Uijong

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Uijong
18th King of the Goryeo Dynasty

Spelling of names
Hangeul 의종
Hanja 毅 宗
Revised Romanization Uijong
McCune-Reischauer Ŭijong
Reign
Reign of 1146
Reign until 1170
predecessor King Injong
successor King Myeongjong
Life dates
Born on the May 23, 1127
place of birth Kaesŏng , Goryeo
Birth Name 왕현
Hanja 王 晛
Revised Romanization Wang Hyeon
McCune-Reischauer Wang Hyŏn
father King Injong ( 인종 )
mother Queen Gongye of Jangheung In the Clan ( 공예 )
Death dates
Died on November 7, 1173
Place of death Kaesŏng , Goryeo
Spouses, mistresses, offspring
Woman (s) Queen Janggyeong of the Kim Clan ( 장경 )
Queen Jangseon of the Jiksan Choi Clan ( 장선 )
and another lady of the court
Sons Prince Hyoryeong ( 효령 )
Daughters Princess Gyeongdeok ( 경덕 )
Princess Anjeong ( 안정 )
Princess Hwasun ( 화순 )

King Uijong ( Korean 의종 ) (born May 23, 1127 in Kaesŏng , Kingdom of Goryeo ; † November 7, 1173 in Kaesŏng, Goryeo) was the 18th King of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty during his reign from 1146 to 1170 ( 고려 왕조 ) (918-1392).

Life

Uijong was the firstborn son of King Injong ( 고려 ) and his wife Queen Gongye ( 공예 ), who came from the Jangheung Im clan. At his birth, Uijong was given the name Wang Hyeon ( 왕현 ) and was made crown prince at the age of seven. He succeeded his father on the throne after his death in April 1146 at the age of 20. King Uijong was married to three women. His first marriage to Queen Janggyeong ( 장경 ), who came from the Kim clan, had a son and three daughters. The other marriages were childless. Despite the fact that his son Wang Ki ( Kron ) had become crown prince, he received nothing about the succession to the throne after his father's deposition as king and Uijong's third-born brother Myeongjong ( 명종 ) got the right to the throne.

During the reign of King Uijong, official disdain for the military reached its peak, as Uijong was more aesthetic and led a dissolute lifestyle at the expense of government and concern for the kingdom. This also affected the administration, which never missed an opportunity to show its low regard for the military. King Uijong was known to build palaces and gardens, to travel and to give banquets, which put a heavy strain on the state budget. When King Uijong traveled to Pohyon Temple in 1170 and was escorted by his military, it was the three commanders Jeong Jungbu ( 정중부 ), Yi Uibang ( 이의 방 ) and Yi Ko ( 이고 ) who opposed King Uijong on the way and called for a rebellion, which the military spontaneously joined. They took control of the kingdom and deposed King Uijong. They also killed those in the administration who were not well disposed towards the military. Uijong was replaced by his younger brother Myongjong. An attempt under the leadership of civil servant Kim Podang to reinstall Uijong as king failed and led to further bloody purges at court and in the administration. Power struggles also broke out among the military leaders, leading to numerous assassinations among themselves. In any case, the revolt of the military also led to the subsequent kings losing power and the military gaining power and influence over the administration of the country.

From the time of King Uijong's reign it is also known that he had the robes of his servants in the administration designed differently depending on their rank. With regard to the educational institutions founded by his father in the rural areas, he continued them. But after the end of his reign, their influence continued to wane.

King Uijong died in 1173. His tomb is not known.

literature

  • Ki-baik Lee : A New History of Korea . Harvard University Press , Seoul 1984, ISBN 0-674-61576-X (English, Chinese: 韓國 史 新 論 . 1961. Translated by Edward W. Wagner).
  • Michael J. Pettid, Mark C. Mueller, Raymond F. Wall : Kang Kamch'an . In: Yang Hi Choe-Wall (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Korea . Australian National University , Canberra May 1999 (English).
  • Han Young Woo : Ancient / Goryeo Era . In: A Review of Korean History . Volume 1 . Kyongsaewon Publishing Company , Pajubookcity, Gyeonggi-do 2010, ISBN 978-89-8341-091-7 (English, translated from Korean by Hahm Chaibong).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Han : Ancient / Goryeo Era . 2010, p.  369 .
  2. ↑ a b Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Ŭijong, King (r. 1146-1170) . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  1324 f .
  3. ↑ 인종 [ 仁宗 , 1109 ~ 1146]. In: Doopedia . Doosan Corporation , accessed November 9, 2019 (Korean).
  4. ↑ a b Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Chŏng Chungbu (1106-1179) . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  211 .
  5. ↑ Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Military Domination: 1170-1270 . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  500 .
  6. ^ Lee : A New History of Korea . 1984, p.  140 .
  7. ↑ Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Clothing - Koryo period . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  261 .
  8. ↑ Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Education - Koryo . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  367 .
personal data
SURNAME Uijong
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wang Hyeon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION 18. King of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty
DATE OF BIRTH May 23, 1127
PLACE OF BIRTH Kaesŏng , Goryeo
DATE OF DEATH November 7, 1173
Place of death Kaesŏng , Goryeo