Seonjong

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Seonjong
13th King of the Goryeo Dynasty

Spelling of names
Hangeul 선종
Hanja 宣宗
Revised Romanization Seonjong
McCune-Reischauer Sŏnjong
Reign
Reign of 1083
Reign until 1094
predecessor King Sunjong
successor King Heonjong
Life dates
Born on the October 9, 1049
place of birth Kaesŏng , Goryeo
Birth Name 왕운
Hanja 王 運
Revised Romanization Wang Un
McCune-Reischauer Wang Un
father King Munjong ( 문종 )
mother Queen Inye of the Incheon Lee Clan ( 인예 )
Death dates
Died on June 17, 1094
Place of death Kaesŏng , Goryeo
Spouses, mistresses, offspring
Woman (s) Queen Sasuk of the Incheon Lee Clan ( 사숙 )
and two other ladies of the court
Sons King Heonjong ( 고려 )
Prince Hansan ( 한산 ) (Wang Yun)
and two other sons whose name is unknown
Daughters Princess Suan ( 수안 )
Queen Gyeonghwa ( 경화 )
and a daughter whose name is unknown

King Seonjong ( Korean 선종 ) (born October 9, 1049 in Kaesŏng , Kingdom of Goryeo ; † June 17, 1094 in Kaesŏng, Goryeo) was the 13th king of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty during his reign from 1083 to 1094 ( 고려 왕조 ) (918-1392).

Life

Seonjong was the second eldest son of King Munjong ( 문종 ) and his wife Queen Inye ( 인예 ), who came from the Incheon Lee clan. At his birth, Sunjong was given the name Wang Un ( 왕운 ). King Seonjong was married to Queen Sasuk ( 사숙 ), who came from the Incheon Lee clan. With her he had a son who would later succeed him to the throne as King Heonjong ( 고려 ). A daughter he had with a lady of the court later became Queen Gyeonghwa at the side of King Yejong ( 예종 ). He had a total of four sons and three daughters.

During Seonjong's eleven-year reign, the empire participated in a balanced development between Buddhism and Confucianism , which promised politically stable conditions. The Goryeo Empire also benefited from the improved relations and trade with the Empire of the Song Dynasty ( 宋朝 ), for which King Seonjong campaigned. In the east he approached Japan with diplomatic innovators in order to intensify trade here too.

In 1087, under King Seonjong, the Buddhist canon known under the name Tripitaka Koreana , which was commissioned by King Hyeonjong ( 현종 ) in 1011 , was completed. Destroyed by fire in 1232 by the Mongols who attacked Goryeo, the wooden printing blocks were recreated between 1236 and 1251. In Korea the volumes are known under the name Palman Daejanggyeong ( 팔만 대장경 ) (eight thousand Tripiṭaka).

King Seonjong was also a promoter of Buddhism in the empire and founded a school for this purpose in 1084. In 1089 he had a 13-story pagoda decorated with gold built. In 1087 he ordered his younger brother Uicheon ( 의천 ), who had become a Buddhist monk , back from China to his homeland and made sure that he got an important role in the clergy of the Buddhist religion in the country. Uicheon returned with over 3,000 volumes of Buddhist literature that he had collected from his travels.

It is believed that King Seonjong died of a fever. His grave is not known.

literature

  • Han Young Woo : Ancient / Goryeo Era . In: A Review of Korean History . Volume 1 . Kyongsaewon Publishing Company , Pajubookcity, Gyeonggi-do 2010, ISBN 978-89-8341-091-7 (English, translated from Korean by Hahm Chaibong).
  • Michael J. Pettid, Mark C. Mueller, Raymond F. Wall : Kang Kamch'an . In: Yang Hi Choe-Wall (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Korea . Australian National University , Canberra May 1999 (English).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Han : Ancient / Goryeo Era . 2010, p.  369 .
  2. ↑ a b c 선종 [ 宣宗 , 1049 ~ 1094]. In: Doopedia . Doosan Corporation , accessed November 5, 2019 (Korean).
  3. ^ Cultural Heritage Administration (ed.): World Heritage in Korea . Seoul 2016, p.  30 (English).
  4. ↑ Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Ŭich'ŏn . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  1323 .
personal data
SURNAME Seonjong
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wang Un
BRIEF DESCRIPTION 13. King of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty
DATE OF BIRTH October 9, 1049
PLACE OF BIRTH Kaesŏng , Goryeo
DATE OF DEATH June 17, 1094
Place of death Kaesŏng , Goryeo