Marienforst manor

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The Marienforst Monastery near Bad Godesberg. Watercolor copper engraving after a watercolor by Laurenz Janscha from 1792

The Marienforst manor (also: Gut Marienforst ) is a historic court ensemble in the Bonn district of Bad Godesberg ( Schweinheim district ), which is still used for agriculture today. The farm , located at Marienforster Strasse 50 ( Landesstrasse 158 ) leading from Bonn to Wachtberg , was originally a monastery with an estate that was sold in 1802 after secularization . Today there is a dairy farm here . The facility, located between Godesberger Bach and Kottenforst , is a listed building .

history

monastery

Brigitta of Sweden , founder of the Order of the Redeemer

Around the time when Godesburg was also being built in the early 13th century, nuns from the Premonstratensian monastery in Füssenich near Zülpich in the valley of the Godesberg brook founded a branch ( S. Mariae de Foresto ), which soon became the Kottenforst monastery (more precisely: Cottenforst ) was designated. After the monastery got into economic difficulties, land had to be sold. Since at the same time the monastic order was no longer adhered to by the mostly noble nuns, who were not subject to any particular order rule, the Cologne Archbishop Dietrich II von Moers dissolved the monastery. Around 1450 he initiated a re-establishment by the Order of Heil. Brigitta from Sweden (Order of the Redeemer) based on the rules of the order of St. Augustine . The new abbey was also assigned the Cistercian convent in Frauenthal to run a common household. The former owner of the Frauenthaler Hof, the Walberberg monastery , received 350 Florentines from the Marienforster convent in return . From then on, the monastery began to be called Marienforst. The structure of the monastery survived wars and destruction in the following centuries undamaged. Over time, in addition to the Premonstratensian buildings, other convent buildings, a forge, a brewery and a library were built.

Marienforst was a double monastery in which monks and nuns lived in separate enclosures . The abbess ran the business operations of the monastery with the nuns, the prior was not allowed to make any decisions without the consent of the abbess, who in turn had to submit her annual accounts to the monks. The monks wore a black and gray cloak with a hood and a red cross on the left side. They were responsible for the services in the monastery church as well as in the Markuskapelle in Godesberg and the Michaelskapelle at the Godesburg.

In 1613 some nuns and the abbess Ursula von Distelmann of the Marienforster monastery were sent to the former Cistercian monastery Maria im Spiegel in Cologne to stabilize the monastic order desired by the Cologne elector Ferdinand of Bavaria . The abbess later returned to Marienforst. During the siege of Bonn in 1689, the monastery was sacked by French troops.

secularization

As part of the secularization of the departments on the left bank of the Rhine , the Marienforst monastery was abolished in 1802 and the monastery property was nationalized. In June 1802, a commission sealed cabinets and doors and told residents to leave. When it was lifted, the prior, Father Hohenschurz, as well as eight monks and three lay brothers were still in the monastery. In 1803 it was decided that the monastery church should serve as the parish church (Cantonal parish) of Godesberg; on May 6, 1804, the first cantonal pastor was solemnly introduced in Marienforst. In the following year, however, the function was taken over by the Michaelskapelle on the Godesburg. The monastery church with two aisles was torn down and the demolition was sold.

According to an instruction from the Aachen bishop Marc-Antoine Berdolet , the chapel on the Godesberg was to receive the entire church furnishings of the Marienforster monastery church. However, the requirement was not met, the equipment of the church to be demolished was widely distributed: monstrance and paraments went to the Lessenich Laurentius Church , the high altar and the tower clock were given to the Muffendorf Martin Church , and the side altars were moved to a Rüngsdorf church. The church in Sinzig bought the organ; the ridge turret and the bells went to Altenburg (today a district of Altenahr ), to the Schweinheim plague chapel and the today neo-Romanesque Markus chapel in Bad Godesberg. The chapel on Godesberg received only a few altar candlesticks, the choir books and individual stone slabs.

Manor

The former economist of the monastery, Franz Ries from Bonn, acquired the monastery complex. In the years 1818 to 1822, considerable parts of the land and forest holdings were sold by the Prussian state. In 1828 Carl Heymann from Cologne took over the property with the adjacent fields and meadows. As early as 1832 he sold the plant to the Bonn textile entrepreneur Peter Friedrich aus'm Weerth (1779–1852, the father of Ernst aus'm Weerth ), who had already acquired the secularized Capuchin monastery in Bonn in 1803 and housed his production there. Under the Councilor of Commerce Weerth, the cloister courtyard was transformed into a well-tended estate. In 1846 the court was given the status of a manor . Weerth's son Adolf became heir to the Marienforst estate. In 1859 he sold the property to the merchant Peter Josef Michels, who in 1878 sold it to Friedrich August Engels (1850–1921, a cousin of the socialist Friedrich Engels and grandson of August Engels ). In 1883 Engels had the urban-looking Villa Engels (also called Villa Marienforst ) built within the former monastery area .

Engels' eldest son, Clemens August (1885–1941), who was married to Lilly Maria Schuchard (1881–1942) from Valparaíso (Chile), had acquired the Laacher Hof in Monheim am Rhein and in 1911 built the Laach Castle there. After his father's death in 1921, he exchanged his property in Laacher for the Marienforst estate, which his twin brother Hans had acquired. In 1929/30 Clemens August Engels sold Marienforst to Theodor Wilhelm Huttrop. Shortly before , he had sold his farm in Essen-Huttrop to the Allgemeine Bauverein Essen AG and used the proceeds to purchase the Marienforst estate.

post war period

Aerial view of the Marienforst estate from 2013. In the center left is the Villa Engels outside the courtyard

After the Second World War , Robert Leo Huttrop (1887–1972), who was district administrator of Wipperfürth before the war and was deported to the Cologne city administration during the Nazi era, took over the farm at the age of 58.

From 1974 the Villa Engels was rented for 25 years (until the move to Berlin) to the Indian embassy, which was then still located in Bonn, as an ambassador's residence. At the beginning of the 2000s, Marienforster Strasse was straightened. Extensive earthworks and construction work were necessary for this. The dilapidated mill of the former monastery had to be demolished. Two cattle tracks have been created through which the cows on the farm can reach the pastures on the other side of the L 158. The Huttrop family had to give up land to relocate the stream and expand the road. Among other things, it was necessary to create compensation areas for nature conservation reasons , so that a 2.5  hectare field was converted into pasture.

today

Today the family runs a milk production with around 70 dairy cows and 50 young animals on the estate. Around 1500 liters of milk a day are delivered to the MUH Arla dairy (formerly Milchunion Hocheifel ). The Villa Engels is rented out to businesses.

The farm is now run under the name Gut Marienforst . The villa and estate are under monument protection .

See also

Web links

Commons : S  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Ernst Weyden: Godesberg, the Siebengebirge, and their surroundings: portrayed for the stranger and local, with natural historical references . 2nd Edition. T. Habicht, Bonn 1864, p. 50 ff . ( google books ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ From: Fifty Picturesque Views of the Rhine Stream from Speyer to Düsseldorf , published by Artaria in Vienna, 1798
  2. ↑ List of monuments of the city of Bonn (as of March 15, 2019), p. 39, number A 227
  3. ^ Reimund Haas, Karl Josef Rivinius, Hermann-Josef Scheidgen: In the memory of the church awaken again: Studies on the history of Christianity in Central and Eastern Europe: Festgabe für Gabriel Adriányi on the 65th birthday . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar 2000, ISBN 978-3-412-04100-7 , pp. 131 ( google books [accessed April 17, 2016]).
  4. ^ Yearbooks of the Society of Friends of Antiquity in the Rhineland . Booklet XLVII and XLVIII. Bonn 1869, p. 309 ( google books [accessed April 17, 2016]).
  5. ^ A b Maria Koch: From Bonn's History - Marienforst Monastery. (No longer available online.) In: LORA Bürgerfunk Bonn. Archived from the original on April 17, 2016 ; Retrieved April 17, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.locomnet.de
  6. ^ Friedrich Everhard von Mering: The bishops and archbishops of Cologne according to their order. In addition to the history of the origin, progress and decline of the churches and monasteries within the city of Cologne. With particular reference to the churches and monasteries of the archdiocese . Lengfeld 1844, p. 49 ff . ( online ).
  7. ↑ a b c d Horst Heidermann: The Wuppertal Villas and Apartments - Search for traces on the Rhine . In: History in Wuppertal . Volume 20, 2011, p. 21 ( online ( memento of July 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; accessed on April 17, 2016]). The Wuppertal Villas and Apartments - Search for Traces on the Rhine ( Memento of the original from July 28, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bgv-wuppertal.de
  8. ↑ a b Horst Heidermann: Unter Linden on the Rhine - the resting places of the Wuppertal in Bonn and Bad Godesberg. In: History in Wuppertal. Volume 17, 2008, p. 71
  9. ^ EM Arndt: Walks from and around Godesberg. Eduard Weber Verlag, Bonn 1844, google books , p. 143
  10. ^ Marion Widmann: Ernst aus'm Weerth (1829–1909), founding director of the Rheinisches Provinzialmuseum. In: rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de. LVR Institute for Regional Studies and Regional History, accessed on April 17, 2016 .
  11. ↑ history. In: 100 Years of Building History 1911–2011. Retrieved April 17, 2016 (website of Schloss Laach).
  12. ^ Steeler Str. (After No. 336): Old Huttrop Cemetery. (PDF) In: List of monuments city of Essen. Retrieved April 17, 2016 .
  13. ↑ Horst Romeyk: The leading state and municipal administrative officials of the Rhine Province 1816–1945. Volume 69 of publications by the Society for Rhenish History, p. 546.
  14. ^ Lutz Blumberg: Wupsi, girls' school, village sisters. In: Kölnische Rundschau (online). February 17, 2007, accessed April 17, 2016 .
  15. ^ Contributions to the history of the city and monastery of Essen. Edition 79, Historical Association for the City and Monastery of Essen, 1963, p. 76.
  16. ↑ Jürgen Pohlmann: Definitely: Expansion of the L 158 begins in autumn. In: General-Anzeiger (Bonn) (online). May 20, 2001. Retrieved April 17, 2016 .
  17. ↑ Delphine Sachsenröder: Almost every tenth dairy farmer in North Rhine-Westphalia gives up. In: General-Anzeiger Bonn (online). January 19, 2005.

Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 21.1 ″  N , 7 ° 8 ′ 12.8 ″  E