Puchhof Castle

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Puchhof Palace today

The Puchhof Castle (sometimes Old Castle Puchhof called) is located in the town district of the Lower Bavarian community Aholfing in the district of Straubing-Bogen (Puchhof 67).

history

Puchhof had been owned by the monastery checking in since the 12th century . Back then, on July 9th, 1140, the burgrave Otto von Regensburg exchanged with the abbot Erbo Puchhof for an estate and a mill in Mangolding . The handover document shows that the Burgrave's family had owned Puchhof for three generations and received it as a fief of the Babenbergs . The bailiffs were held by the Lords of Bogen . After the death of Albert IV von Bogen († 1242), Puchhof came to the Wittelsbach family . Karolus de Straubing , son of the Vitztum Otto von Straubing, received his curia in Rain , the castrum there and the bailiwick rights to the curia Puche (= Puchhof) from Heinricus dux Bavariae in 1282 . This family, called de Straubing, was called Rainer von Rain . After the Ottonian Handfests were decreed in 1311, the Prening Monastery acquired lower jurisdiction and Puchhof became a court marque .

1328 sold Albrecht of Rain and his housewife Elspet their Duke fief of the Bailiwick, judicial and tax rights Puchhof to Cunrat the Nothaft . In 1448 Puchhof was "donated" as a personal asset to the rent master of Lower Bavaria, Friedrich Vinnder, his wife and their son. Puchhof was also devastated during the Thirty Years' War . The Prüfingen abbot Placidus Bacheder commissioned the monk and later abbot Romanus Schneidt to rebuild Puchhof. The first reconstruction was a wooden building. He was succeeded at Puchhof by the monk Bernhard Degl, who was later also elected Abbot ofChecking. The estate recovered economically and in 1798 Puchhof was rebuilt as a stone building. As a member of the landscape , the abbot also had the right to brew and serve beer on his estates. This led to legal disputes with the owner of Rain Castle , Count Josef von Leiblfing, around 1710. These lasted for almost a hundred years and were only partially resolved; the licensing rights remained untouched, but Rainer subjects could be punished if they drank their beer here. In 1695 a contract was signed between the Regensburg monastery and the monastery checking in, in which it was agreed that the Niedermotzinger servant should be used for official acts.

Puchhof stayed with the convent until it was secularized . After 1803 the Hofmark Puchhof was subordinated to the Straubing Regional Court . Thereafter, after several attempts to sell the Puchhof, Baron Neubäck acquired it; This contradicts the fact that the Puchhof was managed by the government itself and only tenants were used. The Royal Court of Appeal Director Ritter von Reindl is listed as the leaseholder of the Puchhof in 1822, and he later acquired it. In 1839 the Regensburg wine wholesaler Friedrich Fikentscher bought the Puchhof and other properties that had previously belonged to it. The following period was one of the economic upswing, modern equipment was used in agriculture, a dairy with a cheese factory and a sugar factory (1844 at the latest) were built.

In 1870 the Puchhof was sold to Carl Lang. This was a friend of Ludwig III. , Member of the Chamber of Imperial Councilors of the Crown of Bavaria and was ennobled with the title of Lang-Puchhof . He set up a Fideikommiss on the Puchhof . In order to be able to use the agricultural land better, he had irrigation and drainage systems built from 1880–1886. At the same time, an engine duct was laid out for an electrical plant and a distillery was built at Puchhof; The construction of the New Puchhof Palace and the grounds of the palace gardens can also be traced back to him.

In 1937 Fritz Thyssen acquired the entire Puchhof Palace. As early as October 1937, the couple's only daughter, Count Anita Zichy-Thyssen , moved to Puchhof with her husband Gabor Ödon Count Zichy zu Zich and Vásonykeö and their son Fritz August. The west wing of the castle was redesigned according to their wishes.

Fritz Thyssen and his wife, Mrs. Amélie Thyssen , née zur Helle, were also keen to run the Puchhof as a model farm. The distillery was redesigned in 1937–1939. All of this came to an abrupt end, because Fritz Thyssen had to leave Germany in 1939 because of National Socialism , but was captured with his wife in France and had to spend his time in various concentration camps until the end of the war . In 1939 the state of Prussia took possession of the Puchhof and sold it to Philipp F. Reemtsma on April 1, 1940 .

After the collapse of the NS, the Puchhof was leased to Hugo Nickel by the Americans. On October 15, 1949, the devastated castle property could be returned to Fritz Thyssen. The castle itself remained in the hands of the American occupying forces until July 1, 1952 . Fritz Thyssen had meanwhile died in exile in Buenos Aires . However, his wife Amélie made the decision to return to Puchhof and rebuild agriculture, which she succeeded (expansion of the agricultural buildings, the electrical works and the workers' accommodation, including an old people's home built in 1955/56). In August 1960 she was awarded the Great Cross of Merit with Star and Shoulder Ribbon of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic by Konrad Adenauer at Puchhof Palace . She died at Puchhof Castle on August 25, 1965.

After the death of Amélie Thyssen, the property passed to her daughter, Anita Countess Zichy-Thyssen. This was not interested in agriculture and in 1966 put the company up for sale.

In June 1966, Guido Ritter und Edler von Maffei acquired Gut and Schloss Puchhof. The Marchese di Maffei family originally comes from Verona , but has been based in Bavaria since the 19th century. Liselotte Edle von Maffei moved her distillery from Gut Freiham to Puchhof in 1996, which temporarily became the second largest distillery in Bavaria. Guido von Maffei died on June 19, 1999 at the age of 94 and was buried in the Puchhof chapel. His wife Liselotte von Maffei continues the business and the castle is used as an estate.

In the area of ​​Puchhof Castle, underground medieval and early modern findings were secured.

Puchhof Castle then and now

The three-storey Puchhof Palace was built after 1768 as a four-wing complex with a wall facing the street. The new building was carried out under Abbot Petrus Gerl, the architect and builder was Father Andreas Schleinkofer.

The long sash protrudes laterally by two window axes each over the side sash. On the gable sides of the side wings there are apsidal porches that run through all floors. Above are polygonal three-story turrets with tent roofs . In front of these lies a low, curved wall that connects the two tower wings. A round arch leads from this forecourt into the actual courtyard. Above the portal is the coat of arms of Abbot Petrus Gerl.

Castle chapel of Puchhof

The Romanesque castle chapel from the end of the 12th century is still located in the basement of the south wing . Presumably for reasons of symmetry, the second wing of the palace was designed in the same way as the chapel wing in the new building in 1768. The floor plan of the chapel is rectangular (12.4 × 6 m), the church can accommodate 80 people. The windows were baroque in 1768 . The five window axes are emphasized by pilasters . The mirror ceiling of the chapel comes from Otto Gebhard , an Asam student and represents the patron saint of the monastery.

The castle chapel was originally dedicated to Saint Quirinus von Tegernsee . In the legend of the life of this saint, Hugo Metellus even describes three miracles performed by the saint in Puchhof, in which people who committed sacrilege against this church were severely punished. The first Quirinus chapel on the Puchhof was made of wood and was burned down in an alleged violation of the church's right to asylum. Checking Monastery built a Romanesque stone church on the site. The building has been preserved in its original form to this day, but its interior has been changed several times. The first change took place around 1450, the new altar was made in Gothic style. On September 27, 1450, the chapel was dedicated to St. Otto von Bamberg . In the new Puchhof building, three altars were erected in the chapel, the main altar was dedicated to St. Otto and the two side altars to St. Peter (the patron saint of the builder) and St. Benedict (the founder of the order).

The chapel was profaned in 1842 and then served as a storage room for agricultural equipment. The altars were removed, two statues are said to have been erected in the church of Obermotzing, nothing is known about the fate of the side altars. Carl von Lang succeeded in preventing the chapel bells from having to be delivered during the First World War . Under Fritz Thyssen, the chapel was completely restored in 1938/39. Due to the political circumstances, it could only be re-consecrated on May 25, 1946 by the Regensburg Bishop Michael Buchberger . The chapel was last renovated in 2005 and today services are still held on Saturday evenings.

Puchhof Palace Park

The castle park was built by Carl von Lang-Puchhof. Originally it covered 50 hectares and was planted with domestic and foreign trees and shrubs. An artificial lake was created by widening the Laber . For Carl von Lang, who was run over by a tram in Munich on April 7, 1916, his wife had a crypt built in the park as a burial place. The body was not transferred there until 1923. However, the crypt was often under water, so that the coffin was also affected. In 1966 the coffin was transferred to the Steinach cemetery. The crypt in the castle park was then razed.

literature

  • Josef Buchner; Gustl Buchner: Aholfing. History of a Danube community with the districts of Niedermotzing, Obermotzing and Puchhof. Volume I: Aholfing and Puchhof. Attenkofer'sche book and art print, Straubing 2005.
  • Wolfgang Freundorfer: Straubing. District court, Rentkastenamt and city. (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Altbayern issue 32). Commission for Bavarian History. Verlag Michael Lassleben, Munich 1974, ISBN 3-7696-9879-7 , p. 276 and a. m.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Amélie Thyssen
  2. ^ Aholfing list of monuments
  3. ↑ Quirinalia

Web links

Coordinates: 48 ° 55 ′ 36.1 ″  N , 12 ° 27 ′ 21.3 ″  E