H. Rider Haggard

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Henry Rider Haggard
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Sir Henry Rider Haggard (born June 22, 1856 in Bradenham Hall, Norfolk , Great Britain , †  May 14, 1925 in London ) was a British writer and exponent of the English adventure novel of the 19th century. His best known work is King Solomon's Mines ( King Solomon's Treasury or King Solomon's Diamonds ). In the English-speaking world he is known as H. Rider Haggard.

Life

Born the eighth of ten children to barrister William Haggard and Ella Doventon, an amateur writer, Henry Rider Haggard was a difficult child and was thought stupid by his father. As the only one of his parents' sons, he received no higher education. Up to the age of 17 he was taught in the Ipswich Grammar School and partly also privately. After he failed the entrance exams for the army, he came on the recommendation of his father in 1875 as secretary to the governor of Natal in South Africa , Sir Henry Bulwer. Subsequently, he worked in various official functions in South Africa, and witnessed the clashes between the British and the Boers and the local population. He familiarized himself with the problems of the country and was interested in the language, culture and legends of the Zulu , which is reflected in his novels about the big game hunter Allan Quatermain and in Nada, the lily . Haggard was primarily on the American from other adventurers who he later met in Africa scout Frederick Russell Burnham , and the considerable mineral wealth influences of southern Africa, as well as the ruins of the ancient lost civilizations in Africa, such as in Zimbabwe discovered were.

In 1880 he married the landowner heiress Mariana Louisa Margitson in Norfolk, with whom he first moved to his ostrich farm in the Transvaal . When the land fell to the Boers, he returned to England and continued his law studies. In 1884 he was admitted to the bar . Instead of practicing, however, he retired to an estate in Norfolk and began to write. After a few unsuccessful novels (and an earlier study of contemporary African history) he made his breakthrough in 1885 with King Solomon's Mines , the first novel with its protagonist Allan Quatermain, a book that has continued to be a success to this day. Allegedly, the book came about because of a bet he made with his brother that he could easily write a book as exciting as Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island , published in 1883 .

The death of his son in 1891 was a severe blow to Haggard. In 1895 he ran unsuccessfully for parliament. From 1912 to 1917 he made extensive trips as a member of the Dominions Royal Commission . An expert on agricultural and social issues, he wrote books such as The Poor and the Land (1905) and Rural England . In 1912 he was knighted and in 1915 Knight Commander of the British Empire.

Three of his siblings were also active as a writer (his sister Eleonora under the pseudonym Baroness Albert D´Anethan).

Carl Gustav Jung is also one of his admirers , for whom the figure of Queen Ayesha , a millennia-old sorceress and ruler of an African tribe, was a model for his anima concept in She . Arno Schmidt also throws a psychoanalytic look at Haggard's work in his last, fragmentary novel Julia, or the paintings .

bibliography

Allan Quatermain
Ayesha
  • She. A History of Adventure (1886)
    • German: you. A novel from the darkest of Africa. 1911. The mistress of death: Adventure novel from darkest Africa. 1926. You. Translated by Helmut Degner. Heyne SF&F # 4130, 1984, ISBN 3-453-31100-0 . You . Newly translated, with notes and an afterword by Susanne Luber. Haffmanns bei Zweiausendeins, 2006, ISBN 3-86150-573-8 .
  • Ayesha: The Return of She (1905)
    • English: Ayesha - she returns. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4132, 1984, ISBN 3-453-31109-4 .
  • She and Allan (1921)
    • German: You and Allan. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4133, 1985, ISBN 3-453-31118-3 .
  • Wisdom's Daughter: The Life and Love Story of She-Who-Must-Be-Obeyed (1923)
    • German: The daughter of wisdom. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4137, 1985, ISBN 3-453-31167-1 .
Single novels
  • The Witch's Head (1884)
  • Dawn (1884)
  • Cleopatra (1889)
    • German: Cleopatra: Historical tale from the century before the birth of Christ. Translated by Arthur Schilbach. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1898. Harmachis, the last divine pharaoh as a traitor to his people: A historical story 2000 years ago, in connection with the Egyptian mysteries, based on papyri of recently opened burial chambers. Translated by Arthur Schilbach, reviewed by Recnartus. Gebr. Fändrich, Leipzig 1925. Cleopatra. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4310, ISBN 3-453-31336-4 .
  • Colonel Quaritch, VC (1889)
    • English: Colonel Quaritch: A story from country life. Translated by Natalie Rümelin. 2 vols. Engelhorn, Stuttgart 1891.
  • Beatrice (1890)
    • German: Beatrice. German publishing company, 1892.
  • The World's Desire (1890, with Andrew Lang)
    • German: The longing of the world. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4138, 1985, ISBN 3-453-31194-9 .
  • Eric Brighteyes (1891)
    • German: Erik the Viking. Translated by Uwe Anton. Ullstein TB # 21019, 1985, ISBN 3-548-21019-8 . Erik Bright Eye. Translated from The Saga of Erik Hellauge. Translated by Klaus Schmitz. Die Tintenschmiede Schmitz, 2014, ISBN 978-3-945353-02-8 .
  • Nada the Lily (1892)
  • Montezuma's Daughter (1893)
  • The People of The Mist (1894)
    • German: Volk des Nebels: On a treasure hunt in the mysterious land of the fog. Translated by Eva-Maria Ledig. Arena, 1979, ISBN 3-401-03872-9 . The fog people. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4148, 1979, ISBN 3-453-31265-1 .
  • Benita: An African Romance (1894, also as The Spirit of Bambatse )
  • Joan Haste (1895)
  • Heart of the World (1895)
    • German: The heart of the world. Translated by Gertrude Hildebrandt-Eggert. Vita, Berlin 1898. The heart of the world. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4149, 1986, ISBN 3-453-31268-6 . The heart of the world. Translated by Gertrude Hildebrandt-Eggert and Melanie Jungierek. mach-mir-ein-ebook.de, 2015, ISBN 978-3-944309-79-8 .
  • The Wizard (1896)
  • Dr. Therne (1898)
  • Swallow. A Tale of the Great Trek (1898)
  • The Spring Of Lion (1899)
  • Black Heart And White Heart (1900)
  • Lysbeth. A Tale of the Dutch (1901)
  • Pearl Maiden (1903)
  • Stella Fregelius (1904)
  • The Brethren (1904)
  • The Way Of The Spirit (1906)
  • Fair Margaret (1907)
    • German: The beautiful Margarete. Translated by L. Chr. Kelber. Costenoble, Jena 1912.
  • The Ghost Kings (1908)
  • The Yellow God (1908)
    • German: The yellow god. An idol of Africa. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4370, 1987, ISBN 3-453-00472-8 .
  • The Lady Of Blossholme (1909)
  • Queen Sheba's Ring (1910)
    • English: The ring of the Queen of Sheba. Translated by Irene Holicki. Heyne SF&F # 5144, 1994, ISBN 3-453-07789-X .
  • Morning Star (1910)
    • German: Morgenstern. Translated by Hans Maeter. Afterword by Bernhard Heere. Heyne SF&F # 4146, 1985, ISBN 3-453-31210-4 .
  • Red Eve (1911)
  • The Mahatma and The Hare (1911)
    • English: The Mahatma and the Hare. A dream fantasy. Translated by Joachim Körber. Ed. Phantasia, 2004, ISBN 3-937897-04-6 .
  • The Wanderer's Necklace (1914)
    • English: The Wanderer's Collar. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4136, 1985, ISBN 3-453-31144-2 .
  • Love Eternal (1918)
  • Moon of Israel (1918)
  • When the World Shook (1919)
    • German: When the world trembled. Translated by Hans Maeter. Heyne SF&F # 4147, 1985, ISBN 3-453-31261-9 .
  • The Virgin of the Sun (1922)
    • English: The Virgin of the Sun. Translated by Irene Holicki. Heyne SF&F # 5428, 2000, ISBN 3-453-09489-1 .
  • Queen of the Dawn (1925)
  • Mary of Marion Isle (1929)
  • Belshazzar (1930)
Short stories and novellas
  • Black Heart and White Heart (1896)
  • Doctor Therne (1898)
  • Only a Dream (1905)
  • Smith and the Pharaohs (1912)
  • Zikali the Wizard (1913, excerpt from Child of Storm )
  • The Monster God (1913)
    • German: The monster god . In: Michel Parry (ed.): King Kong's rivals. Pabel (Vampire Paperback # 76), 1979.
  • Barbara Who Came Back (1920)
  • Little Flower (1920)
  • The Blue Curtains (1920)
  • The Missionary and the Witch Doctor (1920)
  • The Kiss of Fate (1923)
  • The Tale of Philo (1923)
Collections and editions of works
  • The Works of H. Rider Haggard. 20 vols. McKinlay, Stone & Mackenzie, New York 1886–1915.
  • Allan's Wife and Other Tales (1889)
  • Black Heart and White Heart, and Other Stories (1900)
  • Elissa: The Doom of Zimbabwe / Black Heart and White Heart: A Zulu Idyll (1900)
  • The Wizard and Black Heart and White Heart (1907)
  • Smith and the Pharaohs and Other Tales (1920)
Autobiography
  • The Days of My Life: An Autobiography by Sir H. Rider Haggard. 1926.
Diaries
  • D. Sydney Higgins (Ed.): The Private Diaries of Sir H. Rider Haggard. Cassell, London 1980, ISBN 0-304-30611-8 .
Non-fiction
  • Cetywayo and His White Neighbors; or, Remarks on Recent Events in Zululand, Natal, and the Transvaal (1882, revised edition 1888, excerpts also as The Last Boer War , 1899, also as A History of the Transvaal , 1899)
  • Church and the State: An Appeal to the Laity (1895)
  • A Farmer's Year, Being His Commonplace Book for 1898 (1899)
  • The New South Africa (1900)
  • A Winter Pilgrimage:… Travels Through Palestine, Italy, and the Island of Cyprus (1901)
  • Rural England (2 vols. 1902)
  • A Gardener's Year (1905)
  • Report on the Salvation Army Colonies (1905, also called The Poor and the Land )
  • Regeneration, Being an Account of the Social Work of the Salvation Army in Great Britain (1910)
  • Rural Denmark and Its Lessons (1911)
  • A Call to Arms to the Men of East Anglia (1914)
  • The After-War Settlement and the Employment of Ex-Service Men in the Overseas Dominions (1916)

Film adaptations

  • 1899: La colonne de feu (short film, director: Georges Méliès )
  • 1903: La flamme merveilleuse (short film, director: Georges Méliès)
  • 1908: She (short film, director: Edwin S. Porter )
  • 1911: She (short film, directed by George Nichols)
  • 1912: Jess (Director: George Nichols)
  • 1914: Jess (with Constance Crawley, Arthur Maude)
  • 1915: Mr. Meeson's Will (short film, directed by Frederick Sullivan)
  • 1916: She (Directors: William GB Barker and Horace Lisle Lucoque)
  • 1916: The Grasp of Greed (Director: Joseph De Grasse , based on Mr. Meeson's Will )
  • 1917: Dawn (Director: Horace Lisle Lucoque)
  • 1917: She (Director: Kenean Buel)
  • 1917: Heart and Soul (Director: J. Gordon Edwards, based on: Jess )
  • 1917: Cleopatra (Direction: J. Gordon Edwards)
  • 1919: King Solomon's Mines (Direction: Horace Lisle Lucoque)
  • 1919: Allan Quatermain (Director: Horace Lisle Lucoque)
  • 1921: Stella (Director: Edwin J. Collins, based on: Stella Fregelius )
  • 1921: The Stronger Passion (Direction: Herbert Brenon , Based on: Beatrice )
  • 1922: Swallow (Director: Leander De Cordova)
  • 1924: The Slave Queen (Director: Michael Curtiz , Based on: Moon of Israel )
  • 1925: She (directed by Leander De Cordova and GB Samuelson, subtitles by Haggard, includes parts from all novels)
  • 1935: She - ruler of a sunken world (alternative title: Das Land des Horens , directed by Lansing C. Holden and Irving Pichel )
  • 1937: King Solomon's Mines (Direction: Robert Stevenson , Geoffrey Barkas)
  • 1950: King Solomon's Diamonds (Directors: Compton Bennett , Andrew Marton )
  • 1959: Watusi (Director: Kurt Neumann , based on: King Solomon's Mines )
  • 1965: Ruler of the Desert (Director: Robert Day )
  • 1968: The Vengeance of She (alternative title: Young, blond and deadly , director: Cliff Owen , free film adaptation of the second novel)
  • 1977: O Trapalhão nas Minas do Rei Salomão (Director: JB Tanko, based on: King Solomon's Mines )
  • 1979: König Solomons Schatz / King Solomon's Treasure (Director: Alvin Rakoff, Based on: Allan Quartermain )
  • 1984: She - A Crazy Journey to the Future (Director: Avi Nesher )
  • 1985: Quatermain - In Search of the Treasure of the Kings (Direction: J. Lee Thompson )
  • 1986: King Solomon's Mines (animation film)
  • 1986: Quatermain II - In Search of the Mysterious City (Director: Gary Nelson, Based on : Allan Quatermain )
  • 2001: She - Ruler of the Desert (Direction: Timothy Bond )
  • 2004: Quatermain and the Treasure of King Solomon / King Solomon's Mines (TV miniseries)
  • 2007: She (directed by Clive Nolan and Agnieszka Swita, premiere of a rock opera by the member of the English band Pendragon , released on DVD)
  • 2008: Allan Quatermain and the Temple of Skulls (video, director: Mark Atkins , based on: King Solomon's Mines )

literature

Biographies
  • Morton Norton Cohen: Rider Haggard: His Life and Works . Hutchinson, London 1960. 2nd revised. 1968 edition.
  • Peter Berresford Ellis: Rider Haggard: A Voice from the Infinite . Routledge Kegan Paul, London 1978, ISBN 0-7100-0026-X .
  • Lilias Rider Haggard: The Cloak That I Left: A biography of the author Henry Rider Haggard, KBE Hodder and Stoughton, London 1976.
  • D. Sydney Higgins: Rider Haggard: The Great Storyteller. Cassell, London 1981, ISBN 0-304-30827-7 . US edition: Rider Haggard: A Biography . Stein and Day, New York 1983, ISBN 0-8128-2860-7 .
Monographs
  • Wendy R. Katz: Rider Haggard and The Fiction of Empire: A Critical Study of British Imperial Fiction. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1988.
  • Philip Leibfried: Rudyard Kipling and Sir Henry Rider Haggard on Screen, Stage, Radio and Television. McFarland & Co., Jefferson, NC 2000, ISBN 0-7864-0707-7 .
  • Gerald Monsman: H. Rider Haggard on the Imperial Frontier: The Political And Literary Contexts of His African Romances. ELT Press, 2006, ISBN 0-944318-21-5 .
  • Lindy Stiebel: Imagining Africa: Landscape in H. Rider Haggard's African Romances. Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn. 2001, ISBN 0-313-31803-4 .
Bibliographies
  • Detlef Münch: Bibliography and review of the German-language first editions by Henry Rider Haggard 1887-2004. Synergen Verlag, Dortmund 2004, ISBN 3-935634-36-6 .
  • JE Scott: A Bibliography of the Writings of Sir Henry Rider Haggard. Elkin Mathews, London 1947.
  • Lloyd Siemens: The Critical Reception of Sir Henry Rider Haggard: An Annotated Bibliography. 1882-1991. Univ. of North Carolina, Greensboro 1991.
Lexicons

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Haggard, H. Rider
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Haggard, Henry Rider; Haggard, Sir Henry Rider (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British writer and exponent of the English adventure novel
DATE OF BIRTH June 22, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Bradenham Hall, Norfolk , UK
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1925
Place of death London