Burgstall Kleinziegenfeld

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Burgstall Kleinziegenfeld
View of the former location of the castle - the two overgrown rocks were part of walls or buildings

View of the former location of the castle - the two overgrown rocks were part of walls or buildings

Creation time : around 1100
Castle type : Höhenburg, rocky location
Conservation status: Castle stables, ditches, walls and small remains of the foundation wall have been preserved
Standing position : Gentry
Construction: stone
Place: Small goat field
Geographical location 50 ° 1 '13.2 "  N , 11 ° 12' 11.2"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 1 '13.2 "  N , 11 ° 12' 11.2"  E
Height: 435  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Kleinziegenfeld (Bavaria)
Burgstall Kleinziegenfeld

The Burgstall Kleinziegenfeld is the remainder of a medieval rock castle 435  m above sea level. NN owned by the Bishopric of Bamberg in Weismainer district Kleinziegenfeld in Upper Franconia .

The Burgstall is located on a wooded steep slope about 100 meters north of the Kleinziegenfeld Castle and could at least have been built with it for a while. In the absence of documentary records, it can no longer be determined whether there were once three castles or a three-part castle complex in Kleinziegenfeld. The remains of the episcopal castle are a ground monument and are kept by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation under the number D-4-5933-0169 .

history

The family of those von Ziegenfeld

A first reference to the noble family of the von Ziegenfeld is in an undated document from the Michelsberg monastery , from around 1225, in which a "Fridericus de Cigenuelt" (Friedrich von Ziegenfeld) or "Gotfridus de Zigenvelt" (Gottfried von Ziegenfeld) is mentioned becomes. Soon afterwards the names "Gottfried" and "Eberhard von Ziegenfeld" appeared in documents; all three were demonstrably servants of the noble free von Arnstein. After "Hans Ziegenfelder" was mentioned for the last time in 1395, the family probably died out again. None of the Lords of Ziegenfeld could find a reference in the documents to which castle they were based.

Lost castle 1 - Bamberger property

The picture is identical to the one above - The red semicircle indicates a circular elevation in the ground that is clearly recognizable on site. Presumably it is the overgrown remains of the foundation of a tower, possibly the keep. The rock behind the semicircle was probably part of this tower.

In 1316 the Bamberg Monastery built a castle in Kleinziegenfeld. The bishops gave them as a fief to the nobles of Trimberg . Konrad von Trimberg passed it on to Friedrich and Konrad von Modschiedel as an after loan . In 1337 the castle came into the possession of Albrecht von Pünzendorf, who had acquired it through marriage to Elsbeth (Gispet) von Motschiedel, daughter of Konrad von Modschiedel. With the death of Arrois von Trimberg on November 4, 1376, the von Trimberg family died out, so that Albrecht von Pünzendorf, as sub-administrator, lost the castle again, which was returned to the Bamberg bishops. The new feudal men of the castle became the Counts of Henneberg in 1376 . Presumably as early as 1377 the sons of Albrecht von Pünzendorf, Walter, Nykel and Fritz, received the castle as a fief. On July 28, 1377, they again gave this to the Nuremberg burgrave Friedrich V as a fief. The castle was of great importance to the burgraves because it was located on the then important trade route from Stadelhofen to Weismain and in the immediate vicinity of the escort route from Bamberg to Kulmbach . Its elevated position also increased the military value compared to the lower Bamberg castle.

It is documented that the von Aufseß family owned the castle in 1396 . In 1409 Burgrave Johann III. Heinz von Giech as bailiff . Georg von Henneberg was the feudal lord of the castle until 1324, when he renounced his rights and returned them to the Bamberg bishops as overlords. In the feud between Georg I von Schaumberg , the then Bishop of Bamberg, with Konrad IX. von Aufseß in 1463 had the castle burned down and torn down so that it would not fall to the enemy. Currently, on the steep slope north of the Kleinziegenfelder Schloss, about 100 meters away, a ditch with a wall, a small wall remnant of the cellar and traces of rock work can be seen.

Lost castle 2 - Reichsgut

In addition to the aforementioned castle, there has been another castle in Kleinziegenfeld since the reign of Bamberg Bishop Heinrich I von Bilversheim (1242–1257), also owned by the Bamberg bishops. The governing feudal men were the Counts of Beichlingen . It was probably destroyed in 1406, but was loaned out pro forma until the end of the 15th century. The exact location of the castle is not known.

Lost Castle 3 - The Kleinziegenfeld Castle

The third castle was located directly east of the Kleinziegenfeld castle. It was actually the hunter's house of the former castle, built in 1571, which is the only building still preserved.

literature

  • Ruth Bach-Damaskinos, Peter Borowitz: Palaces and castles in Upper Franconia - A complete representation of all palaces, manors, castles and ruins in the Upper Franconian independent cities and districts. Verlag A. Hofmann, Nuremberg 1996, ISBN 3-87191-212-3 , p. 188
  • Pia Domagala: There used to be three castles in Kleinziegenfeld . In: From the Franconian homeland , Kulmbach 1996, pp. 3–4
  • Hellmut Kunstmann : The castles of Kleinziegenfeld . In: Report of the Historisches Verein Bamberg, Edition 100, Bamberg 1964, pp. 255–276
  • GR: Three castles in the Kleinziegenfelder valley . In: Fränkischer Tag , Bamberg, September 11, 2004, p. 14
  • Rudolf Maria Bernhard von Stillfried-Alcantara: 4th documents of the Franconian line: 1363 - 1378 in Monumenta Zollerana: document book on the history of the house of Hohenzollern , 1858, online: full text
  • Josef Urban: Small goat field . In: Heimatgeschichtliche Zeitschrift für der Landkreis Lichtenfels , Volume 10, Verlag Vom Main zum Jura, Eggolsheim 2001, pp. 24–51
  • Gustav Voit, Walter Rüfer: A castle trip through Franconian Switzerland - In the footsteps of the draftsman AF Thomas Ostertag, 2nd edition, Verlag Palm & Enke, Erlangen 1991, ISBN 3-7896-0064-4

Web links

Commons : Burgstall Kleinziegenfeld  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Underground parts of the medieval episcopal castle of Kleinziegenfeld , geodaten.bayern.de, accessed on December 30, 2012
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Voit (1991), p. 96
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m GR (2004), p. 14
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Urban (2001), pp. 30–31
  5. ↑ a b c d Bach-Damaskinos (1996), p. 188
  6. ↑ Karl Friedrich Hohn, Johann Adam Stein: Atlas of Bavaria: geographical-statistical-historical handbook for the knowledge of the state of Bavaria in its current state for all classes . Stein, Bayreuth 1840, p. 204 ( full text in Google Book Search).
  7. ↑ a b by Stillfried-Alcantara (1858), p. 395 f. CCCLXIII. The von Pünzendorf families carry their fortress Ziegenfeld zu Lehn to the burgrave Friedrich of Nuremberg. July 28, 1377. , full text online