Religions in Bonn
Denomination statistics
As of December 31, 2019, 33.2 percent of Bonn's population was Catholic, 18.6 percent Protestant and 10.8 percent Islamic. 3.4 percent belong to another religious community and 33.9 percent do not belong to any religious community. On December 31, 2018, 34.2 percent of the population (112,953 people) were Roman Catholics and 19.0 percent (62,821 people) belonged to the Evangelical Church , 3.4 percent of the inhabitants (11,307 people) belonged to other denominations; 32.8 percent (108,231 people) were non-denominational. An estimated 35,000 Muslims lived in Bonn , which corresponds to almost 11 percent of the population. Historically, Bonn is shaped by Roman Catholicism . In the 20th century, the denomination of the Bonn population changed considerably. While in 1925 more than 80 percent of the population was Roman Catholic, by the end of the 1990s the proportion had almost halved.
Christianity
Roman Catholic Church
The area of today's city of Bonn has belonged to the Archdiocese of Cologne since the 4th century . The city was the seat of a choir episcopate , later an archdeaconate of the provost at St. Cassius Abbey , which was responsible for the deaneries Bonn-Ahrgau, Zülpichgau, Eifelgau and Auelgau .
At the beginning of the 16th century, Bonn was the focus of the Reformation attempts by Elector Hermann V von Wied . After the end of the Truchsessian War in 1588, Catholicism was able to prevail again - mainly thanks to the support of the Wittelsbachers .
After Kurköln was dissolved in 1802, the parishes of Bonn briefly belonged to the diocese of Aachen , in 1821/1825 they were assigned to the re-established archdiocese of Cologne.
Today the parishes of the city form the city dean of Bonn . The main Catholic church of the city is the Münsterbasilika , which, according to legend, was built over the graves of the martyrs Cassius and Florentius , soldiers of the Thebaic Legion , in the middle of the 3rd century.
The Collegium Albertinum is also located in Bonn, one of two theological convicts of the Catholic Church in North Rhine-Westphalia. This is an accommodation / training facility for Catholic theology students with the aim of ordination .
Protestant church
It was not until the French occupation of the Rhineland and the proclamation of the Organic Articles on April 8, 1802, that the Bonn Protestants - as well as the Jews - granted freedom of worship and full civil rights. In 1816 - the Rhineland had meanwhile become a province of Prussia - an evangelical community was formed that belonged to the Mülheim am Rhein district synod of the Evangelical Church in Prussia or its Rhenish provincial church.
In 1895 Bonn became the seat of its own church district , which today belongs to the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland . It unites all parishes in the Bonn and Hardtberg districts as well as von Alfter . The church district of Bonn also includes the parishes of Bornheim and Hersel outside the city of Bonn. The parishes of the cities of Bad Godesberg and Beuel , which have been incorporated into Bonn since 1969, belong to the parish of Bad Godesberg-Voreifel and the parish of An Sieg und Rhein . These two church districts also include congregations outside the city of Bonn.
The proportion of the Protestant population rose sharply after 1945 due to the influx of federal officials and has remained constant at around 25 percent since then (as of 1999).
Other Christian communities
In addition to the two large churches, there are also free churches and other Christian groups and congregations in Bonn , including the New Apostolic Church , an Old Catholic congregation (Bonn is the bishopric for Germany), a congregation of the Church of England , the Greek diocese based in Bonn- Beuel, Patriarchate Constantinople , the American Protestant Church, the Apostolic Community , a Corps (Congregation) of the Salvation Army , an Evangelical Free Church ( Baptist ) Congregation , a Free Evangelical Congregation , a Congregation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , the University -Bible friendship , the Seventh-day Adventist Fellowship, and Jehovah's Witness congregations .
Judaism
The Jewish community in Bonn can look back on a history that goes back to the Middle Ages. The memorial book of the Talmudic scholar and poet Efraim bar Jakob is a first source that reports on the life of Bonn's Jews in the 12th century. In it, he describes events from the year 1146, in which he - as a 13-year-old - and his fellow believers fled to Wolkenburg Castle in the Siebengebirge to protect themselves from persecution by Christian fellow citizens. In 1288, more than 100 Jewish citizens were murdered in another persecution. Over time, the Jewish community grew to become the largest in the Electorate of Cologne . In the 19th century the proportion of Jews in Bonn was a little more than 2% of the total population. The Jewish cemetery was laid out in 1872/73 and the new synagogue (Judengasse 2-6) was inaugurated on the banks of the Rhine in 1879 on what was then Judengasse (from 1886 on Tempelstraße ) on the north side of the Old Rhine Bridge . According to a description from 1880 , the Jewish community center (Judengasse 10) was a three- story building with a mansard roof , which - if it was the same building - had been described as dilapidated in the middle of the 19th century. In 1900 it was demolished after the roof leaked and the walls and ceilings cracked. A new parish hall on the site of the previous one (Tempelstrasse 10-12) was not built until 1909/10 according to plans by the Bonn architect and government master builder Karl Thoma ; at the same time an extension to the synagogue was built and its surroundings redesigned. Both the synagogue and the parish hall fell victim to the November pogroms in 1938 and were demolished in December 1938.
The size of the Jewish community was 747 in 1828, 685 in 1885 and around 1200 in 1932/33. More than 700 Jews did not survive the Nazi dictatorship ; they were murdered or died during deportation to the death camps of the Holocaust . After the Second World War , the Jewish community, which was newly constituted on November 3, 1945, consisted of only a few people. In 1947 she received a provisional prayer room in Weststadt (Quantiusstrasse 4). On May 26, 1959, a new synagogue was inaugurated on Tempelstrasse . In 1970 the Jewish community had 159 members. This number has now increased significantly due to immigrants from the former Soviet Union and now stands at 915 members (as of 2018). Since December 2015 there is again a Jewish university group at the University of Bonn .
Islam
The proportion of Muslims in the total population in Bonn is 10.6% and is therefore around 35,000 followers. There are nine mosque associations and three Islamic organizations that maintain a total of 13 mosques (as of January 2018). Since August 21, 2006 there has been a “Council of Muslims in Bonn”. It should become a uniform official representation of the Muslims and represent the interests of the Muslims vis-à-vis the city of Bonn and other public and civil institutions.
Bonn is the seat of the German Muslim League Bonn (DML-Bonn), a national association of predominantly German-born Muslims.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bonn in Figures , accessed on April 29, 2020.
- ↑ a b Current population. Key figures of the current population statistics (as of December 31, 2018). Statistics office of the Federal City of Bonn, accessed on February 15, 2019 .
- ↑ Manfred van Rey : The annihilation of the Jews in Bonn . Berlin 1994 ( heldermann.de [PDF; 1.4 MB ; accessed on July 29, 2017]).
- ^ Nicole Bemmelen: The new Judengasse in Bonn - origin and destruction . In: Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsverein , Stadtarchiv Bonn (ed.): Bonner Geschichtsblätter: Yearbook of the Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsverein , ISSN 0068-0052 , Volume 51/52 (2001/2002), Bonn 2003, pp. 197–284 ( here: p. 224).
- ^ Elfi Pracht-Jörns : Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Part I: Cologne district (= contributions to architectural and art monuments in the Rhineland. Volume 34.1). JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-7616-1322-9 , p. 476/477.
- ^ Nicole Bemmelen: The new Judengasse in Bonn - origin and destruction . In: Bonner Geschichtsblätter. Yearbook of the Bonner Heimat- und Geschichtsverein , Volume 51/52, 2002, ISSN 0068-0052 , pp. 197–284 (here: p. 249).
- ↑ Entry on New Synagogue Bonn in the database " KuLaDig " of the Rhineland Regional Association , accessed on July 29, 2017.
- ↑ List of monuments of the city of Bonn, 2000 (Annex: Building description synagogue in Bonn, Tempelstrasse 2-4 )
- ^ Religious Life - University of Bonn. In: www.uni-bonn.de. Retrieved September 7, 2016 .
- ^ Mosques in Bonn