Field rose

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Field rose
Rosa agrestis 05072006.JPG

Field rose ( Rosa agrestis )

Systematics
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Rosoideae
Genre : Roses ( pink )
Subgenus : pink
Section : Dog roses ( Caninae )
Type : Field rose
Scientific name
Rosa agrestis
Savi

The field rose ( Rosa agrestis ), also known as field rose and high hawthorn , is a species of rose ( Rosa ) within the rose family (Rosaceae). However, it should not be confused with Rosa arvensis , which is often also referred to as the field rose.

description

Five-fold flower with many yellow stamens

The field rose is a loose-growing, long-branched shrub that reaches heights of over 2 meters. The similar, hooky, curved spines are mostly individually under the leaf axils. The leaves are usually seven-pinnate. The dark green, shiny leaflets are wedge-shaped, narrowed to obovate, sharply toothed, composed of glands and covered with loose, black glands on the underside and on the leaf hachis . In early summer, when rubbed, the leaves give off an apple scent.

The flowers are usually solitary, less often in twos or threes, then in loose inflorescences . The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are pinnate, bent back after flowering and soon sloping. The five free, pale pink to almost whitish petals are very broad, obovate and slightly deeply indented heart-shaped at the front. The stylus head is elongated, glabrous, the stylus canal narrow and less than 1 millimeter in diameter.

The fruit is spherical to ovoid, smooth and scarlet when ripe.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 35 or 42.

Occurrence

The field rose is a sub-Mediterranean-subatlantic floral element . Their distribution area extends from the Mediterranean countries with the Atlas countries to the south of the British Isles , southern Central Europe and the Alps . The main distribution area of ​​the field rose is in southern and western Europe . In Central Europe it can only survive in locations with a mild winter climate. Some Central European locations may have been created through human influence, so not actually originally. In Central Europe it occurs only very sporadically in the lowlands (for example between Kiel and Lübeck ), otherwise it is very rare in Central Europe and is absent in larger areas. It is rare in Austria and Switzerland .

In the Limestone Alps, it barely exceeds altitudes of over 1200 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises at the southern foot of the Grünten to an altitude of 1100 meters. The field rose colonizes forest edges, light deciduous forests and also goes into riparian forests in Central Europe . The field rose needs deep, loose, somewhat humus - and calcareous, not too dry loam or clay soils . It is a character species of the Prunetalia order, but also occurs in societies of the Fagetalia order and the Alnion association, but in Central Europe - contrary to the name Acker-Rose - not on fields.

Systematics

Rosa agrestis was first published by Gaetano Savi . The specific epithet agrestis means “growing on fields” . Rosa sepium Thuill is a synonym for Rosa agrestis Savi .

Rosa agrestis belongs to the section dog roses ( Caninae ) from the genus roses ( Rosa ).

literature

  • Otto Schmeil, Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 3: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Droseraceae to Fabaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3314-8 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe , Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd revised edition 1994, 2000, Volume 2, ISBN 3-440-08048-X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 568.
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , pp. 58-59.

Web links

Commons : Acker-Rose ( Rosa agrestis )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files