Rammelburg Castle
| Rammelburg | ||
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 Aerial view from the north |
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| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Essential parts preserved, conversion to a castle | |
| Standing position : | Adelsburg | |
| Place: | Rammelburg | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 35 '52.4 " N , 11 ° 19' 54.5" E | |
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The Rammelburg Castle (also Rammelburg Castle ) is located in Rammelburg, named after this place, in the city of Mansfeld in Saxony-Anhalt . It was created through a castle-like reconstruction or an extension of a pre-existing medieval castle . The complex is designated as a cultural monument under the designation "Castle" and the description "Schloss Rammelburg" in the list of monuments of the state of Saxony-Anhalt .
history
The Rammelburg should be 992 by King Otto III. initially as a small fortress fortified with palisades . This first castle was probably only designed as a defensive castle to accommodate a crew. In 1077 the Rammelburg belonged to Count Adalbert II von Ballenstedt . Between 1145 and 1184 the castle was owned by Baron von Biesenrode, a branch of the von Arnstein family . Around 1190, after the von Biesenrode family died out, the Rammelburg came to the von Arnstein family. In the course of time it was expanded and expanded in stone.
In the early 13th century, the Rammelburg is said to have been sold by Count Albert von Arnstein to the Archbishop of Magdeburg . The castrum Rammeneborch was mentioned in writing in a document from Archbishop Rudolfs dated December 9, 1259 . It then went to Walter von Arnstein as a fief . His son of the same name handed over the castles Arnstein and Rammelburg to Count Otto von Falkenstein, who was related by marriage .
In 1334 the castles of Arnstein and Rammelburg fell to the Counts of Regenstein through marriage and the extinction of the male Falkensteins, and between 1420 and 1430 Rammelburg changed to the Counts of Mansfeld as a fief . After the death of Count Volrad II von Mansfeld in 1499 and the subsequent great division of the Mansfeld estate, the castle went to Count Albrecht IV von Mansfeld in 1501 . He built the castle like a castle into a residence. Before that, the Rammelburg was primarily used as a hunting seat. In 1554 the castle was occupied for a short time by Heinrich von Braunschweig. After an inheritance, the Rammelburg was pledged to Giso von Bortfeld for three years by David von Mansfeld in 1564 due to a high debt burden . Subsequently, an archbishop appointed administrator was appointed in 1571 to earn money with the Rammelburg office , which was supposed to cover the debts. After this failed, von Bortfeld was appointed as the main creditor (the new administrator of the office until 1602). In 1575, at the instigation of David von Mansfeld, a palace chapel was built in the Rammelburg. After the Rammelburg had meanwhile moved from the Archbishopric of Magdeburg to Kursachsen , the new feudal lord initiated the sale, which the insolvent David von Mansfeld could not refuse. In 1602, Count David von Mansfeld sold Rammelburg to Caspar von Berlepsch, a grandson of Hans von Berlepsch . As early as 1624, the palace or castle was sold on to von Berlepsch's brother-in-law Adrian Arndt von Stammer. In 1720 it was sold to Christian August von Friesen .
In the course of the upheavals in the early 19th century, the office of Rammelburg changed to the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1808 and to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815 . In 1829 Ernst von Friesen had the existing castle chapel renewed. On October 4, 1894, there was a major fire in the castle, which also killed people and destroyed the west facade down to the foundation walls . From 1903 to 1904 the palace was rebuilt in the neo-renaissance style by the new owner Kurt von Heimburg . In 1937 Rammelburg was sold to the Prince of Thurn and Taxis . From 1941 to 1945 the palace was used as a recovery home for Nazi war victims' care for war-damaged front -line soldiers and survivors of the war.
In the course of the land reform after the end of World War II in 1945, the von Thurn und Taxis family was expropriated by the Soviet Union. The castle was temporarily used as a home for resettlers and then as a granary . From 1947 to 1949 an apprentice dormitory and a master school of the chambers of crafts of the state of Saxony-Anhalt were housed. In 1949 the Social Insurance Institution of Saxony-Anhalt took over the Rammelburg. The council of the district of Hettstedt opened a tuberculosis clinic in the castle . From 1969 to 1995, Rammelburg was used as a rehabilitation center for young people with mental and physical impairments in the Halle district , which from 1990 was called the Rammelburg Rehabilitation Clinic.
In 1995 there were initially plans to establish a hotel in the castle . However, a sale by the state was forbidden in 1996 by the Thurn und Taxis company. The family tried in court to obtain repurchase of their former property that had been expropriated by the Soviets. A restructuring ban was issued until the final judicial clarification. In 1997 the application by Thurn and Taxis was rejected. At that time, the estimated need for renovation of the castle was around 30 to 40 million German marks . From 1998 repairs were carried out by the state of Saxony-Anhalt. The roofs of the west and north-west wing as well as the south tower were covered with slate , partly removed from mold and dry rot and the parquet floors there restored. A sale by auction in 1999 did not take place due to water damage . In 2017 the ownership structure was unclear. The investment requirement was estimated at around 50 million euros.
location
The Rammelburg is located in the valley of the Wipper , which flows in a semicircular meander south around the Burgberg or Schlossberg, about nine kilometers west of the city of Mansfeld and about one kilometer south of the federal highway 242 . The hilltop castle is about 260 m above sea level. NN high ledge. The rock consists of phyllite and green slate .
investment
The Rammelburg Castle has an irregular, polygonal floor plan . The site of the castle is to cover a total of around 8,300 square meters. 2900 square meters are the living and usable areas.
In the south-west is the main building, which was built in the neo-renaissance style after a fire at the end of the 19th century . It impresses in a reddish tone and has five floors including two attic floors. The outer long side of the building faces west, that to the castle courtyard faces east. In the area of the slate-covered roof, there are three two-story dwarf houses , the volute gables of which also point to the west and east. Furthermore, can be found in the area of the roof several towing and gabled dormers . The windows are rectangular lattice windows bordered with red flaps .
To the south is the former keep , which was built from rock . Rectangular windows bordered with red bottles were incorporated into these and a floor made of half-timbering was added . This floor has a registered INDOOR black slate conical roof . Furthermore, to the south, there is an adjoining wing of the building, which is made of gray rock in its foundation walls and is also raised by a half-timbered storey. This is where the former castle chapel is located. The mansard roof is covered with tiles. It is structured with dormers, a dwelling facing the inner courtyard and two tower-like extensions.
A wing adjoins it to the southeast, which has arched windows extending over two floors . The orangery of the castle is said to have been located in this part of the building . To the east is a second former defense tower of the castle. This is also raised by a half-timbered floor. A lantern was placed on the roof . The north-eastern wing of the building is made of gray plastered brickwork and has three floors without a roof. To the northwest are two wings of the building and two towers with spiral staircases . These towers have hoods , the western one with a lantern attached.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Short question and answer Olaf Meister (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Prof. Dr. Claudia Dalbert (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Ministry of Culture March 19, 2015 Printed matter 6/3905 (KA 6/8670) List of monuments Saxony-Anhalt . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 10th - 12th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 13th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 14th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 15th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 16th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 17th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 18th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 19th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ 20th century . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ Daniela Kainz: Problem child Rammelburg Castle is often haunted by burglars and rioters - Source: https://www.mz-web.de/26955126 © 2017 . Published in Mitteldeutsche Zeitung on May 23, 2017 . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ location . Accessed December 3, 2017.
- ↑ Castle complex . Accessed December 3, 2017.