Hainsbach Castle

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Hainsbach Castle (Einsbach) after an engraving by Michael Wening from 1721

The lost Hainsbach Castle was located in the district of the same name in the town of Geiselhöring in the Lower Bavarian district of Straubing-Bogen in Bavaria .

history

Hainsbach was a fiefdom of the Sankt Emmeram monastery . The first documented mention of Hainsbach comes from the year 1031 in a rotulus from Sankt Emmeram. A Heinrich von Hainsbach is reported around 1200; this was a grandson of the Sankt Emmeramer Ministerial Otto von Aiterhofen. A castle in Hainlenspach is first documented in the 13th century in the fief book of the Sankt Emmeram monastery; Wolfgang von Schierling is the first known fiefdom holder of Hainsbach Castle. Here, too, the Wittelsbachers tried to expand their rule, which they also succeeded in between 1229 and 1237 by acquiring the bailiwick over the place, as can be seen from the first duke surbar of 1235. A donation from Ulrich von Abensberg as compensation for the damage he did to the monastery is documented here in 1268; probably at that time the monastery already had a court mark , because the monastery had the castle, the pertinence and the court in the place. 1263–1312 a Mengkofer sits on the feodum (= fiefdom) Hainsbach . On November 16, 1333 the abbess Ofney (Elisabeth II. Von Eschen) of Niedermünster Abbey gave Berthold von Hainsbach a forest near Gingkofen. 1334 is a Konrad of Mengkofer on Hainsbach. In the same year the abbot Adalbert II von Schmidmühlen enfeoffed Heinrich Hauzendorfer with the Hainsbach fortress; he had probably married a sister of Konrad Mengkofer. In 1365 a Schwichart Raschel von Hainsbach appears as a witness. After Heinrich Hauzendorfer, Albert Althaimer and Konrad der Altdorfer bought the feudal right to the Veste Hainsbach. These were followed in 1337 by Albrecht Althaimer and Friedrich der Achdorfer, then their sons Hans der Althaimer and Ulrich der Achdorfer. On May 14, 1372 Ulrich the Achdorfer sold the seat in Hainsbach to Balduinus Geroldi, Notarius Provinciales inferioris Bauariae. In 1382 Konrad the Köllnbeck parish lord of Hainsbach. The ducal caretaker in Lower Bavaria Hanns Landgrave von Hals then withdrew the seat of Hainsbach from Baldwin Gerold, as the latter did not pay his debts to the duke. The seat is sold to Karl den Rainer zu Rain on July 26, 1385 . It was not until 1396 that Abbot Friedrich II von Weidenberg enfeoffed him with the castle, court and pertinence of Hainsbach and Haindling. The Hofmark was then awarded to the knight Georgen Hutter zu Zulling in 1402. He had acquired the possessions of Peter the Rainer and his mother Elisabeth on October 30, 1401. Until 1466, the Hutter remained as Landsassens on Hanisbach . In 1402 Georg the Hutter is a nurse in the Kirchberg nursing court ; Georg the Hutter jun. (1422–1466) sealed Peter Schmied's letter in Hainsbach in 1422. He left behind an only underage daughter named Magdalena.

In 1467, Jörg Aheim zu Hagenau and Ulrich Zehner, as guardians of the Hutter property in Hainsbach, sell it to Adam Kastner zu Mötzing, caretaker at Donaustauf . In 1464, however, a Hermsdorfer is listed in the Kirchberg tax book as the owner of the Hofmark. The Kastner are attested here until 1565: Adam Kastner (1467, 1471, 1494), Sigmund Castner (1504, 1511), Collmann and Gabriel Kastner zu Hainsbach and Haindling (1514), Sigmund Castner (1524–1533), Gabriel Castner zu Hainsbach (1539), Gabriel Kastner (1549–1558). On August 17, 1565, Gabriel Kastner von Hainbach, Haindling and Nutting, the last of this family in Hainsbach, died. In 1566 a Hans Dietrich Kolb zu Hainsbach appears, a nephew of Gabriel Kastner. He left († July 5, 1565) an underage son named Hieronymus. This triggers a dispute between the Sankt Emmeram monastery and the Bavarian government. Three days after Kastner's death, the abbot of Sankt Emmeram, Blasius Baumgartner, occupied Hainsbach with his chancellor and nine horsemen. Against the objection of the monastery, Georg Ettlinger, the second husband of the last Kastner widow, was appointed as pledge holder of the court brands Hainsbach and Haindling on October 24, 1566 by government resolution. After years of dispute, the guardians of Hieronymus Kolb had to sell the entire property to the Sankt Emmeram monastery on March 8, 1575. With a substantial payment, the monastery was able to eliminate the risk of secular aristocratic residence in the village. With the appointment of a provost, the Hofmark was converted into a provost's office.

The Hainsbach Castle was rebuilt in 1609 at the instigation of Abbot Hieronymus II. The abbot's coat of arms was placed above the entrance to the castle. The castle also had a castle economy with a house and other buildings. During the Thirty Years War , Duke Maximilian's army moved into the surrounding villages. The castle had to accommodate a captain, an ensign and some nobles for nine weeks. Since Regensburg was threatened by Sweden, the Sankt Emmeram church treasure was brought to Hainsbach. The castle was plundered by the Swedes when the Swedes first invaded the Kleine Labertal in May 1632, the farmers were robbed and many farms were burned down. Around 1650 around a quarter of the Hainsbacher farms and properties were still empty and ruined. During the War of the Spanish Succession , the area up to Geiselhöring, Sallach and probably also Hainsbach was occupied by the Austrians. On October 24, 1704, the castle was attacked by free party goers (= looters), presumably to take the provost judge Johann Michael Niederhuber hostage. The only way to save himself was to jump out of the window into the castle pond. In gratitude for his escape, he had the incident recorded on a votive plaque that he donated to the Haindling pilgrimage church. The Hainsbach Castle, newly built in 1609, is shown in color on this votive panel. In 1783 Abbot Frobenius had a brick grain box built in the castle area. A barn was added to the west of the grain box, which reached the street. At that time, the castle courtyard was surrounded by a 0.8 meter thick wall.

Until the secularization of 1802, Hainsbach remained in the possession of the Sankt Emmeram monastery , which also exercised court justice here. In December 1802, Hainsbach comes to the Archchancellor and Archbishop Karl Theodor von Dalberg . From 1808 the municipality of Hainsbach was created as the lowest administrative authority with a municipality leader at the top. In 1810 the Dalberg property fell to the state. In 1814 Maximilian Joseph Graf von Montgelas bought the Hainsbach palace complex, including the economy. In the same year the Hainsbacher Schloss was demolished and all the stones were sold. In 1835, Prince von Thurn und Taxis acquired the Hainsbach estate from Count Montgelas. Other owners of Hainsbach were Prince Maximilian von Thurn und Taxis in 1872 and his brother Albert Maria Lamoral in 1887.

Appearance

On the votive picture by Johann Michael Niederhuber from 1704 to commemorate the Hainsbacher jump , the castle appears as a two-story building with two round corner towers covered with domes. After the engraving by Michael Wening , only two low turrets can be seen. Several dormers are built into the hipped roof . The castle is surrounded by a moat that is spanned by a simple wooden bridge and leads to a high portal; The parish church of Hainsbach can be seen immediately next to it. Nothing is left of the castle.

literature

  • Günther Pölsterl: Mallersdorf. The Kirchberg regional court, the Eggmühl and Abbach nursing courts. (= Historischer Atlas von Bayern, Teil Altbayern Heft 53), Commission for Bavarian History, Verlag Michael Lassleben, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-7696-9923-8 , pp. 184-190.

Web links

Coordinates: 48 ° 49 '20.4 "  N , 12 ° 25' 5.5"  E