Wildenroth Castle

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South view of Wildenroth Castle
The southwest tower of the castle
Southwest view of Wildenroth Castle with the octagonal corner tower

The Wildenroth Castle is a small medieval castle in the Upper Franconian city of Burgkunstadt . It stands at the northern end of the Wildenroth district and is privately owned. The castle stands in the midst of numerous wild trees. As a protected architectural monument , the castle is managed by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation under monument number D-4-78-116-138 . Due to archaeological findings in the area of ​​the castle, which are related to the medieval core of the building, the complex as a whole is also a ground monument with the number D-4-5833-0168 .

history

The castle goes back to a late medieval fortification , which was built by Gringus von Kunstadt in 1249. Wildenroth Castle, at that time still as a castle and the associated village , was mentioned for the first time on April 8, 1436 in a fiefdom from Heinz von Redwitz to Margrave Friedrich I of Brandenburg-Bayreuth . He acquired the estate and its accessories a little later and handed it over to Wolfram von Redwitz on February 20, 1437 as a fiefdom. On June 8th, Wolfram's brothers, the canons Wilhelm and Konrad von Redwitz joined as further feudal men. On August 5, 1441, this fief commission was renewed in a document.

From February 16, 1468 at the latest, Mertheim von Redwitz received a considerable portion of the estate as a fief. Under his leadership, the former castle was largely replaced by a new building in 1470. In a document dated June 7, 1487, he is named as Wildenroth's sole feudal man. His last enfeoffment took place on August 17, 1502. His successor as the Brandenburg-Bayreuth fiefdom on Wildenroth was Alexander von Redwitz on May 21, 1509. At the time of the Peasants' War he was bailiff at Vilseck near Amberg and was captured by the local farmers. When he found out that the people of Burgkunstadter wanted to burn down his castle, he sent a letter to Bayreuth Captain Hans von Laineck for help, citing the protection he was entitled to as a fief.

Despite a peace pact concluded on May 21, 1525 by the farmers' leaders in Bamberg with the margrave and his feudal men and a warning by Hans von Laineck that he would not attack Wildenroth Castle, it was stormed and burned down on May 23. The damage to the building was estimated at 3300 guilders . Alexander von Redwitz received compensation of 310 guilders, 7 pounds and 7½ pfennigs for stolen and destroyed goods and furniture. In the same year the bailiff's son, Fritz von Redwitz and his wife Katharina von Guttenberg began the reconstruction, which lasted until 1536. On January 20, 1529 Berthold von Redwitz received the Wildenroth estate as a fief for the underage sons of his brother Alexander, Merthein Wolf and Jorg Christoph. On September 30, 1535, Merthein Wolf, who had meanwhile come of age, took over the fiefdom. Four years later, on January 22nd, 1539, Jorg Christoph became liege lord of Wildenroth alongside his older brother. For the years 1544 and 1558 he was named as the sole fief owner.

In the Thirty Years' War by fire drawn (1656) affected, it was rebuilt in the 18th century by the cultivation of the polygonal corner tower supplemented with skylight in the southwest. The eastern extension is dated to the first half of the 19th century.

In 1807 Wildenroth Castle became the ancestral seat of a line of the von Redwitz family who had previously lived in the fortress Oberndorf near Oberndorf . In the first half of the 19th century, the castle was expanded and rebuilt under the rule of the von Redwitz family. In 1877 the von Redwitz sold the castle property to the non-noble estate manager Ernst Redwitz from Obersiemau . The current owner bought it in the late 1970s. It is currently used privately.

description

The core of today's facility on a property of around 1.5 hectares is the three-story main building with an octagonal corner tower, the half-timbered upper floor of which was added in the 18th century. The eastern part of the building projects and is followed by the one-story extension from the first half of the 19th century. Above the simply designed main portal in the south there is a relief with the coat of arms of those of Redwitz and the year 1370, which was originally in an older part of the building.

In the south sloping down by two walls and trees, there is still a former sheep farm with listed stables.

literature

  • Ruth Bach-Damaskinos, Peter Borowitz: Palaces and castles in Upper Franconia - A complete representation of all palaces, manors, castles and ruins in the Upper Franconian independent cities and districts. Verlag A. Hofmann, Nuremberg 1996, ISBN 3-87191-212-3 , p. 188.
  • Helmut Demattio: Kronach: the Altlandkreis . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Series 1, Issue 32, Commission for Bavarian State History, 1998, p. 323 ff. ( Restricted preview in Google book search)
  • Johann Baptist Müller: The town of Burgkunstadt in the Peasants' War of 1525 . In: CHW - Jahrbuch Geschichte am Obermain, Volume 19 , CHW Selbstverlag, Lichtenfels 1993/94, p. 37 f.
  • Hellmut Kunstmann : The ring of castles around Wernstein in the Obermaing area . Commission publisher Degener & Co, Neustadt an der Aisch 1978, ISBN 3-7686-4083-3 , pp. 34–41. ( Limited preview in Google Book Search)
  • Fritz Mahnke: Palaces and castles in the vicinity of the Franconian Crown . 2nd volume. Druck- und Verlagsanstalt Neue Presse GmbH, Coburg 1978, pp. 169–171.
  • Johann Baptist Roppel: Historical-topographical description of the imperial bishopric and principality of Bamberg: In addition to a new original geographical map of this country in 4 sheets. Northern part, volume 1. Verlag Schneider and Weigel, Nuremberg 1801, pp. 255-256.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Wildenroth  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Schloss, Wildenroth 1 , geodaten.bayern.de, accessed on December 8, 2012
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Bach-Damaskinos (1996), p. 188
  3. ↑ Roppel (1801), pp. 255f.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Kunstmann (1978), p. 34
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Müller (1993), p. 37 f.
  6. ↑ a b c Entry on Wildenroth Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen"., Accessed on September 12, 2015
  7. ^ Sales exposure of Wildenroth Castle by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation ; accessed on August 19, 2019
  8. ↑ websites White Brunner history , weissenbrunn.de, accessed 29 December 2011
  9. ↑ Die Reichsfreiherren von Redwitz ( Memento from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), musketiere-zu-kueps.de, accessed on December 29, 2011

Coordinates: 50 ° 8 ′ 59.6 ″  N , 11 ° 19 ′ 43 ″  E