Rajka

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Rajka
Coat of arms of Rajka
Rajka (Hungary)
Rajka
Rajka
Basic data
State : Hungary
Region : Western Transdanubia
County : Győr-Moson-Sopron
Small area until December 31, 2012 : Mosonmagyaróvár
Coordinates : 48 ° 0 '  N , 17 ° 12'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 59 '49 "  N , 17 ° 11' 54"  E
Area : 52.63  km²
Residents : 2,550 (Jan. 1, 2011)
Population density : 48 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+36) 96
Postal code : 9224
KSH kódja: 26587
Structure and administration (status: 2014)
Community type : local community
Mayor : Vince Kiss (independent)
Postal address : Szabadság tér 1
9224 Rajka
Website :
(Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal )

Rajka ( German Ragendorf ) is a municipality in western Hungary on the border with Slovakia and Austria . The municipality located in the small area of ​​Mosonmagyaróvár of Győr-Moson-Sopron County is the border town on the M15 motorway and also on the railway on the Bratislava-Hegyeshalom railway line .

history

The village was first mentioned in writing as Royka in 1297 . In 1495 it was named as a Hungarian-German village with the name Rackendorf . Over the centuries, the place was heavily dependent on the Danube, many residents worked as fishermen or were active in agriculture. The place was in Wieselburg County ("Moson") until 1923 , was the administrative seat of a chair district, in 1910 2682 inhabitants lived here, of which 2215 were Germans (83%), 411 Hungarians (15%) and 31 Slovaks (1%). Thus, at the beginning of the 20th century, the population was predominantly German-speaking. This did not change significantly until the Germans were expelled in spring 1946.

Ragendorf / Rajka (top center) around 1873, (recording sheet of the country survey )
Rajka Railway Station

After 1918 Ragendorf or Rajka was to come to Austria as part of Burgenland , but the Allies decided differently due to strategic considerations.

After the occupation of Hungary by the Wehrmacht in 1944, the Jews from Rajka were deported to concentration camps.

In 1947, in order to enlarge the Bratislava bridgehead , the place and five other places were to be ceded by Hungary at the request of Czechoslovakia , but it remained with Hungary together with Bezenye .

In the spring of 1946, 859 Hungarian Germans were expelled from Rajka . They were replaced by ethnic Hungarians from Slovakia.

Bilingual place-name signs (Hungarian-German)

Due to the high land prices in Bratislava and the surrounding area, many Slovaks bought cheaper land in Hungary after Hungary and Slovakia joined the European Union in 2004, thus creating a growing Slovak minority in the area. In 2012, Slovak citizens made up half of the population. However, there are many ethnic Hungarians among them. Most of the Slovaks in Rajka work and study in nearby Bratislava and have not yet formed a well-established community. Rajka is now a suburb of Bratislava. The 801 bus runs between the Rajka center and the Rusovce train station , where you can change to city buses to the center of Bratislava. Since 2017, the regional train from Hegyeshalom has also been running from Rajka to Bratislava-Petržalka . In the 2011 census, however, of the 2758 registered residents of Rajka in 1938 (70.3%) described themselves as ethnic Hungarians, 535 (19.4%) as ethnic Slovaks and 284 (10.3%) as ethnic Germans .

Attractions

  • Hennin-Zichy-Schloss, Starhemberg-Haus, house of Franz Liszt's grandfather
  • St Martin Church, 13th century, rebuilt several times
  • Protestant church

Town twinning

Personalities

  • Xaver Seidemann (1781–1841), abbot of the Cistercian monastery Heiligenkreuz, born in Rackendorf
  • Gusztáv Jány (until 1924 Gustav Hautzinger ; 1883–1947) born officer in Rajka, colonel general, executed in 1947

literature

  • Bernd Zimmermann: The "Blue Edelhof" of Ragendorf , our home newspaper of the Hungarian Germans, Stuttgart, 41st year, No. 9, September 1986, p. 20

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Károly Kocsis (DSc, University of Miskolc), Zsolt Bottlik (PhD, University of Budapest), Patrik Tátrai: Etnikai térfolyamatok a Kárpát-medence határon túli régióiban. Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Földrajtudományi Kutatóintézet (Academy of Geosciences), Budapest 2006. ISBN 963-9545-10-4
  2. ^ Magyar Statisztikai Közlemények, 1910. Évi népszámlálása. A népesség főbb adatai községek és népesebb puszták, telepek szerint (Budapest 1912), pp. 26-27
  3. ↑ a b Tóth Szabolcs Töhötöm: Hídfőállás, Magyar Nemzet of March 10, 2012, Budapest, pp. 21-26. ISSN  0133-185X
  4. ↑ More and more Slovaks in Rajka (Hungarian)
  5. ↑ Timetable bus route 801. In: www.imhd.sk/ba. Retrieved June 23, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Do integrovanej dopravy pribudli vlaky medzi Petržalkou a Rusovcami (od 10.12.2017). In: www.imhd.sk/ba. December 10, 2017, accessed June 23, 2018 (Slovak).
  7. ↑ Census in Hungary 2011, Győr-Moson-Sopron .

Web links

Commons : Rajka  - collection of images, videos and audio files