Seidewitz (river)
| Seidewitz | ||
_2006-05-19.jpg) Seidewitz in Liebstadt, in the background Kuckuckstein Castle |
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| Data | ||
| location | District of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains , Saxony , Germany | |
| River system | Elbe | |
| Drain over | Gottleuba → Elbe → North Sea | |
| source | southwest of Breitenau (town of Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel ) 50 ° 47 ′ 45 ″ N , 13 ° 52 ′ 38 ″ E |
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| Source height | 592 m above sea level NN | |
| muzzle | in Pirna in the Gottleuba coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 16 ″ N , 13 ° 56 ′ 15 ″ E 50 ° 57 ′ 16 ″ N , 13 ° 56 ′ 15 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | 118 m above sea level NN | |
| Height difference | 474 m | |
| Bottom slope | 19 ‰ | |
| length | 25 km | |
| Discharge at the Liebstadt 2 A Eo gauge : 24.96 km² Location: 15.3 km above the mouth |
NNQ (08/20/1971) MNQ 1966/2010 MQ 1966/2010 Mq 1966/2010 MHQ 1966/2010 HHQ (08/12/2002) |
0 l / s 20 l / s 310 l / s 12.4 l / (s km²) 3.73 m³ / s 45 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Döbraer Bach, Dürrleitenbach, Eulengrundbach | |
| Right tributaries | Börnersdorfer Bach, stretcher | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Retention basin Liebstadt | |
_2006-07.JPG)
The Seidewitz is a left tributary of the Gottleuba in Saxony . On its approximately 25-kilometer route through the Eastern Ore Mountains , the Seidewitz passes a height difference of 474 meters.
course
The river, first mentioned in 1438 as at the sidewicz , rises about 1.5 km southwest of the town of Breitenau (town of Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel ) at an altitude of 592 m above sea level. NN. However, the Seidewitz only acquires its actual river character below Liebstadt . On older maps, the river still bears the name Hennersbacher Bach up to its confluence with the Döbraer Bach above Liebstadt. Its tributaries include the Grundbach (left), Döbraer Bach (left) and Börnersdorfer Bach (right) near Liebstadt, as well as the Bahre (right), the Dohmaer Wasser (right) and the Meusegastbach (left) between the Pirna districts of Zusatzendorf and Zehista . After 25 km the Seidewitz flows into a height of 118 m above sea level. NN in Pirna near the retirement and nursing home on Einsteinstrasse in Gottleuba .
Between Liebstadt and the Eulmühle , the river, as a narrow valley, cut up to 90 m deep into the rocks of the Central Saxon Thrust , exposing individual cliffs. The most striking cliff is the so-called Bastei , which rises between Liebstadt and the Schneckenmühle above the valley and offers a good view towards west-southwest. With regard to the flora , the characteristic transition from the alluvial forest on the valley floor to the moderately moist mixed deciduous forests with dry scrub forest interspersed on the valley slopes can still be clearly seen, especially in the central part of the valley.
Flood and flood protection
In the past, the Seidewitz caused severe flood damage in Liebstadt and in the urban area of Pirna repeatedly after heavy rainfall in the upper layers of the Eastern Ore Mountains, especially in 1927 and 2002 . In 1927 about 100 residents of Liebstadt were affected by flood damage. Damage occurred again in 1957. During the flood of the century in 2002, damage amounting to around 6 million euros was caused in Liebstadt. The Seidewitz floods tore a fire fighter on a rescue mission to his death in the Pirna district of Beimendorf . The valley road was washed away in sections.
Retention basin Liebstadt
Above Liebstadt, the Liebstadt retention basin was built in 1961/67 at 389 meters above sea level . The dam of the retention basin is 210 meters long and 24 meters high. The storage space is 1.1 million m³ and the catchment area is 11.4 km².
Retention basin Niederseidewitz
As a result of the experiences with the flood of the century in 2002, the plan for the construction of another retention basin in the Seidewitztal was drawn up. The retention basin planned just above the Seidewitztal bridge at a narrow point in the Seidewitztal valley is designed as a green basin (water retention only during floods) with a dam about 30 meters high and 150 meters long. The storage space should comprise 2.7 million m³. In the event of a centenary flood , the outflow of the Seidewitz in the direction of Pirna should be reduced from 43 m³ of water per second to 11 m³ of water per second. The costs are estimated at around 25 million euros.
An implementation of the measure is currently (as of early 2017) not foreseeable. A target deviation procedure , which is necessary in order to achieve a spatial planning balance between the goals of flood protection and the nature conservation goals set in the regional plan for the retention basin area , was put on hold at the beginning of 2016 by the Dresden State Office . It is now planned that in the course of updating the regional plan for the Upper Elbe Valley-Eastern Ore Mountains region in 2019, the Seidewitztal will be designated as a flood protection area. Regardless of this, the location of the retention basin is in the FFH area "Seidewitztal and Börnersdorfer Bach", so that there are still high nature conservation hurdles for implementation. In this respect, the beginning and outcome of the necessary plan approval procedure is completely open.
The population of the surrounding communities has concerns about the retention basin, among other things because it would completely cut off the valley road.
Mills in the Seidewitztal
The water power of the Seidewitz has been used by numerous mills since the 15th century . Between Walddörfchen and Niederseidewitz , a total of 11 saw, grist, grinding and oil mills as well as a windmill were in operation until the end of the 20th century. The following mills were involved:
- Walddörfchen mill : built around 1600 as a grist mill; Due to the occasionally low water flow in the upper reaches of the river, continuous regulated operation is not possible; Decommissioned in 1950
- Hennersbach mill : built in 1605 as a grinding and grist mill; Renewed in 1788; Closed in 1948
- Goat back mill: built in 1801 by the Liebstadt lord of the castle Carl Adolf von Carlowitz at the foot of the goat back on the bridge to Lichtenberg as a board and cutting mill; destroyed by French soldiers during the wars of liberation in 1813; not rebuilt due to reduced timber yields and a lack of building materials
- Liebstadt windmill : built in 1863 (according to another source as early as 1861) as a tower windmill by the owner of the Berge-Mühle due to lack of water; shut down after a fatal accident in 1870; Structurally preserved tower
- Berge-Mühle Liebstadt : commissioned as an oil mill in 1695; since 1841 also used as a grinding mill; decommissioned around 1950
- Obermühle Liebstadt (originally Mittelmühle): mentioned in a document as early as 1425; probably founded as a grinding mill; Shut down in 1884; The building was then demolished and subsequently built over with residential buildings (today Bachstrasse 11)
- Mittelmühle Liebstadt (originally Niedermühle): built around 1450 as a grinding mill, later also used as a grist mill; badly damaged during the floods in 1617, 1804 and 1927; 1963 cessation of milling operations; 1987 finally shut down
- Niedermühle Liebstadt : built in 1546 by the Liebstadt lord of the castle Günther von Bünau as a saw and grinding mill; repeatedly badly damaged by wars (1643) and floods (1897); After being destroyed in the floods in 1927, it was converted into a sawmill four years later and closed in 1968; afterwards establishment of a precision engineering company (today Hutzel Seidewitztal GmbH)
- Screw mill: grinding mill first mentioned in 1555; after the construction of the Seidewitztalstrasse (1871) development into a country inn; rest home during the Second World War ; during the GDR times company vacation home of VEB Maschinenfabrik Heidenau (until 1960), from 1961 children's vacation camp " Fritz Schulze " of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR ; since 1991 until today "Kinderdorf Schneckenmühle".
- Biensdorf mill : built in 1905 as a grist, bone and saw mill; Closed in 1971
- Mill Nentmannsdorf : grinding mill mentioned in 1484; Badly damaged by floods in 1927 , other parts of the building subsequently burned down; later an inn; from 1947 children's recreation center; from 1956 military hospital of the NVA
- Eulmühle Niederseidewitz : probably built as a grinding mill in the 15th century; Name is derived from an earlier name of the Seidewitztal (Eulengrund); Shut down in 1995; the mill is located directly on the old Dresden-Teplitzer Poststrasse
- Hofemühle Beimbach
- Lindigtmühle Pirna
- Board mill Pirna
- Neumühle or Knaufmühle Pirna
Traffic development
Up until the 19th century, the narrow and formerly partly swamped valley of the Seidewitz was not suitable for the construction of traffic routes. A report from the year 1846 states that "the narrow, but beautiful bottom of the Seydewitz" (from Liebstadt) "is not passable further downwards" (). Nonetheless, the prehistoric paths of the Kulmer Steige , and later also the route of the Alte Dresden-Teplitzer Poststrasse, ran along the eastern ridge in particular . Traffic routes only crossed the valley, so u. a. near the snail mill , the Eisenstraße running from the Berggießhübel iron mining area to the hammer mills in the Müglitztal and Weißeritztal or the already mentioned Alte Dresden-Teplitzer Poststraße, which crossed the valley near the Eulmühle. The last crossing to be built is the Seidewitztalbrücke , which was also built near the Eulmühle as part of the federal motorway 17 .
While the output of the 19th century accelerated railway construction , the city tried Liebstadt repeated a railway connection. Plans that included a route from Pirna through the Seidewitztal via Liebstadt to Bohemia or a connection to the Müglitztalbahn or the Freiberg - Brüx (Most) railway were not implemented due to poor profitability and the outbreak of the First World War .
For this purpose, the Seidewitztalstraße between Pirna and Liebstadt was built in 1871 with the help of French prisoners of war (today state road S 176). Above Liebstadt, however, the valley has remained undeveloped by road to this day. Existing routes use the valleys of the neighboring Döbraer Bach and the Molchgrundbach.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hydrological Handbook. (PDF; 637 kB) Part 3 - Main aquatic values. Free State of Saxony - State Office for Environment and Geology, p. 65 , accessed on December 25, 2017 .
- ↑ Is the Free State strolling near the dam? , Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) of November 23, 2016
- ↑ Sächsische Zeitung (Pirna edition) of May 14, 2009 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Fischer: Traces of old mills on the Gottleuba (PDF; 8.4 MB)
- ↑ Ferdinand Thal: The latest concise and yet complete guide through Saxon Switzerland with an appendix: Instructions for a detour to Upper Lusatia . Dresden. (Reprint hall 1991)
literature
- German Academy of Sciences in Berlin [ed.]: To Gottleuba, Berggießhübel and Liebstadt. Values of the German homeland Vol. 4. Berlin 1961.
- Rainer Fischer: Secondary railways from Pirna to Großcotta and Gottleuba. Nordhorn 1998.
- Friends and sponsors of Schloss Kuckuckstein eV: Liebstadt. Chronicle of what was once the smallest town in Saxony 1286 - 1999. Liebstadt 2002.
- Green League Eastern Ore Mountains : Nature Guide Eastern Ore Mountains. Volume 3: Natural history hiking destinations. Sandstein Verlag, Dresden 2007, ISBN 978-3-940319-18-0 (therein 'Kap. 20 Seidewitztal', pp. 550-568) Digitized version of the entire volume (PDF file, 14.7 MB)
- Alfred Meiche: Historical-topographical description of the Pirna administration. Dresden 1927.
