Külmitz

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Külmitz
The Külmitz as seen from the Great Kordigast Plateau (south view)

The Külmitz as seen from the Great Kordigast Plateau (south view)

height 437.8  m above sea level NHN
location District of Lichtenfels , Upper Franconia , Bavaria , Germany
Mountains Altenkunstadt-Buchauer Albvorland ( Upper Main Hügelland / Franconian Alb )
Dominance 2.78 km →  Great Kordigast
Notch height 132.8 m ↓  Valley of the Gray Monks
Coordinates 50 ° 7 '38 "  N , 11 ° 12' 44"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 7 '38 "  N , 11 ° 12' 44"  E
Külmitz (Bavaria)
Külmitz
Type Zeugenberg
rock Iron sandstone with layers of brown and black Jurassic rock underneath
Development several dirt roads to the summit
Normal way From Altenkunstadt , Strössendorf and Pfaffendorf in about 30 minutes each.
particularities Remains of an early medieval section fortification

The Külmitz is 437.8  m above sea level. NHN high Zeugenberg in the Altenkunstadt-Buchauer Albvorland near Altenkunstadt .

Location and description

The Külmitz is a predominantly gently rising, 600 meter long mountain ridge running in an east-west direction. on the western outskirts of Altenkunstadt . In the southwest area there is a small plateau, the highest point of the mountain. The mountain rises steepest on the southwest flank there. The difference in altitude between the summit plateau and the village of Pfaffendorf at the foot is 138.2 meters after comparing the two official altitude figures. Side peaks of the Külmitz are the Steinbühl in the east with 375.3  m above sea level. NHN , the Goldberg in the north with 321  m above sea level. NHN and the Rangen in the east at 373  m above sea level. NHN .

There are several villages around the Külmitz; in the south Pfaff village , west Spiesberg , northwest Zeublitz and north Strössendorf . The dominance to the next higher mountain, the Großer Kordigast , is 2.780 kilometers, the Schartenhöhe to the valley of the gray monks near Pfaffendorf 132.8 meters.

Settlement history

The name Külmitz is of Slavic origin. On the east side of the summit there are remains of an early medieval section fortification , probably a refuge with the character of a hill fort . There are three consecutive section walls, each with a ditch between them. The wall-ditch system extends over a width of around 35 and a length of around 70 meters. The height difference between the crest of the wall and the bottom of the trench is a maximum of 1.8 meters for the outer, one meter for the middle and 1.6 meters for the inner fortifications. The entire interior of the fastening system was 220 meters long and 80 meters wide. a goal could not be made out anywhere.

Such a fortification was not necessary on the south, west and north sides of the mountain, as the Külmitz slopes steeply on these sides, or if there was an artificial fortification there, it cannot be proven. In the east, the mountain falls the flattest, so that fortification was necessary there. In the southern area, the system has recently been damaged, as well as in the north, where the ramparts were affected by sand pits . The resulting profile view of the defense system is best seen in the sand pits in the north.

photos

  • Forest path in the summit area of ​​Külmitz with a sign pointing to the Keltenwall , which can be recognized as bumps

  • Wall-ditch remnants running parallel to the summit area of ​​Külmitz

  • Wall-ditch remnants running parallel to the summit area of ​​Külmitz

  • Wall-ditch remnants running parallel to the summit area of ​​Külmitz

  • View of the former sandstone quarry in the summit area of ​​Külmitz

literature

  • Björn-Uwe Abels: Guide to archaeological monuments in Bavaria, Franconia. (= Volume 2: Archaeological Guide Upper Franconia. ) Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-8062-0373-3 , pp. 109–110.
  • Ingrid Burger-Segl: Archaeological forays in Meranierland am Obermain , District of Upper Franconia, Bayreuth 2006, ISBN 3-9804971-7-8 , pp. 119–121.
  • Josef Motschmann: Altenkunstadt - home between Kordigast and Main . Altenkunstadt community, Altenkunstadt 2006.

Web links

Commons : Külmitz  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Külmitz, Pfaffendorf and Kordigast in the Bayern Viewer ( memento of the original from May 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , geodaten.bayern.de, accessed on May 17, 2012 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.geodaten.bayern.de
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Abels (1986), pp. 109-110
  3. ↑ Motschmann 2006, p. 12
  4. ↑ a b c d e Motschmann 2006, p. 18
  5. ↑ entry to Külmitzberg in the private database "All Castles".