Knight's Fountain

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Knight's Fountain
coat of arms
Street in Braunschweig
Knight's Fountain
The knight fountain to the north
Basic data
place Braunschweig
District Hagen
Created 13th Century
Newly designed after 1945
Hist. Names Ridderborn (1328),
by dem rydderbornen (1607),
am Ritter Brun (1671),
Ritterbrunnen (1758)
Connecting roads to the north: Wilhelmstrasse ;
to the south: Bohlweg
Cross streets from east to west: Steinweg ; to the east: Am Schloßgarten
Buildings formerly: Brunswick Castle , Castle Park ;
today: castle arcades
use
User groups Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic , public transport
Technical specifications
Street length 100 m
Excerpt from the "Plan of the City of Braunschweig" by Albrecht Heinrich Carl Conradi from around 1755. a .: (from left to right) “auf dem Schilde” (today Ackerhof ), “A” (= Grauer Hof ), “der Bohlweg ”, “gray Hoffs Garten” (= castle park ), “Der Ritter = Brunen” and “der Steinweg” ".
Map from 1829: Castle park with north of it: "Am Ritterbrunnen" and Steinweg .
Looking south from the Steinweg intersection towards the castle arcades or castle .

The Ritterbrunnen is a short street in the city ​​center of Braunschweig , in the historical Weichbild Hagen .

history

There is documentary evidence of a "Ridderborn" in the eastern inner city area, still within the Okerring , for the year 1328. One document says: "twe huse de liggen bi dem ridderbornen" ( two houses that are located at the knight's fountain ). The name is derived on the one hand from "Ridder" for knight and on the other hand from the old word "Born" for well . The "Born" was a small tributary of the Oker , which may have flowed northwards from the Klint in the nearby Magni district , past the Ritterhöfe on Bohlweg . Since this body of water flowed past the courts of the knighthood there ( Knights Templar , later Johanniter and members of the Matthäus-Kaland ), it was called "Ritterborn". This name was later transferred to the short street created there.

The “kamphof”, an area that was used by the knights living between Bohlweg and Dankwarderode Castle , was also located in this area for fighting games and weapons exercises. In 1412 a house is mentioned "in front of the kamphove by dem rydderborne". According to Meier, a chapel of St. Thomae and St. Stephani should have been located in the area of ​​the castle park (which was removed in 2005) in the 18th century. This is also described in Hermann Bote's shift book (about the Brunswick shifts ) published around 1514 : "de grawe hoff ... dar is a chapel gewiget in de ere sunte Tomas des apostles unde sunte steffens" ( the gray court ... there is a chapel to it Honoring the Apostle Thomas and Saint Stephen ).

Until the early 1960s, the Knight's Fountain was just a short, straight connecting piece between the castle park at its southern end and the Steinweg , which cuts the Knight's fountain at a right angle from east to west at its northern end . In the north, the street "[Am] Steingraben" (now called Wilhelmstrasse ), through which the watercourse continued to flow , was formerly connected . The water finally got into the Wendengraben and then poured a little below the Nickelnkulk into one of the main arms of the Oker , which has flowed through and around the city since the Middle Ages .

destruction

Just like large parts of the immediate vicinity, such as B. the streets Steinweg and north of it the Bohlweg, the Ritterbrunnen was also destroyed extensively during the Second World War by bomb attacks, especially that of October 15, 1944 .

One of the buildings destroyed there was the three-storey half - timbered house Ritterbrunnen 3 ( insurance number 1186) built between 1662 and 1689 . According to the inscription: “SIT VITA HAEC MISERA • EST CUIVIS MEDICINA DOLORI / VOX UNA: HANC DOCTUS NON MISER ESSE POTEST / BRANDANUS ABBAS RIDDAGSHUSANUS HASCE” ( May this life be miserable, there is a single word as a remedy for every pain it knows it cannot be miserable. The Riddagshausen abbot Brandanus built this (building?) ) It was built by Brandanus Daetrius , abbot of the monastery of Riddagshausen from 1662 to 1688 .

Remodeling and reconstruction

Since the construction of the Knight's Fountain consisted of half-timbered houses, similar to other large inner-city areas, rubble and ruins were usually removed after the end of the war and still standing or damaged buildings were also generously demolished in the course of the reconstruction and the " car-friendly city " postulated from the late 1950s .

From the end of the 1940s there was an artist bar called Der Strohhalm in Braunschweig . From 1955 until the building was torn down and the establishment closed in 2009, the straw was in the Ritterbrunnen 1 house. a .: Hansjörg Felmy , Gustav Knuth , Vera Chechowa , Hildegard Knef , Cornelia Froboess , Claus Peymann , Peter Lufft , Heinrich Heidersberger and Elias Canetti .

In the early 1960s the Ritterbrunnen between Braunschweig palace and Bohlweg was finally under transport policy connected the area with the also remodeled and especially much wider Bohlweg redesign and is thus since its eastern continuation northwards there. Today the six-lane Bohlweg (also with a double tram line in its center) and the Ritterbrunnen, which is a three - lane one - way street to the north, are busy streets in the center of Braunschweig.

literature

Web links

Commons : Ritterbrunnen (Braunschweig)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Degeding book des Hagen , quoted from Hermann Dürre: History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages , FN 88, p. 729
  2. ^ A b Heinrich Meier: The street names of the city of Braunschweig , pp. 87-88
  3. ^ Hermann Dürre: History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages , FN 88, p. 729
  4. ^ A b Heinrich Meier: The street names of the city of Braunschweig , p. 87
  5. ^ Hermann Dürre: History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages , Braunschweig 1861, p. 729
  6. ^ German inscriptions online
  7. ↑ Paul Jonas Meier , Karl Steinacker : The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. 2nd, expanded edition, Braunschweig 1926, p. 42
  8. ^ Business end after 37 years , In: Braunschweiger Zeitung 2009
  9. ↑ a b With the Riehl in the "straw" , In: Braunschweiger Zeitung 2007
  10. ↑ Peter Lufft : Der Strohhalm , In: Camerer, Garzmann, Schuegraf, Pingel: Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon , p. 127
  11. ^ As Canetti Braunschweig inflamed , In: Braunschweiger Zeitung of July 24, 2005
  12. ^ Johann Angel: Ritterbrunnen , In: Camerer, Garzmann, Schuegraf, Pingel: Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon , p. 195

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 54.2 ″  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 40.2 ″  E