculptor Wilhelm Wandschneider commemorates the 146 Plau soldiers who died in the First World War . In the space between the tower stands Moses with the tablets of the Ten Commandments in a niche in the wall . The figure was once the bearer of the old baroque pulpit, hence the strange-looking pillow on his head.

120 steps lead to the approx. 41 m high tower. From a height of approx. 30 m you can see over the roofs of the city and its surroundings with the Plauer See .

The roof beams made of mighty oak beams carry a ring of three bronze bells from the years 1522, 1700 and 1963. The oldest and smallest (380 kg) belonged to the village church of St. Nikolai zu Quetzin until 1648, which was later demolished . It is the last remaining memorial to this church and was placed in the tower of St. Mary's Church around 1700. In that year three new bells were cast, of which the middle one (1,200 kg) remained. As a substitute of two in the Second World War melted bells in 1963 by the bell-founder family Schilling in Apolda new Bronze - church bell with the percussive sound a 0 cast; At 4,097 kg, it is one of the largest in Mecklenburg. The two older bells were consecrated again in May 2002 after their extensive restoration.

Nave

Nave

After stepping under the organ loft into the church interior built in the spirit of the Trinity of God, the view opens into the three-aisled , three-bay hall church with its neo-Gothic furnishings. The four mighty Romanesque pillars with the trapezoidal capitals carry a Gothic ribbed vault from the 14th century. The lettering of a former seating arrangement has been partially preserved on the stalls. By 1923 around 75% of the 1,100 places were rented to offices, guilds, families and private individuals. "Carpenters' office", "Tailors' guild", "Cloth makers' office", " Senior workers of metal workers", "Teachers' chairs", "Butchers' women", "District judges", "Magistrate" and other designations indicate craft, Industry and administration in the city.

The first 16-armed chandelier with a double-headed eagle as a crown was made by the Güstrow coppersmith Johann Christian Richter in 1728; the second, similar chandelier was made in 1885 by the Plau brass caster Theodor Lippert.

The organ was rebuilt and expanded in 1980 on the basis of the old organ by Friedrich Friese III (1879) by the Plau company Nussbücker (Mecklenburg organ building) . With 27 registers and more than 1,500 pipes , it is used, among other things, for concerts in the annual “Plauer Musiksommer”.

Sanctuary

Altar in Pentecost decorations

The chancel was largely rebuilt in 1877/79 with an unusual ceiling construction. Parts of the south wall with a priest's gate covered by a porch and the north wall were preserved in the original Romanesque construction.

The altar is adorned with a picture of the crucifixion of Jesus donated by Plau woman Sophie Micheel in 1863 and painted in Rome by the painter Friedrich Lange, who was born in Plau . In the middle of the room there is a bronze fifth in the shape of a goblet. It is decorated with numerous reliefs - including the Mecklenburg coat of arms - and a Low German inscription. Evert Wichtendal cast them in 1570 in the gun foundry of Plauer Burg.

About the Fuente a neunarmiger Marie chandelier as a crown hanging Madonna wears in a Strahlenmandorla. It dates from the pre-Reformation period.

Eleven relief-carved figures of apostles and evangelists (remains of the baroque pulpit) in the wall niches of the chancel were stolen in the summer of 1998 (see portal: Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania / List of losses of cultural assets # 1998 ).

sacristy

Altar in the sacristy

As a two-bay extension from the 14th century, the sacristy has retained its original character to this day. Today it is used as a winter church and for choir rehearsals.

A carved altar that has been handed down in parts, which was probably made in the Lübeck workshop of Henning von der Heide around 1480 , was consecrated again in 1976. The middle section shows the crucifixion scene in figures that show feelings of pain, sadness and despair, but also of perplexity, ridicule and mockery.

The preserved side wings show the hand washing of Pontius Pilate and the lamentation of Christ after he was deposed from the cross . Both were robbed in a nocturnal burglary in the summer of 1998, but were found four years later in an auction house in Rouen . After a renovation, the sacristy has been used again since 2004.

Church life

Christmas Oratorio (2018)

Protestant services are held here on Sundays and public holidays.

A number of groups, circles and choirs are active in the parish with around 1,300 parishioners. there is a wide range of offers, including around 20 concerts per year. Partnership relationships have existed with the Protestant town of Hersbruck in Franconia since 1979 .

At the beginning of 2005, the parishes of Plau am See and Barkow / Broock were declared affiliated parishes with a parish seat in Plau. The community belongs to the Parchim church region in the Mecklenburg church district of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany ( Northern Church ).

The Mecklenburg Cooperative of the Order of St. John celebrates the service on the annual Knight's Day in the Plauer Marienkirche.

Pastors

Archbishop Novgorodov and Pastor Poppe (2019)

See also

literature

  • Friedrich Lisch : The church in Plau. Mecklenburgisches Jahrbuch 8, 1843, pp. 119–121.
  • Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. IV. Volume: The district court districts of Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim, Lübz and Plau. Schwerin 1901. (Reprint: 1993, ISBN 3-910179-08-8 , pp. 585-596).
  • Horst Ende : The town churches in Mecklenburg. Berlin 1984, pp. 106-109, 174-175.
  • Fred Ruchhöft : The benefices of the Plau parish. A study of the financial circumstances of a Mecklenburg parish from its foundation to 1960.  (Master's thesis at the University of Rostock, Department of History. Rostock 1994); heavily abridged in: Communications of the Association for History of Prignitz Volume 9, Perleberg 2009, pp. 5–41.
  • Ulrich Hermanns: Medieval city churches Mecklenburg. Monument preservation and construction in the 19th century. Schwerin 1996, ISBN 3-931185-15-X , pp. 471-476.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Munich, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , pp. 410-412.
  • ZEBI eV, START eV: Village and town churches in the Parchim parish. Bremen, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-86108-795-2 , pp. 211–212,
  • Albrecht-Joachim Boldt : City Church Sankt Marien Plau am See. Views - Insights . Plau am See around 2009.
  • Fred Ruchhöft: The development of the cultural landscape in the Plau-Goldberg area in the Middle Ages. (= Rostock studies on regional history. Volume 5). Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-935319-17-7 .

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

Web links

Commons : St. Marien (Plau am See)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ St. Marien in Plau am See is the "KiBa Church of the Year 2012" (EKD)
  2. ↑ MUB . Volume I, No. 428, 1863.
  3. ^ Friedrich Lisch : History of the city of Plau and its surroundings. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology (MJB). Volume 17, 1852, pp. 33-34.
  4. ^ Horst Ende: Krüger, Theodor Christian Friedrich. In: Biographical Lexicon for Mecklenburg. Volume 6, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-7950-3750-5 , pp. 187-192.
  5. ↑ "Visitor magnet St. Marien Church extensively renovated" (EKMV)
  6. ↑ Parish Bulletin 2019-5
  7. ↑ Schweriner People's Newspaper of January 29, 2018
  8. ↑ recounted like this, occasionally the number of 164 dead is given, but this is a number reversal

Coordinates: 53 ° 27 ′ 29 ″  N , 12 ° 15 ′ 42 ″  E