Schleissheim Canal
The Schleissheim Canal (in the first section also called Dirnismaninger Canal and in Oberschleißheim also called Isar-Garching Canal ), as part of the northern Munich canal system, carries water from the Isar to the Schleissheim Palace complex .
history
The canal was built in 1689 by Enrico Zuccalli , the court architect of Elector Maximilian II. Emanuel ( Max Emanuel for short ) to supply Lustheim Castle , but especially the planned New Castle and the court garden, with water. It also served to bring the large quantities of building materials for the construction of the New Palace .
Historical course
The Schleissheim Canal began in Munich in the English Garden immediately south of the Aumeister , where water from the Schwabinger Bach , a tributary of the Isar, was fed into the new canal. Also at the Aumeister, the Mühlbach split off from the Schwabinger Bach, flowed essentially parallel to the Schleissheim Canal through the Isar floodplains to the Garchinger Mühle further north and from there after a total of 9 km back into the Isar. The Schwabinger Bach already flowed into the Isar at Fröttmaning.
The route, which is made up of three absolutely straight stretches, is considerably longer than the straight line distance of only 7.7 km, but possibly led to less excavation than a direct route. In addition, it should be taken into account that only the maps, which were around 125 years old at that time, were derived from the large map of Bavaria drawn up by Philipp Apian in 1563, but which did not contain any exact terrain or contour lines. It is noteworthy that the first straight as far as Dirnismaning runs exactly towards the Freisinger Domberg , while the second straight runs away from the tower of the parish church of St. Johann Baptist in Ismaning on the opposite bank of the Isar. This second straight continues until it meets the third section, which was brought up from Lustheim Castle and runs as a visual axis from Lustheim Castle to the tower of St. Katharina in Garching near Munich , in the terrain that was then free of contours and markings . At the bend between the first and second straight line was Garching Harbor , a loading point where building materials delivered by barrows were loaded onto barges.
Today's course
Today the Schwabinger Bach flows straight ahead at the Aumeister into the bed of the Schleißheim Canal and is called Mühlbach , while a small part of the water runs over an overflow weir into the bed of the former Schwabinger Bach. Compared to the original route of the Schleissheim Canal, the regulated Mühlbach uses a route that has been shifted slightly to the east to the northern end of the former Floriansmühle family pool and then runs in its own, slightly twisted bed to the discharge regulation point across from the Großlappen sewage treatment plant . At this canal discharge and transfer structure at the emergency outlet , water is channeled from the Mühlbach into the original Schleissheim canal in a concrete channel; here the Garching Mühlbach begins . Apart from the passage under Autobahn 99 , the canal now follows its old bed. Today's Schleissheim Canal thus begins at this structure about 2.7 km north of its original beginning.
The Schleissheim Canal initially runs around 3.5 km to the north-northeast to the Dirnismaning area, where it turns almost at a right angle to the west-northwest, and then after 3.7 km to the west to the palace complex, which is 1.8 km away, and on this last stretch to form the eastern line of sight of Lustheim Palace. The total of around 12 km long canal loses about 14 m height on this route, which corresponds to a gradient of about 1: 900 and gives the canal a flow speed of less than 2 km / h. While the Mühlbach at Aumeister is still just below ground level, the constant gradient means that after about three kilometers the canal is led between dams and in the corner near Dirnismaning is a good two meters above ground. Only further to the west does the ground rise so far that the canal runs in a ditch again to finally arrive at Lustheim Castle just below the lawn.
There it divides into the ring canal, which flows circularly around Lustheim Palace and then in the central axis of the palace to the cascade, as well as the northern and southern palace canals, which flow past the palace gardens. The Berglbach, which flows into the Moosach , is fed from the northern castle canal . The southern castle canal turns north at the western end of the old castle, runs through the Wilhelmshof and reunites with the northern castle canal to the north of the old castle. The short, north-trending section of the canal is alsoMühlbach called, here the Würm Canal joins the Schleissheim Canal. From the junction of the two castle canals, the canal runs west towards Dachau. This section of the canal is therefore called the Dachau-Schleissheim Canal .
Miscellaneous
In the middle section of the canal, the canal passes under the A9 motorway. At this point the line of sight was preserved by interrupting the noise protection wall with a glass wall.
At the point where the Ingolstädter Landstrasse or today's B 13 crosses the canal, or where the canal meets the central axis of the palace complex, a high-arched bridge was built over the new canal, from which the name of the later place is derived Hochbrück derives.
The RadlRing Munich runs along the Schleissheim Canal between Garching Harbor and the Schleissheim Palace complex.
The Schleissheim Canal is a third order body of water . It is protected as a monument up to the north end of the Floriansmühle baths and from Großlappen .
Since the Nymphenburg-Biederstein Canal flows into the Schwabinger Bach above the branch of the Schleissheim Canal, the Schleissheim Canal also carries water from the Würm back towards Würm.
See also
literature
- Georg Paula , Timm Weski: District of Munich (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.17 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1997, ISBN 3-87490-576-4 , p. 2-3 .
- The official justification for the development plan No. 124 of the city of Garching contains a description of the canal.
Web links
- Schleißheim Court Garden, The Canal System
- Historical map with Schleissheim Canal in: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( information )
- Dachauer Moos eV association
- LRA Munich: Building on the water
- Information board Hohe Brücke ( Memento from August 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 11 ′ 6.4 " N , 11 ° 37 ′ 4.1" E